长链非编码RNA TUG1调控miR-138-5p对骨肉瘤细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA(LncRNA)牛磺酸调节基因1(TUG1)调控miR-138-5p对骨肉瘤细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响。方法:在骨肉瘤细胞U-2OS中转染TUG1 siRNA和siRNA control,qRT-PCR测定干扰效果,MTT测定增殖,流式细胞术测定凋亡,Transwell小室测定细胞侵袭和迁移。starBase预测TUG1与miR-138-5p有结合位点,双荧光素酶报告载体鉴定靶向调控关系。将miR-138-5p抑制物和TUG1 siRNA共转染至骨肉瘤细胞中,测定干扰miR-138-5p对下调TUG1的骨肉瘤细胞增殖、凋亡、侵袭和迁移的影响。结果:转染TUG1 siRNA后的骨肉瘤细胞中TUG1表达水平明显低于转染siRNA control后的细胞（P<0.05）。下调TUG1后的骨肉瘤细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力降低,细胞凋亡率升高（P<0.05）。野生型TUG1荧光素酶报告载体与miR-138-5p共转染后细胞荧光素酶活性降低（P<0.05）。与转染TUG1 siRNA的细胞比较,miR-138-5p抑制物和TUG1 siRNA共转染后的细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力升高,细胞凋亡率降低（P<0.05）。结论:下调LncRNA TUG1表达通过调控miR-138-5p表达抑制骨肉瘤细胞增殖、侵袭、迁移能力并诱导细胞凋亡。     

miR-124在宫颈癌中的表达及对宫颈癌细胞增殖、迁移的影响

目的:探讨miR-124在宫颈癌中的表达,及其对宫颈癌细胞增殖、迁移的影响。方法:收集宫颈癌组织和癌旁组织各13例,qRT-PCR法检测miR-124的表达,免疫组化检测STAT3的表达。生物信息学技术预测miR-124的靶基因,双荧光素酶报告基因、qRT-PCR、Western blot实验验证。每种宫颈细胞随机分为三组,一组转染miR-124 mimics,一组不转染,一组转染miR-124 inhibitor。CCK-8实验检测细胞增殖能力,细胞划痕实验检测细胞迁移能力。结果:miR-124在宫颈癌组织和细胞系中表达均降低(P均＜0.05),STAT3在宫颈癌组织中的表达明显增高(P<0.05)。STAT3是miR-124的直接靶基因,miR-124可靶向调节STAT3的mRNA和蛋白表达水平(P均＜0.05)。在Hela及Siha细胞中,miR-124 mimics转染组细胞增殖及迁移能力均降低(P均＜0.05),miR-124 inhibitor转染组细胞增殖及迁移能力均增加（P均＜0.05)。结论:miR-124在宫颈癌中低表达,可能通过靶向调节STAT3表达抑制宫颈癌细胞的增殖及迁移能力。     

血清PSA及fPSA/tPSA比值在前列腺癌骨转移诊断中的价值

目的:通过分析前列腺癌患者血清中前列腺癌特异性抗原（PSA）浓度和游离前列腺特异性抗原（fPSA）/总前列腺特异性抗原（tPSA）与骨转移的关系,探讨血清PSA和fPSA/tPSA在诊断前列腺癌骨转移中的价值。方法:采用电化学发光法检测74例前列腺癌患者血清中的fPSA、tPSA浓度并计算fPSA/tPSA,并对所有前列腺癌患者进行全身骨扫描显像。结果:74例前列腺癌患者当中无骨转移的29例,有骨转移的45例,分别占前列腺癌患者的39.2％和60.8％。在发生骨转移的前列腺癌患者当中单一病灶的有5例,占11.1%,其中3例转移灶在骨盆,2例在椎体;转移灶为两处的有3例,占6.7%;三处或三处以上转移的有37例,占82.2%。从骨转移发生的部位来看,椎体转移的最多,有35例;其次为骨盆转移,有31例;发生肋骨转移的有28例;四肢骨转移的有9例;其它部位转移的有2例。前列腺癌骨转移组和无骨转移组的PSA和fPSA/tPSA分别为（57.68±38.67） ng/ml、0.14±0.08和（21.61±17.87） ng/ml、0.25±0.09,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论:前列腺癌骨转移以多发病灶为主,且病灶主要发生在脊柱和骨盆。前列腺癌患者随血清PSA浓度的升高,fPSA/tPSA比值降低,发生骨转移的比例增高,当PSA>20.00 ng/ml或fPSA/tPSA≤0.15时,诊断前列腺癌骨转移的灵敏度和特异度较高。     

Scalarane sesterterpenes from the sponge Smenospongia sp

Ten new sesterterpene compounds (4-13) and seven known metabolites (1-3, 14-17) were isolated from the sponge Smenospongia sp. collected from Korean coastal waters. On the basis of combined spectroscopic analyses, the new compounds exhibited diverse functionalities on a common scalarane sesterterpene structure. The presence of a 23-aldehyde on compound 6 and a 20-carboxylic acid on 11 is unprecedented among sponge-derived scalarane sesterterpenes. Several of the new compounds showed significant cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity, as well as moderate inhibitory activity against isocitrate lyase.     

