长沙市诺如病毒感染性腹泻爆发疫情调查分析

目的了解长沙市某中学腹泻爆发的原因及流行病学特征。方法对该起腹泻病爆发疫情进行现场流行病学调查分析。结果3月6～3月16日，该中学有160名学生出现恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状；随机采集19名病人粪便或肛拭子作诺如病毒核酸检测，其中阳性14份，根据患者的临床症状体征、流行病学调查、实验室检测，排除了食物中毒等因素，确定为一起诺瓦克样病毒胃肠炎爆发疫情。结论经启动突发公共卫生事件应急预案，采取综合防制措施，所有患者全部痊愈，无后遗症、无死亡，成功地控制了这起疫情。     

抗癌复方天仙胶囊稳定性实验研究

主要报道了复方天仙胶囊的稳定性实验，对室温存放1～3年的样品进行鉴别试验及紫外光谱吸收值测定，并考察了对热、湿、光的加速试验。结果表明未发生特殊变化。     

Transient relaxation of rat mesenteric microvessels by ceramides

We have investigated the vasodilating effects of D-erythro-C2-ceramide (C2-ceramide) in methoxamine-contracted rat mesenteric microvessels. C2-ceramide (10 - 100 microM) caused a concentration-dependent, slowly developing relaxation which reached maximum values after approximately 10 min and partially abated thereafter. Endothelium removal or inhibitors of guanylyl cyclase (3 microM ODQ), protein kinase A (10 microM H7, 1 microM H89) and various types of K(+) channels (10 microM BaCl(2), 3 mM tetraethylammonium, 30 nM charybdotoxin, 30 nM iberiotoxin, 300 nM apamine, 10 microM glibenclamide) had only small if any inhibitory effects against C2-ceramide-induced vasodilation, but some of them attenuated vasodilation by sodium nitroprusside or isoprenaline. A combination of ODQ and charybdotoxin almost completely abolished C2-ceramide-induced vasodilation. A second administration of C2-ceramide caused a detectable but weaker relaxation. L-threo-C2-ceramide (100 microM), which should not be a substrate to ceramide metabolism, had no biphasic time course. The ceramidase inhibitor (1S,2R)-D-erythro-2-(N-myristoylamino)-1-phenyl-1-propanol (100 microM) alone caused some vasodilation, indicating vasodilation by endogenous ceramides, and also hastened relaxation by exogenous C2-ceramide. The late-developing reversal of C2-ceramide-induced vasodilation was absent when alpha-adrenergic tone was removed by addition of 10 microM phentolamine. We conclude that C2-ceramide relaxes rat resistance vessels in an endothelium-independent manner which is prevented only by combined inhibition of guanylyl cyclase and charybdotoxin-sensitive K(+) channels. The vasodilation abates with time partly due to desensitization of the ceramide response and partly due to metabolism of C2-ceramide to an inactive metabolite.     

TNF—α或mmLDL对人脐静脉内皮细胞PAI—1的细胞及其机制

目的：探讨肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF－α）或弱氧化修饰低密度脂蛋白（mmLDL)对人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs)PAI－1活性和mRNA表达的影响及其分子机制。方法：用发色底物法测定HUVECs培养液中PAI－1的活性,用Northern印迹分析法检测PAI－1基因mRNA的表达情况,并分别用蛋白激酶C（PKC）或促分裂原活化蛋白激酶激酶（MAPKK）抑制剂干预上述诱导实验。结果：TNF－α或mmLDL作用HUVEC后,PAI－1活性和mRNA基因表达均明显增加,促分裂原活化蛋白激酶－激酶（MAPKK）的抑制剂PD98059（60μmol/L)能明显阻断TNF－α（100U／ml)或mmLDL(50μg/ml)对PAI－1活性和mRNA的诱导,但PKC的抑制剂Staurosporine(10nmoo/L)和H7（15μmol/L)无显著阻断作用。结论：（1）TNFα或mmLDL能增强血管内皮细胞PAI－1尖性与mRNA表达;（2）PAI－1活性提高与其mRNA表达增加有关。（3）MAPK途径可能在TNF-α或mmLDL诱导血管内皮细胞PAI－1表达中起重要作用。     

The estrogen receptor is not essential for all estrogen neuroprotection: new evidence from a new analog

We synthesized an estrogen analog, ZYC-5, lacking activity at the classical estrogen receptor and examined its neuroprotective potential against necrosis induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and apoptosis/necrosis induced by the NMDA receptor antagonist (+)-3-(2-carboxypiperazine-4-yl)-propyl-1-phosphonic acid (CPP). ZYC-5 protected cortical neurons in a dose-dependent manner, and the neuroprotection was more robust than with 17beta-estradiol. The effect of ZYC-5 was not mediated by the classical estrogen receptor, because it was unaffected by the antagonists 4-hydroxytamoxifen and ICI 182,780. The ZYC-5 protection against excitotoxicity was not directly mediated through the NMDA receptor, because there was no effect of ZYC-5 on NMDA current or the intracellular calcium increase induced by NMDA. Results obtained with the free-radical-sensitive dye, dihydroethidium, suggested that the neuroprotection of ZYC-5 was partly related to its radical scavenging properties. Although some of estrogen's neuroprotective effects may depend upon the estrogen receptor, our results suggest the possibility of neuroprotection without hormonal side effects.     

