单孔胸腔镜手术治疗肺多发结节的临床研究

目的 观察单孔胸腔镜手术治疗肺多发结节的临床疗效及安全性。方法 选取64例肺多发结节患者,依据手术方式分为单孔组(单孔胸腔镜手术)与单操作孔组(单操作孔胸腔镜手术),每组32例。比较两组围术期相关指标(手术时间、术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目、术后引流管留置时间、术后住院时间、术后24 h及72 h VAS评分)、手术前后肺功能及术后并发症情况。结果 两组患者手术时间、淋巴结清扫数目比较,差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。单孔组的术中出血量、术后引流管留置时间、术后住院时间均显著少/短于单操作孔组(均P<0.05)。单孔组患者术后24 h及72 h VAS评分均低于单操作孔组(均P<0.05)。与术前相比,两组术后的用力肺活量(FVC)和第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV₁)均下降,但单孔组术后的FVC和FEV₁高于单操作孔组(均P<0.05)。两组术后并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。所有患者均无中转开胸手术及手术相关性死亡。结论 单孔胸腔镜手术与单操作孔胸腔镜手术均可有效清除肺多发结节,疗效显著,但与...     

高原军人焦虑、抑郁特点及相关因素分析

目的：研究高原军人的焦虑、抑郁特点及其相关因素。方法：采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）对高原地区700名军人进行现场测试,与焦虑量表（SAS）、抑郁量表（SDS）中国常模比较因子分的差异,并按级别、人际交往、文化程度分组,进行组间比较。结果：①高原军人SAS、SDS因子得分非常显著地高于全国常模（P〈0．01）;②高原军人SAS、SDS水平表现出明显的级别、人际交往、文化程度特征,表现为：①级别上,军人的焦虑及抑郁水平由低到l高依次：干部、士兵、士官;②人际交往上,军人的焦虑及抑郁水平由低到高依次是：（3—5）个朋友、（1—2）个朋友、没有朋友;③文化程度上,军人的焦虑及抑郁水平由低到高依次是：大专以上、高中、初中、小学。结论：高原军人的焦虑及抑郁水平总体较高,并呈现明显的级别、人际交往及文化程度特征。     

肾移植患者抗人类白细胞抗体配型与术后急性排斥反应及移植肾存活的关系

背景:群体反应性抗体可介导超急性排斥反应,导致群体反应性抗体阳性致敏患者肾移植成功率和移植物存活率均低于非致敏患者.目的:根据人类白细胞抗原交叉反应组配型标准为群体反应性抗体阳性致敏肾移植患者选配合适供者,观察移植后急性排斥反?发生率及移植肾存活情况.设计:病例观察.单位:南方医科大学珠江医院.对象:选择1997-01/2003-12在南方医科大学珠江医院器官移植科施行肾移植136例群体反应性抗体阳性的致敏受者,男41例,女95例,年龄(45±9)岁.初次肾移植115例,2次移植18例,3次移植2例,4次移植1例.所有受试对象均对检测项目知情同意,实验经过医院伦理委员会批准.LAT莱姆德抗原板和LAT-Mix混合抗原板购自美国One Lambda公司.SMT72R抗人类白细胞抗原-1类单克隆抗体湿板和人类白细胞抗原-Ⅱ类DNA分型试剂购自美国One Lambda公司.方法:以酶联免疫吸附试验动态监测患者手术前后IgG型抗人类白细胞抗原抗体水平及其特异性.应用抗人类白细胞抗原-Ⅰ类单克隆抗体湿板进行供、受者人类白细胞抗原-Ⅰ类抗原分型,微量序列特异性引物法进行供、受者人类白细胞抗原-Ⅱ类基因分型,根据美国器官共享网制定的人类白细胞抗原交叉反应组配型标准和Ⅱ类抗原可接受性错配原则进行供、受者选配.评估抗原交叉反应组配型原则下患者移植术后急性排斥反应发生率及移植肾1,3,5年存活率进行评价.主要观察指标:①致敏患者手术前后抗人类白细胞抗原抗体水甲及特异性.②供受者人类白细胞抗原组织配型.③肾移植术后急性排斥反应发生率及移植肾存活率.结果:纳入136例PRA阳性致敏患者均进入结果分析,无脱落者.①致敏患者中104例存在抗人类白细胞抗原-Ⅰ类IgG抗体,76例存在抗人类白细胞抗原-Ⅱ类IgG抗体,44例同时存在抗人类白细胞抗原-Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类IgG抗体.②按照传统人类白细胞抗原配型标准供、受者人类白细胞抗原0,1,2,3,4个抗原错配者分别为7,26,47,39和17例;按照人类白细胞抗原交叉反应组配型标准供、受者人类白细胞抗原抗原0,1,2,3,4个抗原错配者分别为31,53,36,16和0例.③按人类白细胞抗原交叉反应组配型原则,人类白细胞抗原无错配者的急性排斥反应发生率明显低于2个和3个抗原错配者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),人类白细胞抗原无错配者移植肾1,3,5年存活率高于2个和3个抗原错配者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:①人类白细胞抗原交叉反应组配型标准能提高肾移植供受者的相配率.②良好的人类白细胞抗原配型可降低肾移植术后急性排斥反应的发生率,提高移植肾的存活率.     

