蝎毒多肽提取物对肺癌荷瘤裸鼠血流变学的影响

目的观察蝎毒多肽提取物（PESV）对肺癌荷瘤裸鼠血流变学的影响。方法移植肺癌荷瘤裸鼠随机分为PESV组（皮下注射PESV）与对照组（皮下注射生理盐水）。采用FASCO-300型全自动表观黏度快测仪对两组的全血黏度进行检测。结果与对照组相比，PESV组血流变学指标均有不同程度的降低，尤其是全血低切表观黏度、全血高切表观黏度、Casson黏度、Casson屈服应力均明显低于对照组（P〈0．01）。结论PESV可降低荷瘤裸鼠血液黏度，对肺癌荷瘤裸鼠肿瘤转移能力有明显的抑制作用。     

单亲大学生心理健康状况及心理问题的教育对策研究

目的针对单亲大学生心理健康问题提供有效的教育对策．方法针对大学新生开展16PF调查并发现单亲大学生的心理问题。结果本次测查共测量被试8302人，删除部分无效量表．实际有效数据为7742人，问卷有效率为93．27％．以一般情况问卷中“是否是单亲家庭子女”回答“是”的．作为单亲大学生的认定标准，检出单亲家庭子女555人，占总人数的7．17%，其中男生占40．0％．女生60．0％．17．5％的单亲出现各种心理问题．调查表明．单亲家庭子女与非单亲家庭子女相比，在乐群性和怀疑性两个因子有显着区别。事实上也表现为与正常大学生心理健康状况的显着差异。结论单亲大学生心理问题表现为：自卑心理、怀旧心理、逆反心理、猜疑心理等等。教育对策：加强社会教育系统、学校教育系统、家庭教育对单亲大学生心理的干预与影响，同时．单亲大学生遗要加强心理健康的自我教育．以多元系统帮助他们形成健全人格。     

正中神经与肌皮神经的交通支及其临床意义

目的观察正中神经与肌皮神经之间的交通支，探讨其临床意义。方法对72侧防腐固定尸体解剖，对正中神经、肌皮神经之间的交通支进行测量与观察，并对不同类型交通支的结果进行比较。结果13人，16侧肢体存在18支交通支，出现率22．2％，男性与女性相比出现率高且差异显著，左右肢体的出现率无显著差异。其中肌皮神经从正中神经低位发出的有2支，正中神经-肌皮神经的交通支（Ⅰ型）与肌皮神经-正中神经的交通支（Ⅱ型）相比起、止点低，交通支较长，但直径细（Ⅰ型14．2～23．0cm，止点为11．0～21．5cm，长度为2．5～10．7cm，直径为0．55～2．15mm；Ⅱ型起点为0～17．ocm，止点为12．0～24．0cm，长度为1．9～8．4cm，直径为0．76～2．60mm）但两者差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论正中神经与肌皮神经之间存在着交通支，并起着一定的功能，手术时应注意加以保护，避免损伤。     

肝移植术后胆道并发症的介入治疗

目的 探讨原位肝移植术后胆道并发症的介入治疗疗效。方法 回顾性分析我院2002年6月至2005年9月诊治的173例原位肝移植患者的临床资料。结果 术后出现胆道并发症14例（8．1％），其中胆管狭窄6例．胆管狭窄合并胆漏1例，胆泥淤积或结石3例，肝断面胆漏2例（劈离式肝移植患者），T管拔除后胆漏1例，Oddi括约肌功能失常1例。除1例胆道狭窄再次行肝移植，因发生严重感染导致肝功能衰竭死亡外．其余患者经介入治疗均获得满意的效果。结论 介入治疗是诊断和治疗肝移植术后胆道并发症的首选方法。     

Serial CT findings of Paragonimus infested dogs and the Micro-CT findings of the worm cysts.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the serial CT findings of Paragonimus westermani infected dogs and the microscopic structures of the worm cysts using Micro-CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was approved by the committee on animal research at our institution. Fifteen dogs infected with P. westermani underwent serial contrast-enhanced CT scans at pre-infection, after 10 days of infection, and monthly thereafter until six months for determining the radiologic-pathologic correlation. Three dogs (one dog each time) were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months, respectively. After fixation of the lungs, both multi-detector CT and Micro-CT were performed for examining the worm cysts. RESULTS: The initial findings were pleural effusion and/or subpleural ground-glass opacities or linear opacities at day 10. At day 30, subpleural and peribronchial nodules appeared with hydropneumothorax and abdominal or chest wall air bubbles. Cavitary change and bronchial dilatation began to be seen on CT scan at day 30 and this was mostly seen together with mediastinal lymphadenopathy at day 60. Thereafter, subpleural ground-glass opacities and nodules with or without cavitary changes were persistently observed until day 180. After cavitary change of the nodules, the migratory features of the subpleural or peribronchial nodules were seen on all the serial CT scans. Micro-CT showed that the cyst wall contained dilated interconnected tubular structures, which had communications with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus. CONCLUSION: The CT findings of paragonimiasis depend on the migratory stage of the worms. The worm cyst can have numerous interconnected tubular channels within its own wall and these channels have connections with the cavity and the adjacent distal bronchus.     

