Effect of beta2-glycoprotein I null mutation on reproductive outcome and antiphospholipid antibody-mediated pregnancy pathology in mice

beta(2)-Glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) is a principal target antigen for antiphospholipid antibodies associated with recurrent pregnancy loss and fetal growth restriction in women. The significance of disrupted beta(2)GPI activity in contributing to pregnancy pathology in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is not clear. In this study the physiological requirement for functional beta(2)GPI in pregnancy was investigated by evaluating reproductive outcomes in beta(2)GPI null mutant (beta(2)GPI-/-) mice. beta(2)GPI-/- mice were fertile and carried viable fetuses to term. However, there was an 18% reduction in the number of viable implantation sites in beta(2)GPI-/- mice and reduced fetal weight and fetal:placental weight ratio in late gestation, suggesting compromised placental function. Placental architecture was altered in beta(2)GPI-/- implantation sites with a 24% increase in the junctional zone: labyrinthine ratio, but placentae showed no evidence of increased thrombosis in the absence of beta(2)GPI. The effect of beta(2)GPI genotype on pregnancy success after passive transfer of human and mouse antibodies reactive with beta(2)GPI was also explored. Two of five anti-beta(2)GPI antibodies induced pregnancy loss in beta(2)GPI+/+ mice but beta(2)GPI-/- mice were refractory to antibody-induced pregnancy failure. We conclude that functional beta(2)GPI is not essential for successful pregnancy in mice, but optimal placental development and fetal growth require this molecule. Together these data are consistent with pathogenic mechanisms in antiphospholipid syndrome involving both neutralization of beta(2)GPI function and beta(2)GPI-immunoglobulin complex formation.     

Protein synthesis inhibition blocks the late-phase LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials in rat spinal dorsal horn

Previous studies have demonstrated that in the hippocampus the maintenance of long-term potentiation (LTP) requires de novo protein synthesis. To investigate the role of protein synthesis in the maintenance of LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn, which may be relevant to hyperalgesia, protein synthesis inhibitor (either cycloheximide or anisomycin) was applied locally to the recording segments of spinal cord in anesthetized rats, 30 min prior to tetanic stimulation to the sciatic nerve. We found that both cycloheximide and anisomycin selectively inhibited late-phase maintenance of the spinal LTP but affected neither LTP induction nor baseline responses of C-fiber evoked field potentials. In the presence of cycloheximide, LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials was 281.5 +/- 16.5% (n = 6) of baseline 1 h after tetanic stimulation and the potentiation significantly decreased to 235.5 +/- 18.5% at 145 min after tetanic stimulation (P < 0.05). Afterward, LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials decreased continuously and at 270 min after tetanic stimulation reached 130.8 +/- 18.0%, which was no longer different from baseline (P > 0.05). Spinal application of anisomycin at 30 min before tetanic stimulation yielded similar results (n = 6). These results suggest that protein synthesis may be crucial for the late-phase maintenance of LTP of C-fiber evoked field potentials in spinal dorsal horn.     

Graves''''病患者131I治疗前后血清甲状腺激素水平变化

目的:通过检测Graves'病患者131I治疗前后血清甲状腺激素水平的动态变化,探讨甲状腺轴激素在治疗中的临床意义及治疗后机体免疫反应的变化.方法: 92例131I治疗的Graves'病患者,用放射免疫分析测定治疗前及治疗后3个月,6个月,12个月不同时期甲状腺激素水平(FT3,FT4,TSH,TGA,TMA)变化,统计分析测量结果.结果: FT3水平与正常对照组(80组)比较,治疗前及治疗后3个月均升高,6个月和12个月与对照组比较无明显差异(P＞0.05);FT4水平与治疗前比较,治疗后3个月较治疗前下降(P＜0.05);治疗后6个月及12个月明显下降(P＜0.01);TSH与对照组比较,治疗后3个月低于正常对照组(P＜0.05),治疗后6个月升高最明显,12个月又略低于正常对照组.131I治疗前患者血清TGA、TMA阳性率分别38.0%和32.6%,与治疗后阳性率比较,3个月后下降,6个月后升高最明显,12个月后再度下降.结论:动态观察131I治疗前后 Graves'病患者血清FT3,FT4,TSH,TGA,TMA水平变化,对判断疾病疗效,监测机体免疫反应及预后有重要的临床价值.     

