子宫肌瘤经子宫动脉栓塞术治疗后患者满意度和生活质量调查

目的:评估子宫肌瘤患者经子宫动脉栓塞术(UAE)治疗后临床症状严重程度、健康相关生活质量(HRQOL)的变化及对治疗满意度的调查。设计:对1998～2002年80例经UAE治疗的子宫肌瘤患者进行问卷调查,了解治疗的有效性、治疗前后的临床症状严重程度及HRQOL的变化。主要观察指标:UAE治疗后症状严重程度及HRQOL评分的变化。次要观察指标:患者满意度及子宫体积缩小程度。结果:64例(80.0%)患者完成了问卷,调查时间为UAE后平均32.1月(范围:57.5～6月)。UAE后子宫体积平均缩小26.3%(95%CI19.6～33.0),79例患者中17例(21.5%)于术后平均18.6月…     

A Phase III, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Study on the Efficacy of Recombinant Human Antithrombin in Heparin-resistant Patients Scheduled to Undergo Cardiac Surgery Necessitating Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Background: The study evaluated the efficacy of recombinant human antithrombin (rhAT) for restoring heparin responsiveness in heparin resistant patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: This was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in heparin-resistant patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Heparin resistance was diagnosed when the activated clotting time was less than 480 s after 400 U/kg heparin. Fifty-four heparin-resistant patients were randomized. One cohort received 75 U/kg rhAT, and the other received normal saline. If the activated clotting time remained less than 480 s, this was considered treatment failure, and 2 units fresh frozen plasma was transfused. Patients were monitored for adverse events.

Results: Only 19% of patients in the rhAT group received fresh frozen plasma, compared with 81% of patients in the placebo group (P < 0.001). During their hospitalization, 48% of patients in the rhAT group received fresh frozen plasma, compared with 85% of patients in the placebo group (P = 0.009). Patients in the placebo group required higher heparin doses (P < 0.005) for anticoagulation. There was no increase in serious adverse events associated with rhAT. There was increased blood loss 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.05) with a trend toward increased 24-h bleeding in the rhAT group (P = 0.06). There was no difference between the groups in blood and platelet transfusions.     

南阳地区5岁以下儿童社区获得性肺炎病原菌检测分析

目的通过对南阳地区≤5岁儿童社区获得性肺炎(CAP)患儿下呼吸道分泌物病原菌的检测，探讨近年儿童CAP病原菌构成和耐药谱的新特点。 方法选择2003 11—2005 12来自南阳地区各不同社区于南阳医专附院儿科就诊，符合肺炎诊断标准的儿童CAP住院患者1276例，用多平板不同条件对未抗菌治疗采得的标本进行接种培养，分离菌株采用Bio Merieux VITEK 2型全自动微生物仪进行菌种鉴定和药物敏感试验，结果采用WHONET5软件分析处理，得出儿童CAP病原菌种分布构成比及主要致病菌种对常用抗菌药物的耐药率。 结果检出病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主，占68.6%(297/433)，其中前3位分别为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌及铜绿假单胞菌。6种主要革兰阴性菌对氨苄西林、复方磺胺、头孢唑啉显示高抗药性，而对美洛培南、亚安培南高度敏感，对阿米卡星、头孢吡肟较敏感。4种主要革兰阳性菌对万古霉素高度敏感，对利福平、氨苄西林/舒巴坦及左氧氟沙星较敏感。 结论儿童CAP病原菌构成在发生变迁，细菌的耐药性也在发生改变，且各地及不同时期存在差异，故应作好病原及药敏监测并改进检测方法，掌握本地区一定时期内儿童CAP的病原学情况。     

上海复旦大学附属华山医院皮肤科办班消息

大疱性类天疱疮（RP）是一种慢性自身免疫性皮肤病，其主要的病理改变是表皮下水疱形成，免疫荧光检查示真表皮交界处C3和IgG等呈线状沉积，在患者血清中可检测到类天疱疮抗体，本研究拟通过检测大疱性类天疱疮患者拔出的头发上残留毛囊中类天疱疮抗体的沉积情况，以期建立一种快捷，损伤小的检测方法。     

睡眠障碍可能是发生男性心肌梗死的一个危险因素

[俄]/ГаФаров ВВ…//Клин Мед.—2006,84(4).—28～30睡眠是机体的自然生理状态,对保持机体各器官和系统的正常功能十分重要;而睡眠障碍则是影响健康的因素之一。根据世界卫生组织专家委员会关于研究睡眠障碍的资料,美国有36%成年人睡眠不正常,有4千万人患慢性     

