白血病患者心脏损害的研究

目的：探讨白血病患者心脏损害早期的客观依据。方法：对40例白血病患者、27例贫血患者和24例正常人做心电学、心脏形态、功能及酶学检测。结果：VCG检测显示白血病横面QRS环最大向量振幅、额面及横面R／T均高于正常对照组;与正常对照组比较,白血病组额面ST方位向右上移位、T环最大向量方位向左移位。UCG检测显示处于贫血状态的初治白血病组与正常对照组比较,LVEF、LVFS无显著差异,但白血病组的A和A／E高于正常对照组、EF斜率低于正常对照组。结论：仅以ECG和胸片作为白血病患者心脏状况的监测手段有很大的局限性。白血病患者心脏损害早期在VCG及UCG上表现为左室舒张功能不全,推测可能与白血病细胞对心脏的侵润及白血病微循环障碍等原因有关。     

上海市某戒毒所强戒人员干眼情况调查 △

目的 了解戒毒人员干眼症流行病学特点,探讨毒品对干眼的影响,为戒毒人员眼部疾病的防治提供一定的依据。方法 对2017年1~9月在上海市杨浦区某戒毒所强戒人员964人行干眼问卷调查及相关眼部检查。结果 共有596人完成了问卷调查和相关眼科检查,干眼患病率为41.44%(247/596)。干眼症随年龄升高呈上升趋势,20~30岁组、>30~50岁组、>50岁组患病率分别为17.35%(17/98)、39.30%(147/374)及66.94%(83/124),3组间差异具有统计学意义(χ ²=57.36,P<0.01)。吸毒时间越长,干眼患病率越高,毒龄≤1年、>1~2年、>2年~5年及>5年的强戒人员干眼患病率分别为18.33%(11/60)、29.67%(27/91)、42.76%(62/145)及53.00%(159/300),4组间差异具有统计学意义(χ ²=33.60,P<0.01)。戒毒时间越长,干眼患病率越低,戒毒时间16个月、>6个月~1年及>1~2年的强戒人员干眼患病率分别为54.87%(62/113)、48.46%(63/130)、25.78%(91/353),3组间差异具有统计学意义(χ ²=42.09,P<0.01)。主诉前3位的为异物感、疲劳感和干燥感(33.72%、26.34%、20.97%)。 结论 强戒人员干眼患病率高于普通人群,应提高对干眼的认识,并对毒品造成的眼部伤害进行针对性的健康指导,从而预防和减少干眼症的发生。     

HPLC法同时测定足菌清中水杨酸等4种成分的含量

用反相高效液相色谱法同时分离测定足菌清中水杨酸、苯甲酸、间苯二酚及呋喃西林的含量。水杨酸、苯甲酸、间苯二酚的线性为 0 15～ 0 75 g/L,r值分别为 0 9998、0 9999、0 9997;呋喃西林的线性为 0 0 0 72～ 0 0 36 g/L,r =1 0 0 0 ;平均回收率 (X±RSD) %分别为 ,水杨酸 (99 9±2 4) % ,苯甲酸 (10 0 1± 1 9) % ;间苯二酚 (99 7± 2 8) % ;呋喃西林 (10 0 9± 3 0 ) %。     

蟾蜍灵诱导人肺腺癌细胞凋亡作用及其机制

目的 研究中药蟾酥有效成分蟾蜍灵(bufalin)对人肺腺癌细胞的作用及其机制。方法 MTT法检测蟾蜍灵对细胞的增殖抑制作用;瑞氏 吉姆萨染色法观察细胞形态学的变化;流式细胞术分析细胞凋亡和线粒体跨膜电位;Western blot法检测Bcl-2、Caspase-3蛋白的表达。结果 (1) 蟾蜍灵明显抑制A549细胞增殖,48h及72h的IC50分别为(56.14±6.72)nmol/L、(15.57±4.28)nmol/L。(2) 蟾蜍灵能诱导肺癌细胞凋亡,形态学表现为出现凋亡小体及流式细胞仪检测到的亚二倍体凋亡峰。(3) 蟾蜍灵可以明显降低细胞线粒体跨膜电位(ΔΨm)。(4) 蟾蜍灵诱导细胞凋亡过程中,下调Bcl-2蛋白表达(P<0.01),同时活化Caspase-3。结论 线粒体途径是蟾蜍灵诱导肺腺癌A549细胞凋亡的主要通路之一。     

A comparative study of validated spectrophotometric and TLC- spectrodensitometric methods for the determination of sodium cromoglicate and fluorometholone in ophthalmic solution