日本血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶编码基因的克隆与序列测定

目的克隆和鉴定日本血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶(SjTPI)编码基因,为寻找血吸虫病的候选疫苗联合应用打基础.方法设计合成引物,抽提日本血吸虫成虫总RNA,用RT-PCR法从中扩增出SjTPI基因编码序列,将其克隆入pGEM-T载体,用双酶切、以重组质粒为模板进行PCR扩增和测序进行鉴定.结果 RT-PCR法从成虫总RNA中扩增出大小为759 bp SjTPI基因编码序列,重组质粒pGEM-SjTPI经双酶切、PCR扩增,均可获得一条与RT-PCR产物一致的DNA片段,序列测定结果表明具有一个长度为759 bp的完整开放阅读框,与日本血吸虫(菲律宾株)和曼氏血吸虫磷酸丙糖异构酶核苷酸序列有高度同源性(分别为99%和88%).结论该实验成功地克隆了SjTPI编码基因,为进一步研究提供了条件.     

40例电视胸腔镜手术体会

目的 探讨电视胸腔镜(VATS)手术的优点、适应证和手术技巧。方法 回顾总结VATS手术40例。病种有原发性自发性气胸20例，多发性肺大疱3例，Ⅰ期肺癌3例等。手术方式有肺大疱切除23例，肺叶切除术3例(辅助小切口)，肺楔形切除4例，纵隔肿瘤切除术3例，结核瘤切除1例，活检3例，胸膜粘连术3例，射频消融1例，纤维板剥脱术1例。结果 本组病例手术时间平均65分钟，失血量少于100ml，中转开胸2例，术后胸液总量平均150ml。胸管置留时间1～7天，平均住院时间7．8天，无气胸、良性肿瘤和结核复发，恶性胸水明显减少或消失，无持续漏气、二次开胸止血和手术死亡等并发症。结论 VATS手术适应证范围较广，微创出血少，美观，恢复快，只要掌握了手术技巧，操作便捷，并发症少，疗效满意。     

霍奇金淋巴瘤组织中H／RS细胞与其背景细胞的微切割及其IgH基因重排检测

目的 从基因水平探讨霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)组织中H／RS细胞(Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells)是否起源于B细胞、H／RS细胞的克隆性以及与背景淋巴细胞的相互关系。方法 对33例经典霍奇金淋巴瘤(cHL)石蜡刮片组织进行IgH基因重排分析，并对其中6例重排阳性的病例经B细胞特异性激活蛋白(BSAP)免疫标记，将标记阳性的H／RS细胞和背景淋巴细胞进行微切割后进一步行IgH基因重排分析。结果 16例石蜡刮片组织IgH基因重排阳性。对6例经BSAP标记的cHL成功进行了微切割，其中19管H／RS细胞中，有14管出现重排阳性，细胞数目不同的各管阳性率无显著性差异(P=0．290)；12管背景淋巴细胞有2管出现重排阳性，H／RS细胞与背景淋巴细胞的阳性率有显著性差异(P=0．002)。结论 支持H／RS细胞来源于B细胞的理论，认为部分背景淋巴细胞可能具有瘤性增生活性，参与H／RS细胞的前体细胞组成。     

The CLDN5 locus may be involved in the vulnerability to schizophrenia.

The present study was designed to detect three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on 22q11 that was thought as being of particularly importance for genetic research into schizophrenia. We recruited a total of 176 Chinese family trios of Han descent, consisting of mothers, fathers and affected offspring with schizophrenia for the genetic analysis. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) showed that of three SNPs, rs10314 in the 3'-untranslated region of the CLDN5 locus was associated with schizophrenia (chi(2) = 4.75, P = 0.029). The other two SNPs, rs1548359 present in the CDC45L locus centromeric of rs10314 and rs739371 in the 5'-flanking region of the CLDN5 locus, did not show such an association. The global chi-square (chi(2)) test showed that the 3-SNP haplotype system was not associated with schizophrenia although the 1-df test for individual haplotypes showed that the rs1548359(C)-rs10314(G)-rs739371(C) haplotype was excessively non-transmitted (chi(2) = 5.32, P = 0.02). Because the claudin proteins are a major component for barrier-forming tight junctions that could play a crucial role in response to changing natural, physiological and pathological conditions, the CLDN5 association with schizophrenia may be an important clue leading to look into a meeting point of genetic and environmental factors.     

不同月龄自发性高血压大鼠杏仁中央核nNOS免疫阳性神经元的变化

OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-immunopositive neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). METHODS: Thirty SHRs and 30 Wistar-Koyto rats (WKYs) were sacrificed at the ages of 90, 180, and 360 days respectively to observe the changes of nNOS-immunopositive neurons with ABC immunocytochemical assay. RESULTS: No significant changes were observed in the blood pressure of WKY rats at the specified time points, when SHRs maintained significantly higher blood pressures from 20.8+/-1.1 and 26.3+/-1.0 kPa (P<0.05), gradually increasing during the development of hypertension. The nNOS-immunopositive neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus were of moderate sizes with long intersected nerve fibers. No significant changes were found in WKY rats. The number of the positive neurons decreased with age in SHRs, especially obvious at 360 days (P<0.05), which was significantly different from that in the WKYs (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The reduction of nNOS-immunopositive neurons in the central amygdaloid nucleus of SHRs might accelerate the development of hypertension by modulating the cardiovascular function and sensory transmission.