应用细胞芯片荧光原位杂交技术检测弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤3q27重排

目的 研究3q27染色体断裂及bcl-6基因扩增与弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, DLBCL)与其分子分类及治疗效果、临床分期的关系.方法 用细胞芯片荧光原位杂交(fluorescence in situ hybridization,FISH)技术对60例DLBCL的标本进行3q27染色体断裂及bcl-6扩增检测;采用免疫组化S-P法在组织微阵列上同步观测CD20、CD10、bcl-6、MUM1的表达,进行生发中心样(germinat center Bcell-like,GCB)和非生发中心样(non-germinal center B-cell-like, non-GCB)分子分类;通过对临床病例的分析得出与治疗效果及临床分期的信息;统计分析以上各因素之间的关系.结果 在60例DLBCL中,GCB占48.3%(29/60),non-GCB占51.7%(31/60).FISH结果显示,3q27断裂阳性15例,bcl-6基因扩增阳性22例.存在3q27染色体断裂的15例中BCL-6蛋白表达阳性3例(20.0%),阴性12例(80.0%),与无3q27染色体断裂者相比其BCL-6蛋白表达率降低(P=0.017).在60例DLBCL中,bcl-6扩增22例,其中GCB 5例(22.7%),non-GCB 17例(77.3%),与无bcl-6扩增者相比差异有统计学意义(P=0.003).在36例经正规CHOP治疗的DLBCL中,bcl-6扩增15例,其治疗效果显效、部分有效、无效分别为4(26.7%)、4(26.7%)、7(46.7%),与无bcl-6扩增的病例比差异有统计学意义(P=0.016).bel-6扩增与BCL-6蛋白表达及I临床分期的关系差异无统计学.BCL-6蛋白表达阳性组、阴性组与治疗效果及临床分期关系差异无统计学意义.结论 存在bel-6基因断裂的病例,其BCL-6蛋白表达率低.存在bcl-6基因扩增的DLBCL多数为non-GCB,并且治疗效果差,临床分期较晚,可能与DLBCL晚期染色体呈多倍体增加的趋势有关.     

慢性癫痫大鼠海马内GABA_A受体γ_2亚单位的改变──原位杂交组织化学研究

将马桑内酯作腹腔注射诱发大鼠慢性癫痫动物模型。然后，对模型动物和对照动物海马组织进行ＧＡＢＡ_Ａ受体γ_２亚单位的原位杂交组织化学研究。结果表明，慢性癫痫动物海马回和齿状回内的ＧＡＢＡＡ受体γ_２亚单位ｍＲＮＡ较对照组明显减少。提示ＧＡＢＡＡ受体γ_２亚单位可能在癫痫发病机理中起一定作用。     

大、中学生对文化维度的知觉

目的:考察大、中学生对文化维度的知觉的情况和发展趋势。方法:用Trandis编制的个人主义-集体主义量表(Individualism-Collectivism Scale)对1760名大、中学生进行测量。结果:大、中学生对文化维度的知觉存在年龄效应;随着年龄增加,对集体主义维度的知觉从42.05%下降到27.40%,而对个人主义维度的知觉从5.01%上升到18.58%;水平维度的知觉从47.06%下降到40.71%;垂直维度的知觉从4.14%上升到6.19%。结论:大、中学生对文化维度的知觉的差异主要表现在个人主义和集体主义的维度,水平维度和垂直维度有轻微的波动。     

Comparison of an automated enzyme immunoassay with a direct fluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction for the detection ofChlamydia trachomatis in diagnostic specimens from male patients

Endourethral swabs and first-pass urine (FPU) samples from 148 male patients were tested forChlamydia trachomatis by an automated enzyme immunoassay (EIA) (Vidas; bioMérieux, France), a direct fluorescent antibody (DFA) test (MicroTrak; Syva, USA) and two polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods.Chlamydia trachomatis was considered present if a specimen was positive by at least two methods. This expanded criterion identified 27 patients (18%) as truly infected. One of the PCR methods was most sensitive for both types of specimen. When the recommended cut-off value of Vidas was reduced by 50%, its sensitivity on endourethral swabs was comparable to that of the DFA test, but the DFA test performed better with FPU. In general, FPU was suitable only for PCR.     

