Experiences and complications in endovascular treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms

Endovascular treatment is a promising therapeutic alternative for paraclinoid aneurysms. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and results of endovascular treatment for these lesions. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data, results and complications of endovascular treatment of a series of 47 consecutive patients with paraclinoid aneurysms. Nineteen of these patients presented with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage, and 28 patients were treated for unruptured aneurysms. Endovascular treatment was performed for 50 aneurysms in 47 patients including stent-assisted coiling (19), balloon-assisted coiling (five), coiling without adjunctive techniques (25) and stent alone (one). Technical failures occurred in two patients (one stent deployment failure due to unsuccessful distal access across the aneurysm neck and one coiling failure due to unsuccessful microcatheter navigation through the stent). Periprocedural complications were observed in six patients (12.8%), with permanent morbidity in one patient resulting from a thromboembolic event. Immediate complete occlusion was achieved in 36 aneurysms (72%). During follow up, enlargement of a partially occluded giant aneurysm was observed in one patient, which was treated with parent artery occlusion. No delayed hemorrhagic complications were seen in the remaining patients. Endovascular treatment is technically feasible and safe in most patients with paraclinoid aneurysm, with a low rate of procedural complications.     

神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤

目的探讨神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤的临床疗效及经验.方法回顾性分析16例经神经内镜手术治疗的脑室内肿瘤的临床资料,其中肿瘤单纯位于侧脑室8例,第三脑室6例,同时位于侧脑室和第三脑室2例.结果肿瘤全切除4例,部分切除8例,囊性颅咽管瘤经囊腔内置Ommaya管术后囊腔明显缩小4例.术后根据病理检查对部分病例进行放射治疗.均无明显手术并发症.随访2～36个月,平均15.7个月,无死亡病例,第三脑室内生殖细胞瘤复发1例,第三脑室内囊性颅咽管瘤囊腔扩大1例.结论神经内镜手术治疗脑室内肿瘤具有微创、手术视野好、并发症少等优点,是一种有效的诊疗手段.     

The detoxification mechanisms of low-accumulating and non-low-accumulating medicinal plants under Cd and Pb stress

Recently, the levels of heavy metals in medicinal plants have aroused widespread concern because these elements usually enter the food chain through plants and are gradually passed to the final consumers, greatly threatening human health. To reduce heavy metal pollution, it is necessary to solve the problem from the source to ensure environmental quality during medicinal material production. We use low-accumulating and non-low-accumulating medicinal plants to remediate soil contaminated by Cd and Pb. This experiment aims to study the amino acid levels in root exudates, to study antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves, and to discuss the detoxification mechanisms of low-accumulating and non-low-accumulating medicinal plants under Cd and Pb stress. In soil contaminated with Cd or Pb, catnip, thyme and Fineleaf Schizonepeta Herb were cultivated. Enrichment factor (EF) and translocation factor (TF) levels were calculated to determine which are low-accumulating medicinal plants with respect to Cd or Pb. The relationships between the amino acid levels in root exudates, the levels of antioxidant enzymes, the present heavy metal species, heavy metal concentrations, and plant species were discussed. Under Pb and Cd stress, the total amounts of amino acids secreted by plant roots and the level of each amino acid were associated with the heavy metal concentrations and plant species. Plants alleviate Pb and Cd stress via adding malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes. Thyme can be used as a low-accumulating medicinal plant with any concentration of the heavy metal Pb. These results are of great significance for understanding the chemical behaviors of heavy metals at the root/soil interface under Cd and Pb stress and the detoxification mechanisms of medicinal plants.

Recently, the levels of heavy metals in medicinal plants have aroused widespread concern because these elements usually enter the food chain through plants and are gradually passed to the final consumers, greatly threatening human health.     