The determination of sodium cromoglicate (SCG) and fluorometholone (FLU) in ophthalmic solution was developed by simple, sensitive and precise methods. Three spectrophotometric methods were applied: absorptivity factor (a-Factor method), absorption factor (AFM) and mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR). The linearity ranges of SCG were found to be (2.5–35 μg/mL) for (a-Factor method) and (MCR); while for (AFM), it was found to be (7.5–50 μg/mL). The linearity ranges of FLU were found to be (4–16 μg/mL) for (a-Factor method) and (AFM); while for (MCR), it was found to be (2–16 μg/mL). The mean percentage recoveries/RSD for SCG were found to be 100.31/0.90, 100.23/0.57 and 100.43/1.21; while for FLU, they were found to be 100.11/0.56, 99.97/0.35 and 99.94/0.88 using (a-Factor method), (AFM) and (MCR), respectively. A TLC-spectrodensitometric method was developed by separation of SCG and FLU on silica gel 60 F₂₅₄ using chloroform:methanol:toluene:triethylamine in the ratio of (5:2:4:1 v/v/v/v) as developing system, followed by spectrodensitometric measurement of the bands at 241 nm. The linearity ranges and the mean percentage recoveries/RSD were found to be (0.4–4.4 μg/band), 100.24/1.44 and (0.2–1.6 μg/band), 99.95/1.50 for SCG and FLU, respectively. A comparative study was conducted between the proposed methods to discuss the advantage of each method. The suggested methods were validated in compliance with the ICH guidelines and were successfully applied for the determination of SCG and FLU in their laboratory prepared mixtures and commercial ophthalmic solution in the presence of benzalkonium chloride as a preservative. These methods could be an alternative to different HPLC techniques in quality control laboratories lacking the required facilities for those expensive techniques.     

Anabolic androgenic steroid induced necrotising myopathy

We describe the case of a 23-year-old gentleman who developed a severe generalised necrotising myopathy. Initially presenting with features of a virus-induced polymyositis, both symptomatic and biochemical improvements were initially achieved with glucocorticoid-based immunosuppression. Subsequently he represented with evidence of severe generalised rhabdomyolysis (creatinine kinase peaking at 210,000 U/L). Rendered anuric from the myogloburic assault, he required intensive care support from the development of multi-organ failure. Subsequent investigations failed to demonstrate an infective, inflammatory, metabolic or inherited aetiology. Muscle biopsy demonstrated severe generalised necrotising myopathy in the notable absence of inflammation. Confidential discussion with the patient and relatives confirmed a suspicion of anabolic androgenic steroid (AAS) abuse. There is limited literature as to the toxic effect of AAS compounds on muscle tissue, and these tend to focus on localised disease. Indeed, AAS have consistently been shown in animal models to produce a generalised myotrophic state. Apart from the social uses of such compounds, the scope for their supervised use in various medical conditions has been established since the 1960s.     

The chemopreventive effect of dimethylthiourea against carmustine-induced myelotoxicity in rats

The possible chemopreventive role of dimethylthiourea (DMTU) against carmustine (1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea, BCNU)-induced myelotoxicity was assessed through evaluation of apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, glutathione (GSH) content and some antioxidant enzymes activities in bone marrow cells of rats. Thirty-six rats were randomly classified into four groups. The first group was injected i.p. with ethanol and served as a control. The second group was treated with BCNU. The third group was given DMTU, while the fourth group was co-administered with DMTU prior to BCNU administration. BCNU treatment in a single dose of 30 mg/kg significantly decreased the normal counts of RBCs, WBCs and platelets as well as hemoglobin level. In addition, BCNU exhibited marked apoptotic effect associated with significant alterations in the oxidative cascade parameters. Treatment of animals with DMTU in a single dose of 500 mg/kg 1h before BCNU injection, followed by 125 mg/kg twice daily for 5 consecutive days significantly mitigated the induced changes in the hematological parameters. The induced alterations in the oxidant and antioxidant parameters as well as apoptosis were also improved. Conclusively, DMTU treatment exhibited marked chemopreventive effect against BCNU-induced myelotoxicity; an effect which may be partially attributed to its inherently antioxidant potential.     

Elevated serum neutrophil elastase is related to prehypertension and airflow limitation in obese women

Background  

Neutrophil elastase level/activity is elevated in a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, systolic hypertension and obstructive pulmonary disease. It is unknown whether obese individuals with prehypertension also have elevated neutrophil elastase, and if so, whether it has a deleterious effect on pulmonary function. Objectives: To determine neutrophil elastase levels in obese prehypertensive women and investigate correlations with pulmonary function tests.     

心肌桥近端冠脉狭窄程度预测模型的建立及其临床应用价值

目的:探讨基于传统logistic回归分析和机器学习方法建立心肌桥(MB)近端冠脉狭窄程度预测模型的可行性及其临床应用价值.方法:选取2019年10月-2021年5月在本院行冠状动脉CTA及侵入性冠状动脉造影(ICA)检查并确诊存在MB的152例患者作为研究对象,将患者按照7︰3随机分为训练集(107例)和验证集(45...