Lowering the cut off value of an automated chlamydia enzyme immunoassay and confirmation by PCR and direct immunofluorescent antibody test.

AIMS: To increase the sensitivity of an automated chlamydia enzyme immunoassay by significantly lowering its cut off value, and to maintain specificity by confirmation with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and direct immunofluorescent antibody test (DFA). METHODS: Over five months, the cut off value of the enzyme immunoassay used to screen urogenital samples for chlamydia antigen was reduced from 80 to 10. Samples with a test value of 10 or above were further tested with a commercial PCR assay. All samples during the first three months and discrepant samples during the last two months of the study were also tested with the DFA. RESULTS: 3250 urogenital swabs (1246 urethral, 1335 endocervical, 669 pooled urethral/endocervical) from 1246 males and 2004 females were processed. Using the manufacturer's recommended cut off of 80, the enzyme immunoassay identified chlamydia antigen in 134 samples (4.1%). Using the lower cut off value of 10 and either PCR or DFA as the confirmatory test, Chlamydia trachomatis was identified in 178 samples (5.5%). Thus, 45 additional positive samples were identified and the confirmed detection rate was increased by 33.8% (45/133). Excluding equivocal PCR results, the concordance between DFA and PCR was 91.8%. This strategy increased the detection rate by 2.1% in men and 0.9% in women (significant only in men). In female patients, pooled urethral/endocervical swabs as a specimen gave a significantly higher yield than endocervical swabs regardless of whether the lower cut off strategy was used. CONCLUSIONS: This strategy of significantly lowering the cut off test value with confirmation on the same specimen by either PCR or DFA is feasible and cost effective. The use of pooled urethral/ endocervical specimens in females should be considered routinely as detection rate was significantly improved.     

妊娠期糖尿病女性产后自我管理现状及影响因素分析

目的 了解妊娠期糖尿病女性产后一年内自我管理水平及影响因素,为提高妊娠期糖尿病女性产后自我管理水平、制定预防2型糖尿病的针对性策略提供参考依据。方法 2021年1月至9月按多阶段抽样方法抽取海口市5家医院205例既往有妊娠期糖尿病病史的女性进行调查。结果 产后一年内的妊娠期糖尿病女性自我管理处于低水平,得分率为59.6%;多元逐步线性回归分析结果显示,妊娠期糖尿病女性产后自我管理水平的影响因素有职业为医务人员（t=2.206,P=0.029）、文化程度（t=4.028,P＜0.001）、T2DM自我感知风险（t=4.510,P＜0.001）、孕期使用胰岛素情况（t=3.382,P=0.001）、产后新生儿进入NICU（t=-3.675,P＜0.001）、产后行OGTT筛查（t=2.467,P=0.014）、停止母乳喂养（t=3.296,P=0.001）、产后抑郁（t=-3.684,P＜0.001）及自我效能（t=5.257,P＜0.001）。结论 妊娠期糖尿病女性产后一年内的自我管理水平亟待提升,其影响因素较多,医务人员应根据人群不同特征进行针对性指导,从而实现科学有效的自我管理。     

山东省社区空巢老人社会支持与自理能力现状及关联研究

目的 探讨城市社区空巢老人社会支持与自理能力现状,并分析社会支持对空巢老人自理能力的影响。方法 采取多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取山东省城市社区卫生服务机构的2597名空巢老人作为研究对象,采用自编一般资料调查表、社会支持评定量表（SSRS）、日常生活活动能力量表（ADL）进行调查。结果 山东省社区空巢老人社会支持评分为低、中水平占97.2%,ADL受损者占74.1%;社会支持总评分（r=-0.137,P＜0.01）及其主观支持（r=-0.150,P＜0.01）、客观支持（r=-0.086,P＜0.01）维度与日常生活活动能力呈负相关;回归结果显示,不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、患慢性病情况、两周患病情况、社会支持是ADL的影响因素,差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 社区空巢老人自理能力较差,社会支持水平较低,社会支持与空巢老人自理能力呈负相关。通过“政府-社区-家庭”支持系统加强对空巢老人的社会支持,提升老年人自我照顾能力,提高其生活质量。