清热解毒方联合西医常规疗法防治中晚期原发性肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞术后综合征的临床研究

目的观察清热解毒方联合西医常规疗法防治肝癌经导管动脉化疗栓塞术(TACE)后综合征的临床疗效。方法将91例拟接受TACE术的中晚期原发性肝癌患者随机分为治疗组(46例)和对照组(45例),治疗组于TACE前后在西医常规治疗基础上加用清热解毒方,对照组于TACE后接受西医常规治疗。观察两组患者栓塞综合征的发生和生活质量。结果治疗组发热、肝区疼痛的发生情况较对照组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但恶心、呕吐的发生情况与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组术后AST、ALT、TBIL较术前差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),组间术后AST、ALT、TBIL差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组发热、肝区疼痛及肝功能异常的持续时间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗组术后卡氏评分较术前差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),较对照组术后差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论清热解毒方联合西医常规疗法对肝癌TACE后综合征具有良好的防治作用。     

不同严重程度鼻炎患者尘螨舌下特异性免疫治疗临床效果观察

目的　评估不同严重程度变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）患儿进行规范化舌下特异性免疫治疗（sublingual immunotherapy, SLIT）的疗效。方法　选取2017年5—12月首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院耳鼻喉科就诊的3～14岁对粉尘螨过敏的AR患儿181例, 按治疗方式不同分为对照组（n＝92, 给予常规药物治疗）和SLIT组（n＝89, 给予尘螨特异性免疫治疗）; 采用AR评分标准, 根据患儿鼻部症状总评分（total nasal symptoms score, TNSS）, 将对照组分为轻度组（n＝35）、中度组（n＝28）和重度组（n＝29）;将SLIT分为轻度组（n＝27）、中度组（n＝33）和重度组（n＝29）。收集第6个月、 1年、 2年的随访数据, 分别对患儿进行TNSS、 鼻炎用药评分（total rhinitis medication scores, TRMS）和视觉模拟量表（visual analogue scale,VAS）评分。结果　（1）治疗2年后, SLIT组与对照组患儿TNSS评分分别为0.61±0.73、 1.61±1.17, TRMS分别为0.21±0.41、 0.59±0.70, VAS分别为0.63±0.70、 1.53±1.24, 两组间差异有统计学意义, Z值分别为6.269、 4.139、5.174, P值均＜0.05; （2）轻度组（n＝62）组内分析： SLIT组（n＝27）与对照组（n＝35）比较, 治疗6个月、 1年, 两组的TNSS、 TRMS、 VAS差异均无统计学意义（Z值分别为-0.108、 0.232、 0.788, 0.774、 0.033、 -0.718; P值均＞0.05）; 治疗2年时两组的TRMS、 VAS差异无统计学意义（Z值分别为0.230、 1.255, P＞0.05）, TNSS在两组间差异有统计学意义（Z值为2.528, P值均＜0.05）; （3）中度组（n＝61）组内分析： 与对照组（n＝28）比较, SLIT组（n＝33）治疗6个月, TRMS、 VAS在两组间差异均无统计学意义（Z值分别为-0.413、 0.412, P值均＞0.05）, 但两组的TNSS差异有统计学意义（Z值为2.397, P＜0.05）; 治疗1年、2年的TNSS、 TRMS、 VAS两组间比较, 差异均有统计学意义（Z值分别为4.952、 2.740、 3.293; 4.743、 2.505、 3.330; P值均＜0.05）; （4）重度组（n＝58）组内分析： 与对照组（n＝29）比较, SLIT组（n＝29）治疗6个月、 1年、 2年的TNSS、 TRMS、 VAS在两组间差异均有统计学意义（Z值分别为2.567、 2.086、 2.781, 4.996、 4.264、 2.756, 4.253、 4.480、 4.515, P值均＜0.05）。结论　采用标准化粉尘螨滴剂舌下治疗尘螨致敏AR患儿, 治疗2年可获得较单纯药物治疗更佳的疗效, 尤其在病情严重患儿,其获益更大。     

Effect of vitamin A status at the end of term pregnancy on the saturation of retinol binding protein with retinol

