浙江省在鼠中检测到埃立克体及无形体DNA片段并测序分析

目的:了解鼠中自然感染埃立克体及无形体的状况。方法:用巢式PCR扩增鼠中埃立克体属及嗜粒细胞无形体属16S rDNA的5′末端片段,对阳性产物克隆后测序。结果:在浙江省金华市金东区捕到鼠128只。在黄毛鼠中检到阳性4份,阳性率为3.125%,并对其进行克隆后测序。与Genbank上比对分析,三份与牛埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,无形体属。一份与反刍动物埃立克体相同基因区最为接近,属无形体科,埃立克体属。均为国内首次报道。结论:初步认为浙江省存在埃立克体及无形体病原。黄毛鼠可能为埃立克体及无形体宿主,尚需进一步调查。     

前列腺癌及其癌前病变的细胞核形态特征与DNA含量的定量研究

应用计算机图像分析技术，对３０例前列腺癌（ＰＣ）和３０例前列腺非典型增生（ＰＤ）的石蜡包埋标本进行了核形态定量参数、ＤＮＡ含量的定量测定。结果显示：ＰＤ的核面积明显高于正常细胞而低于ＰＣ（Ｐ＜０．０１）。三级ＰＤ之间，两两相比有非常显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０１）。ＰＤ３与ＰＣ１的核面积有明显交叉，说明ＰＤ３具有ＰＣ的某些特征。正常前列腺上皮细胞与ＰＤ细胞核ＤＮＡ含量及倍体分布近似。ＰＤ１～ＰＤ３细胞核ＤＮＡ含量均值呈递增现象。ＰＣ组织分化程度越低，细胞核ＤＮＡ含量增高越显著，２Ｃ和４Ｃ细胞越少，呈明显相关关系。提示ＤＮＡ含量变化与前列腺癌和癌前病变的细胞分化异常密切相关。     

双侧声带麻痹及固定的治疗：附12例报告

文中总结了１２例双侧声带麻痹或固定的治疗。气道通畅型２例，行病因治疗。气道阻塞型１０例，８例作了气管切开术，声带外移术３例，２例呼吸发音功能恢复较好，１例失败者行一侧声带切除＋喉扩张术。另外２例行Ｔ型管扩张术，均顺利拔管。药物治疗共５例。并讨论各种手术治疗现状。     

全科医学与睡眠医学如何协同发展

全科医学和睡眠医学作为国内目前新兴的两个临床学科,两者在学科建设过程中存在着诸多交集,互补性强,在学科发展和人才培养上存在一定的交叉融合。中国专科医师培训认证制度在人才培养方面为全科医师从事睡眠医学工作开辟了道路,使其有良好的协同发展的基础及必要性。本文分析了目前中国全科医学与睡眠医学两者学科协同发展的基础及学科协同共建的必要性,介绍了南京医科大学附属无锡人民医院在全科医学与睡眠医学学科共建方面取得的经验,并邀请相关专家就目前存在的问题进行讨论。     

翼状胬肉切除术后并发角膜溃疡的危险因素分析

目的 探讨翼状胬肉切除术后并发角膜溃疡的危险因素。方法 选取2017年5月—2022年3月在青岛市中医医院行翼状胬肉切除术的患者153例,统计术后角膜溃疡发生情况,将并发角膜溃疡的患者作为发生组,其余作为未发生组。比较两组患者一般资料,采用多因素Logistic逐步回归模型分析翼状胬肉切除术后并发角膜溃疡的危险因素。结果 153例行翼状胬肉切除术的患者,术后30例并发角膜溃疡作为发生组,其余123例作为未发生组。与未发生组比较,发生组糖尿病、复发性翼状胬肉、手术操作不规范、角膜缝线松动及激素类药物应用不合理的构成比升高（P <0.05）。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,糖尿病[OR=2.678(95%CI:2.013,3.343)]、复发性胬肉[OR=2.280(95%CI:1.659,2.900)]、手术操作不规范[OR=7.036(95%CI:4.152,9.919)]、角膜缝线松动[OR=3.466(95%CI:2.632,4.300)]及激素类药物应用不合理[OR=5.217(95%CI:3.021,7.414)]均是翼状胬肉切除术后并发角膜溃疡的危险因素（P...     