Expression of Heat Shock Protein 70 and 27 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Clinical Significance

The heat shock proteins （HSPs） 70 and HSP 27 expression in patients with non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） was studied and the relation.ship between HSP 70 and HSP 27 with the clinicopathological features of NSCLC was investigated. The expression of HSP 70 and HSP 27 was detected in tumor tissues from 60 patients with NSCLC by S-P immunohistochemistry. The findings were analyzed in combination with the histological types, histopathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, patients＇ clinical stages, smoking history and gender. The results showed that of the 60 NSCLC tissue specimens studied, the immunoreactivity of HSP 70 and HSP 27 was detected in 47 （78.3 %） and 43 （71.7 %） specimens, respectively. A positive correlation was found between the overexpression of HSP 70 and HSP 27. The histopathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, clinical stages and smoking history were correlated to the expression of HSP 70, but not to the expression of HSP 27. No statistical significance was observed in histological types and gender with respect to both HSP 70 and HSP 27 expression. It is suggested that the HSP 70 expression is a powerful and significant prognostic indicator and is related to histopathological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, patients＇ clinical stages, smoking history, whereas HSP 27 expression is not.     

I-Cell disease,mucolipidosis II

Pathological, histochemical, ultrastructural and biochemical studies on 4 cases of I-cell disease are reported. These studies support a lysosomal defect with deficiency of many acid hydrolases and storage of both glycolipids and mucopolysaccharides within lysosomes. The clinical, pathological and biochemical spectra of I-cell disease in these 4 cases suggest three distinct nosologic entities: a prototype, a malignant infantile form and a more benign juvenile type. Consanguinity was present in one of the cases. An autosomal recessive mode of inheritance seems most likely.Supported in part by NIH Grants GM 08217, GM 15422, 5 KO4 HD 18982, HD 04583, and 06426, by a Grant from The National Foundation—March of Dimes and by Grant Sp 63/2 of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. Contributed in part, as paper No. 1587 from the University of Wisconsin Genetics Laboratory.     

SjAWMMcAb对吡喹酮杀虫效果的影响

目的 :制备日本血吸虫成虫表膜单克隆抗体 (SjAWMMcAb) ,探讨其与吡喹酮在宿主体内的联合杀虫作用。方法 :用SP2 / 0骨髓瘤细胞与日本血吸虫成虫表膜抗原免疫的BALB/c小鼠脾细胞融合 ,经筛选和克隆化后建立分泌日本血吸虫成虫表膜抗原单克隆抗体杂交瘤细胞株 ,通过单层细胞培养法和小鼠体内接种法收集单克隆抗体 ;采用Westernblotting和免疫荧光测定 (IFA)对其进行鉴定 ;小鼠实验观察单抗与吡喹酮的联合杀虫作用。结果 :建立了 3个分泌SjAWMMcAb的细胞株 ,Westernblotting显示 3个McAb可识别 5种不同分子量的蛋白 ,IFA表明 3个McAb均能与血吸虫成虫表膜发生特异性反应 ,3B6和 1C2两株McAbs与吡喹酮联用杀虫率分别可提高 4 1.78%和 2 4 .12 %。结论 :某些SjAWMMcAb与吡喹酮可发挥联合杀虫作用     

人间充质干细胞在骨组织工程中的应用

目的从数量与功能两方面探讨人间充质干细胞(humanmesenchymalstemcells,hMSCs)作为骨组织工程种子细胞的可行性。方法髂骨穿刺,梯度离心分离获得hMSCs,体外扩增培养;对第3代细胞用地塞米松、β-甘油磷酸、维生素C等成骨诱导培养,检测细胞碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素的表达和钙结节形成情况;诱导细胞与可吸收性复合支架材料体外构建复合体,植入裸小鼠皮下,对照组仅植入支架材料,术后3周取材检测骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原表达。结果4ml骨髓含3.2×107～6.0×107个单个核细胞,培养3周收获hMSCs2.5×107～4.3×107;成骨诱导后,表达碱性磷酸酶、骨钙素阳性细胞数>50%,对照组<10%;诱导细胞与材料复合后植入体内仍然高表达骨钙素、Ⅰ型胶原。结论hMSCs能够满足体外构建组织工程化骨,对种子细胞数量和功能的要求。     

Neuroprotective effects of an estratriene analog are estrogen receptor independent in vitro and in vivo

Estrogens are potent neuroprotectants both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we compared the potency and efficacy of a non-feminizing estrogen, 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-methylestrone (ZYC-26), with its parent estrogen, estrone, and an expected non-neuroprotective 3-O-methyl analog of (17beta)-2-(1-adamantyl)estradiol (ZYC-23). These estratriene derivatives were tested for their ability to protect in an in vitro lipid peroxidation model, to neuroprotect against oxidative stress in cell culture models, to bind the estrogen receptors (ERalpha and ERbeta), to elicit uterotrophic effects, and to affect brain damage from transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. We observed that in contrast to estrone, neither ZYC-26 nor ZYC-23 bound to either estrogen receptors (ER) and both failed to elicit a uterotrophic response. In vitro, the active estrogen analogue ZYC-26 was more potent that estrogen in its ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation and to protect HT-22 cells from either glutamate or iodoacetic acid (IAA) toxicity. Further, ZYC-26 was as active in preventing brain damage from transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) as was estrone. Collectively, these studies suggest that the antioxidant activity, rather than ER binding of non-feminizing estrogens such as ZYC-26, mediates their potent neuroprotective activity. Further, in view of the now known toxicities of chronic feminizing estrogen use in older women, non-feminizing estrogens may be a useful alternative for estrogen-induced brain protection.