BACKGROUND: Vitamin A (retinol), which is required for normal fetal development and successful gestation, circulates in the blood bound to a specific protein, the retinol binding protein (RBP). Little is known about the transport and metabolism of this complex protein or about retinol status during normal human pregnancy. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess retinol status and transport modalities of retinol in well-nourished women with normal pregnancies, a population poorly investigated compared with pathologic and malnourished pregnant women. DESIGN: The maternal blood and cord blood concentrations of retinol, vitamin E, beta-carotene, RBP, and transthyretin of pregnant French women at term (n = 27) were measured and compared with values from a nonpregnant control group (n = 27). In addition, holo-RBP (retinol bound), apo-RBP (retinol free), and total protein were assessed in both groups to enable the hemodilution occurring during pregnancy to be taken into consideration and to evaluate the extent of saturation of RBP with retinol. RESULTS: Healthy pregnant women at term had normal serum circulatory amounts of retinol, vitamin E, binding proteins, and beta-carotene. However, they had less binding of retinol to RBP (holo-RBP: 49.9% in pregnant women, 54.0% in cord blood, and 77.5% in the control group). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that retinol homeostasis and transport are modified during normal human pregnancy.     

两种去甲斑蝥素注射剂型对小鼠移植性肝癌抑制作用比较

目的:比较去甲斑蝥素注射液普通剂型和缓释剂型的抗肿瘤效果,研发增强去甲斑蝥素抗肿瘤作用的新剂型。方法:选择药物缓释辅料泊洛沙姆407,将去甲斑蝥素制成注射用缓释剂,观察其对小鼠H 22皮下移植瘤和腹水瘤的抗肿瘤效果。结果:缓释剂型组对小鼠皮下肿瘤的抑瘤率为53.7%,优于普通剂型组的26.0%(P<0.05);缓释剂型组对小鼠腹水瘤的生命延长率为40.2%,优于普通剂型组的19.6%(P<0.01)。结论:去甲斑蝥素缓释剂型注射液的抗肿瘤效果优于普通剂型注射液。     

公立医院供应商来访预约接待机制

医院日常医疗活动中,众厂家以及经销商来访的频率以及人数在不断增加,医院各科室与药品、器械、耗材和设备等生产、经销企业(以下简称"供应商")间信息与技术交流工作愈加频繁,做好新形势下医院廉政建设工作是医院面临的考验.利用制度加科技手段建立监管长效机制,以机制、制度、流程、平台为着手点,建立相应平台使得管理具有时效性和约束...     

中医实用技术阶梯式教学模式在海军任职教育中的探索

中医实用技术是以针灸推拿为代表的一类简、便、廉、验的技术总称,其在训练伤防治等方面具有药物治疗和其他非药物疗法不可比拟的优势,适合基层部队军医使用。海军军医大学中医系根据实训学员的生源特点,针对学员知识背景不同、学习时长不同等情况,采用分层次、阶梯式培训的形式施教,构建了符合我校实际的阶梯式任职教育模式。     

系统性红斑狼疮患儿血清铁蛋白变化及其与病情活动的相关性研究

目的　研究系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患儿血清铁蛋白（SF）变化及临床意义。方法　研究对象为2004—2009年在南昌大学第二附属医院住院的58例SLE患儿,采用化学发光法检测患儿治疗前和治疗后及30名健康体检儿童的SF。结果　SLE患儿SF显著高于对照组,且活动期SF显著高于静止期。SLE患儿治疗后SF明显下降。SLE患儿SF与抗ds-DNA抗体SLE疾病活动性指标（SLEDAI）评分均呈正相关。结论　SLE患儿的SF较健康儿童显著升高,SF与病情活动性呈正相关,可作为诊断儿童SLE有价值的实验室指标。     

去甲斑蝥素微球介入治疗大鼠肝癌疗效及其机制研究

目的探讨去甲斑蝥素-海藻酸/聚酸酐微球(norcantharidin-alginicacid/polyacidanhydridemicro-spheres,N-MS)介入治疗大鼠肝癌的作用及其机制。方法采用乳化-化学交联法制备N-MS。建立大鼠肝癌模型,将荷瘤大鼠随机分为空白对照组、去甲斑蝥素(norcantharidin,NCTD)组、空白微球(blankmicro-sphere,B-MS)组、NCTD-碘油组和N-MS组。各组荷瘤大鼠分别经肝动脉注入生理盐水、NCTD、B-MS、NCTD-碘油和N-MS。治疗后,观察各组大鼠生存时间、肝肿瘤体积和肝肿瘤坏死程度;采用TUNEL法检测各组大鼠肝肿瘤细胞凋亡指数;采用免疫组织化学链霉菌抗生物素蛋白-过氧化物酶连接法(streptavidin-biotinperoxidasemethod,SP)检测各组大鼠肝肿瘤细胞Ki-67的表达。结果治疗后,N-MS组大鼠的生存期较其他各组明显延长;肝肿瘤体积小于其他各组;肿瘤生长率和肝肿瘤细胞Ki-67的表达明显低于其他各组;肿瘤坏死程度和肝肿瘤细胞凋亡指数均高于其他各组,差异均有统计学意义。结论N-MS经肝动脉介入对大鼠肝癌具有较好的治疗作用,其作用机制与栓塞肿瘤微血管、缓慢释放NCTD、诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡和下调Ki-67的表达,从而抑制肿瘤细胞增殖有关。     