宁泌泰胶囊联合头孢哌酮舒巴坦钠治疗急性肾盂肾炎的临床研究

目的探讨宁泌泰胶囊联合注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠治疗急性肾盂肾炎的临床疗效。方法选取2015年2月—2016年2月武汉市黄陂区人民医院收治的急性肾盂肾炎患者84例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组,每组各42例。对照组静脉滴注注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠,1.5 g加入到生理盐水100 m L中,2次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上口服宁泌泰胶囊,4粒/次,3次/d。两组患者连续治疗2周。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组的肾功能和肾间质纤维化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为76.19%、92.86%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr)和微量白蛋白(MAU)水平均显著下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组血清转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)和基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)水平均显著下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且治疗组这些观察指标明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论宁泌泰胶囊联合注射用头孢哌酮钠舒巴坦钠具有较好的临床疗效,能明显改善患者肾功能,降低肾间质纤维化,具有一定的临床推广价值。     

影响药物毒性神经病理学评价质量的主要因素

神经毒性是许多药物或化合物常见的毒副作用。在新药研发早期要进行神经毒性筛选。对于可能通过血脑屏障影响神经系统的小分子药物或疫苗类的生物制品在临床前安全性评价中要进行非人灵长类动物的神经毒性评价。毒性病理学或神经病理学评价是临床前药物神经毒性评价的金标准。针对影响药物毒性神经病理学评价质量的几个主要因素,包括神经病理学评价的一般策略、最佳的评价时机、特殊的神经组织屏障系统、神经组织病理制片中的取材方法以及人工假象对神经病理学诊断的干扰,进行详细的解析,以期为我国神经毒性评价指导原则的制定和药物非临床神经毒性研究提供参考。     

滋肾育胎丸联合氯米芬治疗排卵障碍性不孕症的疗效观察

目的探究滋肾育胎丸联合氯米芬治疗排卵障碍性不孕症的临床疗效。方法选取2015年2月—2016年12月海南省妇幼保健院生殖医学中心门诊收治的141例排卵障碍性不孕症患者,随机分为对照组(70例)和治疗组(71例)。对照组患者口服枸橼酸氯米芬胶囊,月经规律者在月经第5天开始服药,闭经或月经无规律者则在黄体酮诱导撤退性出血后第5天开始服药,50 mg/次,1次/d,连续服用5 d;月经周期的第10天开始隔日超声监测卵泡及子宫内膜生长情况,当优势卵泡直径18 mm时,肌肉注射人绒毛膜促性腺激素(HCG)10 000 U。治疗组在对照组的治疗基础上口服滋肾育胎丸,自月经周期第5天开始,5 g/次,3次/d,连续治疗20 d。所有患者均连续治疗4~6个月经周期。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后成熟卵泡数、子宫内膜厚度、宫颈黏液评分及内分泌激素变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为81.43%、94.37%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者成熟卵泡数、宫颈黏液评分均显著升高,治疗组子宫内膜厚度显著升高,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组成熟卵泡数、子宫内膜厚度、宫颈黏液评分显著高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。肌肉注射HCG当日,两组患者血清雌二醇(E2)、黄体生成素(LH)、卵泡刺激素(FSH)水平均显著高于月经周期第5天时水平,而血清睾酮(T)水平显著降低,同组治疗前后差异有统计学意义(P0.05);HCG日,治疗组E_2、LH、FSH水平高于对照组,T水平低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。对照组和治疗组的不良反应发生率分别为20.00%、7.04%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论滋肾育胎丸联合氯米芬治疗排卵障碍性不孕症具有较好的临床疗效,可明显改善患者的内分泌水平,安全性较高,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

复方骨肽注射液联合玻璃酸钠治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床研究

目的 探讨复方骨肽注射液联合玻璃酸钠注射液治疗膝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效。方法 选取2013年6月—2015年6月榆林市第一医院收治的膝关节骨性关节炎患者192例,随机分为玻璃酸钠组、骨肽组和联合组,每组各64例。玻璃酸钠组清除关节积液后关节腔内注射玻璃酸钠注射液,25 mg/次,1次/周,治疗5周;骨肽组静脉滴注复方骨肽注射液,4~10 m L加入生理盐水250 m L中,1次/d,治疗20 d。联合组采用玻璃酸钠注射液和复方骨肽注射液联合治疗,用法用量、疗程同玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组。观察3组的临床疗效,比较血清学指标和视觉模拟评分(VAS)情况。结果 治疗后,玻璃酸钠组、骨肽组和联合组总有效率分别为73.44%、75.00%、90.63%,联合组总有效率明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,3组基质金属蛋白酶-3(MMP-3)、基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1(TIMP-1)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平均明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且联合组这些指标下降程度明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,3组VAS评分均明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);且联合组VAS评分下降程度明显优于玻璃酸钠组和骨肽组,3组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论 静脉滴注复方骨肽注射液联合关节腔注射玻璃酸钠注射液治疗膝关节骨性关节炎具有较好的临床疗效,能改善临床症状,调节血清学指标,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。