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??Objective??To investigate the efficacy and safety of propofol used as anesthesia and deep sedation during flexible bronchoscopy in children. Methods??The clinical data of 206 children with atelectasis who underwent flexible bronchoscopic alveolar lavage in the Endoscopy Room of the Respiratory Department of Hebei Children’s Hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Children for ASA??/?? level were divided into two groups according to the sedation method :there were 106 cases in the propofol group??2 mg/kg?? and 100 cases in the midazolam group??0.1 mg/kg??. To compare the onset time of anesthetict??heart rate??HR????respiratory rate??RR????mean arterial pressure??MAP????percutaneous oxygen saturation??SPO2?? before and after anesthesia induction??T0??T1????during endoscopy placement??T2??and after awakening??T3?? at 4 time points??operative duration??the waked duration of postoperation??the rate of adverse reactions??hiccups??respiratory depression??in the operation and Ramsay score between two groups. All data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 statistical software. Results????1??There were statistically significant differences at the onset time of anestheticts??operative duration and the rate of side-effects between the two groups??P??0.05??. There was no statistical differences in awake time??P??0.05??.??2??There was no significant difference in MAP or SPO2 at time points of T0??T1??T2??T3??P??0.05????whereas the difference in HR and RR at time points of T1??T2??T3 between the two groups was statistically significant??P??0.05??. ??3??The sedative effect of propofol group was significantly better than that of midazolam group in Ramsay sedative scoring. Conclusion??Propofol used for anesthesia and deep sedation works fast??safely and effectively in flexible bronchoscopy for children??the time to gain consciousness is short??the operation time is short and there is fewer side effects??which is worth promoting.     

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??Objective    To evaluate the cytotoxicity?? biocompatibility and biological safety of PGMA pre-impregnated quartz fiber in vitro?? providing scientific basis for clinical application. Methods    According to standard of GBT16886.5-2003 and YYT0268-2008 documents?? the cellular cultivation and cytotoxicity test in vitro were conducted to evaluate the target materials on the morphology?? growth and proliferation of cultured cells ??L929 and GE1??. Results        The range of cell relative growth rate ??RGR?? of 50% and 100% extraction of non-polymerized composite were 44.59%-65.66% ??L929?? and 52.06%-62.86% ??GE1???? and the cytotoxicity was grade 2-3. The range of cell relative growth rate ??RGR?? of 50% and 100% extraction of polymerized composite were 90.56%-100.89% ??L929?? and 89.99%-101.21% ??GE1???? and the cytotoxicity was grade 0-1. Conclusion    Polymerized PGMA pre-impregnated quartz fiber is safe and fit for the clinical application.     