Analysis of microdissected prostate tissue with ProteinChip arrays--a way to new insights into carcinogenesis and to diagnostic tools

Prostate carcinomas are one of the most common malignancies in western societies. The pathogenesis of this tumor is still poorly understood. These tumors present with two characteristic features: epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, which play a pivotal role for tumor development and most of clinically manifest cancers arise in prostate proper compared to a minority of tumors which develop in the transitional zone. Deciphering the epithelial-mesenchymal cross talk and identification of molecular pecularities of the sub-populations of cells in different zones can therefore help understanding carcinogenesis and development of new, non-invasive tools for the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate carcinomas which has remained a challenge until today. A ProteinChip array technology (SELDI = surface enhanced laser desorption ionization) has been developed recently by Ciphergen Biosystems enabling analysis and profiling of complex protein mixtures from a few cells. This study describes the analysis of approximately 500-1000 freshly obtained prostate cells by SELDI-TOF-MS (surface enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry). Pure cell populations of stroma, epithelium and tumor cells were selected by laser assisted microdissection. Multiple specific protein patterns were reproducibly detected in the range from 1.5 to 30 kDa in 28 sub-populations of 4 tumorous prostates and 1 control. A specific 4.3 kDa peak was increased in the prostate tumor stroma compared to normal prostate proper and transitional zone stroma and increased in prostate tumor glands compared to normal prostate proper and transitional zone glands. Coupling laser assisted microdissection with SELDI provides tremendous opportunities to identify cell and tumor specific proteins to understand molecular events underlying prostate carcinoma development. It underlines the vast potential of this technology to better understand pathogenesis and identify potential candidates for new specific biomarkers in general which could help to screen for and distinguish disease entities, i.e. between clinically significant and insignificant carcinomas of the prostate.     

散发性戊型肝炎病毒感染的诊断

用基因工程重组的戊型肝炎病毒基因结构区第二码框架和第二读码框架具有免疫表位的嵌合抗原，建立了间接酶联免疫法，检测散发性急性肝炎病人血清中抗－ＨＥＶＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体。在４６例急性肝炎病人中出抗－ＨＥＶＩｇＧ抗体阳性７例，阳性率为１５．２２％，７例ＩｇＧ抗体阳性中，有５例ＩｇＭ抗体也阳性，占７１．４％。     

Classification of Breast Masses Using Selected Shape,Edge-sharpness,and Texture Features with Linear and Kernel-based Classifiers

Breast masses due to benign disease and malignant tumors related to breast cancer differ in terms of shape, edge-sharpness, and texture characteristics. In this study, we evaluate a set of 22 features including 5 shape factors, 3 edge-sharpness measures, and 14 texture features computed from 111 regions in mammograms, with 46 regions related to malignant tumors and 65 to benign masses. Feature selection is performed by a genetic algorithm based on several criteria, such as alignment of the kernel with the target function, class separability, and normalized distance. Fisher's linear discriminant analysis, the support vector machine (SVM), and our strict two-surface proximal (S2SP) classifier, as well as their corresponding kernel-based nonlinear versions, are used in the classification task with the selected features. The nonlinear classification performance of kernel Fisher's discriminant analysis, SVM, and S2SP, with the Gaussian kernel, reached 0.95 in terms of the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve. The results indicate that improvement in classification accuracy may be gained by using selected combinations of shape, edge-sharpness, and texture features.     

The acetylcholine release enhancer linopirdine induces Fos in neocortex of aged rats

Centrally acting cholinergic agents induce the immediate early gene c-fos in the rat brain resulting in transient increases of Fos protein, most notably in the cerebral cortex. In this study we have monitored by Fos immunohistochemistry the effect of the acetylcholine release enhancer linopirdine (DUP996) on the immediate early gene c-fos in brains of 3 months and 30 months old rats. In young rats linopirdine had only a marginal effect on Fos expression. In contrast, in aged rats linopirdine caused widespread expression of Fos throughout neocortex. In somatosensory cortex, the induction of the c-fos gene by linopirdine was nearly completely blocked by atropine and scopolamine and strongly attenuated by the NMDA receptor blockers CPP and MK-801. The results suggest that the age-related decline in acetylcholine release in rodents can be partially compensated for by administration of linopirdine.