采用双髓内钉内固定术治疗尺、桡骨干双骨折的临床疗效观察

目的观察采用双髓内钉内固定术治疗尺、桡骨干双骨折的临床疗效。方法采用双髓内钉内固定术治疗尺、桡骨干双骨折病例22例,骨折按AO分型A型3例,B型7例,C型12例,术后功能锻炼并定期随访,并采用Anderson评分标准评估肘、腕关节屈伸及前臂旋转功能。结果术后随访12~24个月(平均19.5个月),22例患者术后及随访X线片达到解剖复位,骨折全部愈合,术后末次Anderson评分优良率95.5%。结论采用双髓内钉内固定术治疗尺、桡骨干双骨折具有手术操作简便、创伤小、骨折复位满意、符合生物学固定、并发症少、术后前臂功能恢复迅速等优点,是治疗尺、桡骨干双骨折的一种理想治疗方案。     

骨科大手术后VTE高危患者健康教育需求调查研究

【】目的 调查骨科大手术后VTE高危患者深静脉血栓或肺栓塞的健康教育情况,了解骨科大手术患者对静脉血栓健康教育需求,以期为临床护士的健康教育提供指导。方法 采用方便抽样方法,应用自行设计的深静脉血栓/肺栓塞健康教育调查问卷,对某三甲医院骨科术后经过Caprini量表评估为超高危的60名患者进行问卷调查,在病人出院当天现场调查或在出院后一周内通过邮寄信件进行调查,数据分析采用描述性分析、t检验、方差分析等。结果 共调查60名骨科大手术后的高危患者,90%以上的高危患者主要通过医护人员了解深静脉血栓/肺栓塞相关知识,不同年龄患者健康宣教现状存在差异,主要照顾者影响患者健康教育现状的程度。结论 护士在健康教育过程中,应结合患者的年龄和主要照顾者特点进行针对性宣教;在宣教方式上,护士口头宣教是目前患者最期望的宣教方式,还可采取健康宣教手册等形式,因人施教。     

夜间长时血液透析与常规血液透析治疗的卫生经济学效益分析

目的分析夜间长时血液透析(nocturnal hemodialysis,NHD)与常规血液透析(hemodialysis,HD)两种不同的透析方案所产生的卫生经济学效益。方法便利抽样选取2016年7月至2017年7月,在海军军医大学附属长征医院行维持性血液透析治疗的患者202例,其中HD组患者110例、NHD组患者92例。采用自行设计的问卷对两组产生的血液透析经济总负担、成本-效益的直接效益、间接效益及患者对两种治疗方案的满意度进行对比分析。结果 NHD组患者血液透析经济总成本低于对照组,其产生的成本-效益的直接效益、间接效益均高于HD组;患者对NHD治疗的满意度高于HD,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。结论从卫生经济学方面考虑,NHD治疗降低了患者的的血液透析经济总成本,提高了成本-效益的直接效益和间接效益,同时提升了患者的满意度。     

高效液相色谱法测定复方青果颗粒中没食子酸含量

目的建立复方青果颗粒的含量测定方法。方法用HPLC法测定诃子及青果中没食子酸的含量,采用Agilent TC-C18色谱柱;以甲醇-0.1%磷酸溶液（5∶95）为流动相;流速：0.8 mL·min^-1;检测波长：273 nm。结果没食子酸在22.64-113 2 ng与峰面积线性关系良好,平均回收率100.3%,RSD为1.9%（n=9）。结论该方法专属性强,灵敏度高,重现性好,可用于复方青果颗粒的质量控制。     

银杏叶片临床应用研究进展

<正>银杏叶味甘、苦、涩,性平,主要具有敛肺平喘、活血化瘀止痛的作用。银杏叶片是利用现代制药工艺从传统中药银杏的叶中提取物有效成分研制而成的中成药制剂。其提取的有效成分主要为黄酮类物质和萜内脂类,因其广泛的现代药理学作用,已被广泛应用于临床各科。现就其临床应用综述如下。     