单中心近10年腹主动脉瘤1246例流行病学研究

目的 回顾性分析近10年中国医科大学附属第一医院收治的腹主动脉瘤（AAA）病人的流行病学特点，为研究近10年AAA流行病学变化趋势，以及为AAA的进一步预防和诊治提供依据。方法 纳入自2011年1月至2020年12月中国医科大学附属第一医院诊治的1246例AAA病人的病案资料，回顾性分析包括病人年龄、性别、就诊时间、就诊科室、首发症状、住院时间、住院费用、术式选择等信息，分析近10年AAA流行病学变化特点。结果 入院病人平均年龄为（66.9±10.5）岁，男女占比约为4∶1。男性AAA病人以同型半胱氨酸升高为主，女性以血脂升高为主。AAA病人的主要合并症为3级高血压（41.9%）、冠心病（31.1%）和合并髂动脉瘤（25.8%）。男性AAA合并髂动脉瘤比率明显高于女性（27.8% vs.17.8%，P＜0.01）。72.7%的AAA病人首诊原因为体检发现，其次是AAA破裂（18.7%）。AAA病人急诊与门诊就诊例数呈逐年升高态势，急诊与门诊就诊占比约为2∶3。65~69岁为现阶段住院病人主要年龄段。各年份男性占比约为80%，年龄段65~69岁为男性占比可达近90%。各年份腔内修复术（EVAR）是AAA的主要治疗方式，行EVAR治疗病人的例数和比例总体趋势逐年增加，行EVAR治疗的占比随病人年龄增加而逐渐增大。近10年AAA病人的病死率呈降低趋势，2015年后病死率总体维持在2%～3%，以男性为主，年龄段70~74岁的病死率最高为5.8%。AAA病人平均住院（17.0±16.4）d，平均住院费用为（11.3±10.7）万元。结论 近10年AAA住院病人有逐年增高趋势，主要患病人群为年龄＞60岁男性，男女临床特点有较大差异。采用EVAR治疗的占比逐年增加。对于老年AAA人群，尤其是年龄段65~69岁男性AAA病人，在AAA的防治过程中应给予更多关注。     

导诊单制度在优化我院门诊工作流程中的重要性

门诊是医院和科室的第一窗口,我院(北京协和医院)建成于上世纪70年代的协和医院旧门诊楼,按日门诊量2000人次设计,而目前医院每日门诊量已经上万,最高达到12700人次/日,随着医疗技术的发展,临床分科越来越多、越来越细,门诊分类较多,仅内科门诊就设有十多个专科,并且许多检查项目无法容纳在旧门诊楼,只能分散在老楼、住院楼、北配楼等各个大楼的犄角旮旯,由于人流量大、就诊的环节多、候诊的时间较长,患者不仅感觉拥挤不堪,而且就像进了"迷宫".     

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??Analysis on clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of breast cancer in young women GAO Guo-xuan, YU Da-peng, ZHANG Hong, et al. Breast Disease Center, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Corresponding author: YE Jing-ming, E-mail: md_ye@sina.com
GAO Guo-xuan and YU Da-peng contributed qually to this work
Abstract Objective To explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in young women????35 years old?? and to analyze their association with treatment and prognosis. Methods The records of 110 breast cancer in young women treated from January 2008 to December 2014 were reviewed. Statistical methods were used for analyzing the correlation between clinical and pathological characteristics such as T-stage, N-stage, IHC (Immunohistochemistry) and the morbidity as well as prognosis. The clinical and pathological characteristics of breast cancer in young women were compared with patients ≥35years using the χ2 test. Kaplan-Meier curves were reported for OS (overall survival) and PFS (progression-free survival), and the log-rank test was used to compare the difference in groups. Cox proportional models were fitted for multivariate analysis. Results All of the patients were women and the median age was 32 (21 to 34)-year old, accounted for 5.71% (110/2189) of the breast cancer treated at the same period. The morbidity of Luminal A-like and Luminal B-like(HER2 negative) in ??35-year group were higher than ≥35-year group(P??0.001). Patients??35 years chose breast-conserving or mastectomy combined reconstruction surgery were much more than older group(P??0.001). The median follow-up duration of breast cancer in young women was 31.5 months, the 5-year OS rate was 93.3% and the 5-year PFS rate was 89.3%. It is concluded that the N-stage??P??0.001??and M-stage??P??0.001??were the influencing factors of the PFS by multivariate Cox regression analysis. The N-stage??P??0.001??was the influencing factor of OS. Conclusion Breast cancer in young women had special clinical and pathological characteristics. The endocrine therapy should be strengthened as well as protecting fertility. Patients??35 years demanded high quality of life and appearance, and the option of surgical treatment should be personalized.     