新基因Tctex5在雄鼠生殖细胞中的表达

目的探讨雄鼠生殖细胞中是否有Tctex5基因的表达。方法从三株体外培养的雄鼠生殖细胞CRL-1715、CRL-2053和CRL-2196细胞株中提取总RNA和蛋白，采用RT-PCR和Western blot分别从mRNA和蛋白质水平分析基因产物的表达。结果Tctex5基因在CRL-1715、CRL-2053、CRL-2196三株细胞中都有高表达。结论Tctex5基因作为一个未知功能的基因，在雄鼠生殖细胞中有丰富的表达，可能参与了精子发生的功能调节，作为男性正常生育的。个新的标志物，它可能在精子发生中扮演了一个重要的角色，该基因在雄性生殖细胞中的发现可能会对男性不育的诊断与治疗提供新的途径。     

Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on Glutamate Transporter, Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter Type 3: The Role of Protein Kinase C

Background: Glutamate transporters play an important role in maintaining extracellular glutamate homeostasis. The authors studied the effects of volatile anesthetics on one type of glutamate transporters, excitatory amino acid transporter type 3 (EAAT3), and the role of protein kinase C in mediating these effects.

Methods: Excitatory amino acid transporter type 3 was expressed in Xenopus oocytes by injection of EAAT3 mRNA. Using two-electrode voltage clamp, membrane currents were recorded before, during, and after application of l-glutamate. Responses were quantified by integrating the current trace and are reported as microcoulombs. Data are mean +/- SEM.

Results: l-Glutamate-induced responses were increased gradually with the increased concentrations of isoflurane, a volatile anesthetic. At 0.52 and 0.70 mm isoflurane, the inward current was significantly increased compared with control. Isoflurane (0.70 mm) significantly increased Vmax (maximum velocity) (3.6 +/- 0.4 to 5.1 +/- 0.4 [mu]C;P < 0.05) but not Km (Michoelis-Menten Constant) (55.4 +/- 17.0 vs. 61.7 +/- 13.6 [mu]m;P > 0.05) of EAAT3 for glutamate compared with control. Treatment of the oocytes with phorbol-12-myrisate-13-acetate, a protein kinase C activator, caused a significant increase in transporter current (1.7 +/- 0.2 to 2.5 +/- 0.2 [mu]C;P < 0.05). Responses in the presence of the combination of phorbol-12-myrisate-13-acetate and volatile anesthetics (isoflurane, halothane, or sevoflurane) were not greater than those when volatile anesthetic was present alone. Oocytes pretreated with any of the three protein kinase C inhibitors alone (chelerythrine, staurosporine, or calphostin C) did not affect basal transporter current. Although chelerythrine did not change the anesthetic effects on the activity of EAAT3, staurosporine or calphostin C abolished the anesthetic-induced increase of EAAT3 activity.     

Perflubron Emulsion in Prolonged Hemorrhagic Shock: Influence on Hepatocellular Energy Metabolism and Oxygen-dependent Gene Expression

Background: Liver dysfunction as a result of impaired oxygen availability frequently occurs following hemorrhage and contributes to delayed mortality. Artificial oxygen carriers may improve oxygen supply to vital organs while avoiding the need for allogeneic transfusion.

Methods: Rats were subjected to hemorrhagic hypotension (mean arterial pressure = 35-40 mmHg for 120 min) and were subsequently resuscitated with (1) stored whole rat blood, (2) pentastarch, or (3) pentastarch combined with perflubron emulsion (PFE; 2.7 or 5.4 g/kg body weight), a second-generation artificial oxygen carrier. Recovery of liver adenosine triphosphate, hepatocellular injury, and expression of glutamine synthetase 1, a gene that is induced by exposure of hepatocytes to low partial pressure of oxygen, were studied at 4 h of resuscitation.

Results: Stored whole blood or pentastarch failed to restore liver adenosine triphosphate concentrations after prolonged shock as compared to sham controls and resulted in increased gene expression of glutamine synthetase 1. Addition of 2.7 g PFE/kg restored liver adenosine triphosphate to control, whereas 5.4 g PFE/kg resulted in adenosine triphosphate concentrations significantly above control. Improved hepatocellular oxygen supply was also confirmed by restoration of the physiologic expression pattern of glutamine synthetase 1. Serum enzyme concentrations were highest after resuscitation with stored blood, whereas addition of PFE failed to further decrease enzyme concentrations as compared to pentastarch alone.     

新一代美容修饰品：睫毛胶

浓密而修长的睫毛具有画龙点睛之效,眼部修饰深受女性青睐。睫毛“种植”技术符合当今时尚发展趋势,是一种非常理想的眼部美容方法。使用此方“种植”的睫毛不怕高温、湿渗和揉擦,洗脸、游泳、沐浴,甚至洗桑拿都不会受影响,并且保持时间长,因此倍受广大爱美女士的喜爱。现介绍如下: 1、所需工具:镊子、牙签、棉球、剪子。 2、操作步骤①美容者平躺于美容床上,清洁眼部。②取人造睫毛一撮,用牙