单中心近10年腹主动脉瘤1246例流行病学研究

目的 回顾性分析近10年中国医科大学附属第一医院收治的腹主动脉瘤（AAA）病人的流行病学特点，为研究近10年AAA流行病学变化趋势，以及为AAA的进一步预防和诊治提供依据。方法 纳入自2011年1月至2020年12月中国医科大学附属第一医院诊治的1246例AAA病人的病案资料，回顾性分析包括病人年龄、性别、就诊时间、就诊科室、首发症状、住院时间、住院费用、术式选择等信息，分析近10年AAA流行病学变化特点。结果 入院病人平均年龄为（66.9±10.5）岁，男女占比约为4∶1。男性AAA病人以同型半胱氨酸升高为主，女性以血脂升高为主。AAA病人的主要合并症为3级高血压（41.9%）、冠心病（31.1%）和合并髂动脉瘤（25.8%）。男性AAA合并髂动脉瘤比率明显高于女性（27.8% vs.17.8%，P＜0.01）。72.7%的AAA病人首诊原因为体检发现，其次是AAA破裂（18.7%）。AAA病人急诊与门诊就诊例数呈逐年升高态势，急诊与门诊就诊占比约为2∶3。65~69岁为现阶段住院病人主要年龄段。各年份男性占比约为80%，年龄段65~69岁为男性占比可达近90%。各年份腔内修复术（EVAR）是AAA的主要治疗方式，行EVAR治疗病人的例数和比例总体趋势逐年增加，行EVAR治疗的占比随病人年龄增加而逐渐增大。近10年AAA病人的病死率呈降低趋势，2015年后病死率总体维持在2%～3%，以男性为主，年龄段70~74岁的病死率最高为5.8%。AAA病人平均住院（17.0±16.4）d，平均住院费用为（11.3±10.7）万元。结论 近10年AAA住院病人有逐年增高趋势，主要患病人群为年龄＞60岁男性，男女临床特点有较大差异。采用EVAR治疗的占比逐年增加。对于老年AAA人群，尤其是年龄段65~69岁男性AAA病人，在AAA的防治过程中应给予更多关注。     

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??Analysis on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of breast cancer in young women GAO Guo-xuan, YU Da-peng, ZHANG Hong, et al. Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Corresponding author: YE Jing-ming, E-mail: md_ye@sina.com
GAO Guo-xuan and YU Da-peng contributed qually to this work
Abstract Objective To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in young women????35 years old?? and to analyze their association with treatment and prognosis. Methods The records of 110 breast cancer in young women treated from January 2008 to December 2014 were reviewed. Statistical methods were used for analyzing the correlation between clinical and pathological characteristics such as T-stage, N-stage, IHC (Immunohistochemistry) and the morbidity as well as prognosis. The clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in young women were compared with patients ≥35years using the χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier curves were reported for OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression-free survival), and the log-rank test was used to compare the difference in groups. Cox proportional models were fitted for multivariate analysis. Results All of the patients were women and the median age was 32 (21 to 34)-year old, accounted for 5.71% (110/2189) of the breast cancer treated at the same period. The morbidity of Luminal A-like and Luminal B-like(HER2 negative) in ??35-year group were higher than ≥35-year group(P??0.001). Patients??35 years chose breast-conserving or mastectomy combined reconstruction surgery were much more than older group(P??0.001). The median follow-up duration of breast cancer in young women was 31.5 months, the 5-year OS rate was 93.3% and the 5-year PFS rate was 89.3%. It is concluded that the N-stage??P??0.001??and M-stage??P??0.001??were the influencing factors of the PFS by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The N-stage??P??0.001??was the influencing factor of OS. Conclusion Breast cancer in young women had special clinical and pathological characteristics. The endocrine therapy should be strengthened as well as protecting fertility. Patients??35 years demanded high quality of life and appearance, and the option of surgical treatment should be personalized.