原发性醛固酮增多症患者钙磷代谢情况及其与成纤维生长因子23相关性分析

目的比较原发性醛固酮增多症(PA)和原发性高血压(EH)患者钙磷代谢和成纤维生长因子23(FGF23)水平的差异,探讨二者的相关性。方法选择因"高血压查因"住院确诊的资料完整的病例,按性别、年龄、高血压水平及其病程等匹配原则纳入123例PA患者和123例EH患者,比较两组患者的钙磷代谢指标的差异并分析其与FGF23的关系。结果 (1)PA组的FGF23、PTH水平高于EH组,分别是271.31 pg/m L(173.91,504.34)vs 160.41 pg/m L(118.08,235.60)和74.5 pg/m L(46.5,91.0)vs.43.60 pg/m L(33.75,60.25),其差异具有统计学意义(P0.001),但血钙、血磷水平低于EH组(2.18±0.17 mmol/L vs.2.33±0.17 mmol/L和1.013±0.204 mmol/L vs.1.127±0.190 mmol/L,P0.001)。(2)PA组中FGF23与与血磷水平呈负相关(r=-0.502,P=0.001),与PTH水平呈正相关(r=0.349,P=0.030)。(3)PA组中随着醛固酮水平的递增,FGF23呈上升趋势(P0.05)。结论 PA患者FGF23水平显著上升,FGF23水平与血磷和PTH水平相关,且FGF23与高醛固酮水平相关。     

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??Multi-disciplinary team and conversion therapy for colorectal cancer with unresectable liver metastases??A report of 86 patients WEI-Ye*??YE Qing-hai??YU Yi-yi??et al. *Department of General Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital??Fudan University??Shanghai200032??China
Corresponding author??QIN Xin-yu??E-mail??qin.xinyu@zs-hospital.sh.cn
Abstract Objective To analyze safety and effect of the conversion therapy for initially unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CLMs) under the guidance of multi-disciplinary team (MDT). Methods The retrospective analysis was conducted for 86 patients with unresectable CLMs received MDT management and arrived conversion therapy successfully from January 2008 to December 2011 in Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University. The perioperative and survival outcomes??prognostic factors were evaluated. Results During the mean follow-up of 41 months (24-68 months), according to the finding time of liver metastases of 86 patients??recurrence events were 73 patients??and 39 patients died. The 1 year??2 year and 3 year overall survival rate (OS) was 90.6%??75.6% and 65.1% respectively. The median OS time was ??47.5±3.1?? months. The 1 year??2 year and 3 year disease free survival rate (DFS) was 72.1%??48.8% and 31.4% respectively. The median DFS time was ??22.0±2.9?? months. The OS and DFS were no significant difference when compared 86 patients with initially unresectable CLMs successfully arrived conversion therapy with 99 patients with initial resectable CLMs??P >0.05??. The perioperative mortality rate was 1.5%??and operative complication rate was 24.4%. Tumor regression grade and early tumor shrink could predict the prognosis of CLM patients received conversion therapy. Conclusion The conversion therapy under the guidance of MDT mode is safe and effective for unresectable CLMs. The mid-term survival rate is similar with initially resectable CLMs??and long-term survival is expected.