Does the perception of downloading speed influence the evaluation of web-based lectures?

Medical schools put little emphasis upon education on public health, even though public health has played an important role in this century. One way to harness its benefit in order to improve global health in the 21st century is to globally share lectures on public health through the Internet. We have developed the Supercourse comprising of web-based learning modules on epidemiology in a standardized format with the size of each web page less than 10 kilobytes. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted to investigate the association of the perception of the access speed to Web-based lectures by teachers with their perception of lecture quality. There were 223 teachers who rated the lectures: 72% were from North America or Western Europe, 40% had taught epidemiology, and 14% reported that the speed of access was slow. Odds ratio of above-average rating among those who reported that the speed of access was fast relative to those who reported that the speed of access was slow was 4.25 (2.03-8.91; P = 0.001). The odds ratios were similar and significant after taking into account several other factors, including the variation of rating across lectures, region, and experiences in teaching epidemiology. The results indicate that the perception of the quality of Web-based lectures is related to the speed of access to a web page. The speed of access may be as important, if not more important, as the content itself. This suggests that, to share educational materials on the Web globally for teachers, one must consider not only the content, but also how people at local sites gain access to the Internet.     

Detection of colonic polyps on single-contrast barium enema study: emphasis on the elderly

A systems approach was employed to improve results of the single-contrast barium enema examination for detection of colonic polyps. Improvements were made in each of the following areas: radiographic-fluoroscopic equipment, fluoroscopic-television images, screen-film combinations, barium suspensions, examination techniques, imaging sequences, and quality controls. Radiologic-endoscopic correlation was undertaken for 137 colonic polyps seen endoscopically in 91 patients. The average age of the patients was 69 years. The sensitivity of the single-contrast examination for detection of all polyps was 80%. Polyps 5-9 mm in size were detected with 66% sensitivity, while 94% of polyps 10 mm or larger were detected. The results indicate that the sensitivity of a suitably performed single-contrast barium enema examination may approach that of the double-contrast study for the detection of colonic polyps, even in an elderly and infirm patient population.     

Excretory urography in the emergency department: utility of teleradiology

To test the feasibility of teleradiology for use with excretory urograms obtained in the emergency department in cases for suspected renal colic, radiographs from 43 patients were digitized, transmitted via standard phone lines, and viewed on a video monitor 2 miles distant. Diagnostic interpretations of the video image and the original radiograph were reviewed for degree of concordance. The video and film images of the 27 examinations showing obstruction were interpreted with 100% correlation. Agreement as to the site of obstruction was present in 93% of cases. Only two-thirds of renal and ureteral calculi seen on the radiographs were discerned on the video images, however. Teleradiology proved as useful for ongoing monitoring and modification of these examinations as for initial interpretation.     

Now the New Year reviving old desires

So then, another year, but the same old desires revived indeed.Rather than take a Latin text as a point of departure for thiseditorial, as has been my past habit [1], I have chosen to considerthe Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam, here in its most famous Englishtranslation, that of Edward Fitzgerald. The 11th century Persian scholar, Omar Khayyam, who we todayremember mostly as the poet author of the quatrains, was during     

Accuracy of dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry of the lumbar spine: cadaver study

Dual-energy radiographic absorptiometry (DRA) was used to measure the bone mineral content and area density of lumbar vertebrae (L2-L3) in 11 cadavers. These data were subsequently compared with measured ash content and density. Excellent correlation was obtained between bone mineral content measured with DRA and ash weight (r = .963, P less than .0001). The accuracy error in determining mineral content in lumbar vertebrae with DRA was about 9%. In addition, strong correlation was observed between bone mineral density measured with DRA and ash density (r = .881, P less than .0001).     

蜂胶乔松素对脂多糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞的保护作用

目的:观察蜂胶乔松素对脂多糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞的影响,探讨其对人脐静脉内皮细胞可能的保护作用。方法:实验于2006-03/10在泰山医学院生命科学研究所(省重点实验室)完成。①实验材料:取出生1h内新生儿脐带,患者知情同意。②实验分组及方法:培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,建立脂多糖损伤模型(以10mg/L的脂多糖培养液培养细胞12h),实验分为空白对照组(加等量D-Hank’s液)、脂多糖组(10mg/L)、乔松素组(加10mg/L脂多糖预孵育12h后,按50,100,200mg/L分别加入乔松素),各组设8个复孔,共同孵育24h。③实验评估:光镜下观察细胞形态,MTT法观察乔松素对人脐静脉内皮细胞活性的影响,ELISA方法检测培养上清中血管假血友病因子的含量,TUNEL检测细胞凋亡率。结果:①细胞形态:空白对照组细胞紧密贴壁,呈铺路石状生长。脂多糖组可见多数细胞呈圆形;乔松素组见上述细胞较脂多糖组明显减少。②乔松素对人脐静脉内皮细胞活性、凋亡及血管假血友病因子含量的影响:与对照组比较,脂多糖组能明显诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞的凋亡(P<0.01),不同浓度乔松素组可改善内皮细胞形态,组织活性明显升高(P<0.05),同时抑制内皮细胞血管假血友病因子的释放(P<0.05),使脂多糖诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞凋亡细胞数明显减少(P<0.05)。结论:乔松素能增强人脐静脉内皮细胞活性,抑制脂多糖诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞的凋亡,从而发挥可能的内皮细胞保护功能。     

Non-invasive trigeminal evoked potentials: normative aging data

A mild electric shock applied to the lower lip was used to elicit reliable evoked potentials from the trigeminal nerve in 50 normal adults who ranged in age from 20 to 69 years. The waveforms were morphologically similar to those observed with invasive procedures. No substantial effects for subject age, side of stimulation, or recording electrode were obtained for any of the individual trigeminal evoked potential amplitudes or latencies. Female subjects tended to have somewhat larger amplitudes and shorter latencies than male subjects. The results suggest that non-invasive procedures produce reliable evoked potential measures of trigeminal nerve function for patients of all ages.     

自体造血干细胞的体外净化

目的:综合分析自体造血干细胞体外净化的方法。资料来源:应用计算机检索Medline 1991-01/2003-12有关自体造血干细胞体外净化方法的文章,检索词“purging,HSCT”,并限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索CNKI数据库1991-01/2003-12有关自体造血干细胞体外净化方法的文章,检索词“体外净化,PUVA”,并限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对相关资料进行整理,选取同一领域、不同方面的文献,以近期发表或权威杂志的文章优先。资料提炼:共检索到42篇有关自体造血干细胞体外净化方法的文献,其中24篇文章符合要求。排除18篇,其中15篇系重复同一研究,3篇为Meta分析。资料综合:自体造血干细胞的体外净化方法很多,如物理方法、生物学方法、药物方法、免疫净化、基因净化等。每种净化方法都有其各自的优势和不足,如淋巴系统疾病可以采用免疫净化;慢性粒细胞白血病患者可考虑反义技术;大多数患者则均可以考虑药物净化的方法。结论:针对不同的疾病,可以选择不同的净化方法,还可以将几种净化方法联合起来,其效果和方法的改进也在不断的研究探索中。