Differences in COVID-19 Preventive Behavior and Food Insecurity by HIV Status in Nigeria

AIDS and Behavior - The aim of the study was to assess if there were significant differences in the adoption of COVID-19 risk preventive behaviors and experience of food insecurity by people living...     

对我国高血压较低发区广东的三个人群膳食结构的评价

目的：研究我国高血压患病率较低发区的广东三个人群膳食结构特点，以利于找出预防高血压合理的膳食模型。方法：应用食物频数法，对广东三个主要地方方言及地理环境不同的２５岁以上成人共９２６人，进行膳食营养因素的分析。结果：平均每人每天膳食营养素的摄入量为：蛋白质热量占总热量摄入的１７．５％，脂肪占２０．１％，碳水化合物占６１．２％；本文显示广东人群的饮食特点是较高优质蛋白质和较低钠摄入。结论：提示该膳食模式有利于广东人群的血压维持在较低水平     

Correlation study of in vitro tests with clinical response to ALG therapy in patients with severe aplastic anemia

Fourteen patients with severe aplastic anemia were treated with antilymphocyte globulin (ALG). Eight were studied with co-culture of patient's lymphocytes with normal bone marrow cells. Suppression of CFU-C was prevented by pretreatment of T lymphocytes with anti-T lymphocyte McAb in four patients and concordance with clinical outcome was observed only in two patients. Conclusive in vivo therapy result for this correspondence are lacking. Seven patients received fetal liver cell suspension infusion 24-36 hours after completing ALG therapy and remission were "more complete" in three cases with good response. Response of treatment in the fourteen patients was as follows: eight had complete or partial responses and the remaining did not respond or died (42.8%).     

Altered gray matter structural covariance networks at both acute and chronic stages of mild traumatic brain injury

Cognitive and emotional impairments observed in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) patients may reflect variances of brain connectivity within specific networks. Although previous studies found altered functional connectivity (FC) in mTBI patients, the alterations of brain structural properties remain unclear. In the present study, we analyzed structural covariance (SC) for the acute stages of mTBI (amTBI) patients, the chronic stages of mTBI (cmTBI) patients, and healthy controls. We first extracted the mean gray matter volume (GMV) of seed regions that are located in the default-mode network (DMN), executive control network (ECN), salience network (SN), sensorimotor network (SMN), and the visual network (VN). Then we determined and compared the SC for each seed region among the amTBI, the cmTBI and the healthy controls. Compared with healthy controls, the amTBI patients showed lower SC for the ECN, and the cmTBI patients showed higher SC for the both DMN and SN but lower SC for the SMN. The results revealed disrupted ECN in the amTBI patients and disrupted DMN, SN and SMN in the cmTBI patients. These alterations suggest that early disruptions in SC between bilateral insula and the bilateral prefrontal cortices may appear in amTBI and persist into cmTBI, which might be potentially related to the cognitive and emotional impairments.

     

A study of prevention and regression of cardiac hypertrophy with a prolactin inhibitor in a biological model of ventricular hypertrophy caused by aorto caval fistulae in rat

BackgroundThe possibility of decreasing or reverting left ventricular hypertrophy and, therefore, cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is an important medical issue. The aim of the present study was to evaluate these two possibilities with a 3-week daily dose of captopril, losartan, or bromocriptine in a preventive or corrective model.MethodsAfter aorto caval fistulae (ACF) surgery on adult male Wistar rats to induce CH, animals were assigned to the preventive protocol (drug treatment began immediately after surgery) or corrective protocol (hypertrophy was allowed to develop before drug treatment). After treatments, isoproterenol was administered to half of the animals to further induce CH. The groups included the passive control, the sham-operated animals, those with ACF surgery but without drug treatment, and the 3-week treatments with captopril, losartan, or the low or high dose of bromocriptine.ResultsThree treatments, with captopril, losartan, or the high dose of bromocriptine, significantly impeded/reverted an increase in CH-related parameters in the preventive/corrective model compared to the surgically treated group without drug treatment. The same effect was found after isoproterenol administration. The present results show an avoidance/reversion of CH with these three treatments. Better results were found with the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (captopril) than with the prolactin inhibitor (bromocriptine).ConclusionsTreatments with captopril, losartan, and the high dose of bromocriptine were effective in preventing/reversing the manifestation of CH in the preventive/corrective rat models. Further studies are needed to identify the initial mediator, the key component, and the molecular events involved in the pathogenesis of CH.     

CD44V6对实验性大肠癌肝转移影响的实验研究

目的:研究 CD44V6在大肠癌肝转移中的作用,探索一种有效的抗肿瘤转移方法。方法:应用大肠癌肝转移模型来研究 CD44v6单抗对大肠癌 HT29、Lovo 细胞裸鼠实验性肝转移的影响,分析 CD44V6单抗在抗大肠癌肝转移中的作用。结果:CD44V6单抗能有效阻断裸鼠实验性大肠癌肝转移的发生。     

Metabolomics revealed decreased level of omega‐3 PUFA‐derived protective eicosanoids in pregnant women with pre‐eclampsia

Pre‐eclampsia (PE) is considered a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in pregnant women worldwide. Eicosanoids derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) might play an important role in the occurrence and development of PE. Omega‐3 PUFAs are nutrients that are popular supplements for pregnant women and can reduce blood pressure. However, the levels of eicosanoids derived from omega‐3 PUFAs in women with PE is not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the eicosanoid metabolic signature of PE. We performed a case–control study using data for pregnant women (n = 10) with PE and normotensive pregnant women (n = 10). We investigated the difference in eicosanoid profile between the groups by LC‐MS/MS‐based metabolomics. The plasma levels of arachidonic acid metabolites and some of the lipoxygenase metabolites of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) showed an increasing trend, and those of the cytochrome P450 metabolites of EPA and DHA were decreased in women with PE. Levels of leukotriene B4, 14,15‐dihydroxy‐eicosatetraenoate, 16‐hydroxydocosahexaenoic acid and 8,9‐epoxy eicosatetraenoic acid were significantly correlated with PE occurrence. These eicosanoids might take part in the progression of PE in pregnant women.