先天性巨结肠同源病:临床诊断与手术指征的确立

Objective To determine the diagnostic criteria and surgical indications of allied diseases of Hirschsprung's disease (HAD) in children. Methods During the period from Jun. 2007 to Dec. 2009,65 consecutive patients were performed "radical surgery for megacolone" by this surgery team. Based on the clinical symptoms,anorectal manometry, AChE staining of rectal mucosa and barium enema,the preoperative suspected diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease (HD) or HAD was made.Surgical indications were determined once the suspected HD diagnose was made. On the patients withsuspected HAD, strictly conservative treatments should be carried out for at least 3 months. If conservative treatments were ineffective or the symptoms were recurrent, surgical indication of HAD patients could be determined. Results The preoperative diagnosis was 38 patients with HD and 27 with HAD.However, the final pathologic diagnosis was 36 with HD and 29 with HAD. The misjudged preoperative diagnosis was made in 10. 5% (4/38) HD patients and 7. 4% (2/27) HAD patients. The HAD patients included 22 (75. 9%) hypoganglionosis (HG) cases and 7 (21.1 %) intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) cases. Among the 27 HAD patients, 27 (93. 1%) had anorectal inhibitory reflex, and varied and delayed reflection waveforms. AChE staining was positive in 12 (41.1%) patients. The results of anorectal manometry and AChE staining of the HAD patients were significantly different from those of the HD patients (P＜0. 01 ). Barium enema of the HAD patients appeared severe expanded rectum which occupied more than 90% space of the pelvic cavity. Redundant sigmoid colon was also found in more than 90% patients. All HAD patients had 24-hour barium retention. Subtotal colectomies were performed on 9 (31. 0%) HAD patients,and 8 (22. 2%) HD patients. Conclusions Anorectal manometry, AChE staining and barium enema are still important in determining the diagnosis and surgical indications for HAD. The efficacy of 3 months or longer conservative treatment is crucial to determine the surgical indications for HAD.     

钉螺肝脏蛋蛋白质双向电泳方法的建立

目的建立针对钉螺肝脏蛋白质组阵列分离的双向电泳方法。方法分析裂解液、细胞破碎、沉淀方法对钉螺肝脏蛋白质提取的影响,并优化双向电泳参数,建立钉螺肝脏蛋白质的提取方法和双向电泳条件。结果LysisⅢ（8mol/L尿素,4%CHAPS,65 mmol/L DTT,40 mmol/L Tris,0.5%IPG Buffer）提取钉螺肝脏总蛋白,2-D Clean-up试剂盒处理纯化总蛋白,等电聚焦参数为8000 v,50000 vh,成功获得了分辨率高、重复性好的双向电泳图谱,凝胶经EMBL银染,可分辨蛋白质斑点数约430个。结论建立了钉螺肝脏蛋白质双向电泳技术,为开展钉螺蛋白质组学研究奠定了良好基础。     

加味麦门冬汤合西药治疗气阴两虚型糖尿病胃轻瘫28例临床研究

目的:观察中西医结合治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫(DGP)的临床疗效.结论:加味麦门冬汤治疗糖尿病胃轻瘫方面疗效确切,具有一定的优势,值得进一步应用和研究.     

107例小儿包茎治疗的临床分析

包茎是小儿的常见疾病，包皮粘连、包皮分离及分离取垢是小儿外科常见的处置。但是，术后包皮粘连复发较多。为了防止包皮粘连复发，寻找保守治疗及预防小儿包茎的方法，我们在包皮分离时使用金因肽在阴茎头及包皮内板处喷洒，术后经常翻转包皮等方法，达到了预防包茎的目的，效果良好。     

湖南省大中学生蠕形螨感染调查

蠕形螨又称毛囊虫，是一种寄生于人和哺乳动物毛囊和皮脂腺内的永久性小型寄生虫。寄生人体的有毛囊蠕形螨（Ｄｅ－ｍｏｄｅｘｆｏｌｉｃｕｌｏｒｕｍ）和皮脂蠕形螨（Ｄ．ｂｒｅｖｉｓ），它们对人体的皮肤产生不同程度的损害，日益引起人们的重视。为了解我省大中学生蠕...