Hualyzin, a symmetrical urea derivative isolated from Penicillium herquei isolate GA4

Penicillium herquei isolate GA4 was isolated from the infected Conchocelis of Porphyra yezoensis. A large-scale fermentation using yeast extract sucrose medium and repeated chromatography afforded a new symmetrical urea derivative, hualyzin (1). The structure was determined by detailed NMR spectroscopic investigations and MS fragmentation analysis.     

Ymf 1029A-E, preussomerin analogues from the fresh-water-derived fungus YMF 1.01029

Five new preussomerin analogues, ymf 1029A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), and E (5), were isolated from the liquid cultures of an unidentified freshwater fungus YMF 1.01029, along with four known compounds, preussomerin C (6), preussomerin D (7), (4RS)-4,8-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (8), and 4,6,8-trihydroxy-3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one (9). The structures of new metabolites were determined by analysis of NMR and MS data and by analogy with the data for the known bis-spirobisnaphthalene preussomerins. In vitro immersion experiments showed that these metabolites displayed weak nematicidal activity against Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, while compound 7 was the most potent. This is the first report of these compounds, which antagonize the Bursaphelenchus xylophilus nematode.     

Interleukin-1alpha polymorphism -889C/T related to obesity in Korean Taeumin women

Interleukin-1 (IL-1), a cytokine produced predominantly by cells from the macrophage lineage, can affect multiple neuroendocrine and metabolic functions. IL-1alpha production by cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells from an obese group was significantly elevated in comparison to a control group. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the IL-1alpha polymorphism and Sasang constitution, a major branch in Korean traditional medicine, were related to obesity. Genotyping was done in 182 healthy females with a marked variation in body mass index (BMI) by a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. The T allele was associated with decreased BMI (p = 0.020). In a subgroup with BMI values ranging from 27 approximately 29 kg/m(2), the frequency of the T allele was significantly decreased (p = 0.004, odds ratio, OR = 0.141 compared to a subgroup with a BMI values less than 25 Kg/m(2)). In addition, in Taeumin female subjects, the frequency of the IL-1alpha T allele was markedly decreased in a subgroup with BMI values in the range of 27 approximately 29 kg/m(2) compared to a lean group with BMI values less than 25 kg/m(2) (p = 0.004, OR = 0.139). In Korean women, an association was found between -889C/T polymorphism in the regulatory region of the IL-1alpha gene and BMI values. In addition, an association was found among IL-1alpha polymorphism, obesity, and the Sasang constitution.     

Effects of TGFbeta1 and extracts from Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe on acute and chronic arthritis in rats

AIM OF THE STUDY: To elucidate the pharmacological activities of deer antler acupuncture and TGF61538;1 on the acute and chronic phases of rheumatoid arthritis diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Polyarthritis rats were administered with TGF61538;1 and water extract of deer antler acupunture (DAA), prepared from the pilose antler of Cervus korean TEMMINCK var. mantchuricus Swinhoe. TGF61538; (0.1 to 2 61549;g/animal) and DAA (5-100 61549;g/kg animal) were initiated 1 day before an arthritogenic dose of streptococcal cell wall fragments to see the effects on the joint swelling and distortion during the acute phase and the chronic phase of the disease. Arthritic index suppression of rat arthritis model was examined by TGF61538; and DAA administrations. RESULTS: TGF61538;1 and DAA diminished the polyarthritis development in rats. TGF61538; and DAA eliminated the joint swelling and distortion observed during the acute phase and the chronic phase of the disease. The TGF61538; and DAA suppressed the arthritis progress when administration was begun after acute phase of arthritis. DISCUSSION: Consistent with the inhibition of inflammatory cell recruitment into the synovium, TGF61538;1 and DAA reversed the leukocytosis associated with the chronic phase of the arthritis, respectively.     

Effects of bee venom on the maturation of murine dendritic cells stimulated by LPS

Aim of study

This study was performed to elicit the effectiveness of bee venom (BV), a traditional immunosuppressive Korean acupuncture agent, on the maturation of dendrtic cells (DCs).

Materials and methods

Immature dendritic cells (iDCs) were generated from mouse bone marrow cells with GM-CSF. After 10 days of initial differentiation, DCs were activated with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) for another 48h in the presence or absence of BV. Surface molecule analysis, intracytoplasmic staining of cytokines, FITC-conjugated antigen uptake, and transwell migration assays were conducted with iDCs and activated DCs.

Results

Up-regulation of costimulatory molecules, typical of mature DCs (mDCs) was inhibited by addition of BV. Pro-inflammatory cytokines were also found to be reduced with BV treatment in LPS-stimulated DC. A decrease in antigen uptake upon the maturation of DC was reversed in low dose BV treated mDC. In addition, BV treated mDC demonstrated reduced directional migration in response to CCL21, a lymphoid chemokine which directs mDC.

Conclusions

BV may have a therapeutic effect an on abnormally activated immune status, such as autoimmune rheumatoid arthritis, through an immune-modulatory effect on DC.