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91.
Eli Atar Ziv Ben Ari Gil N. Bachar Yelena Amlinski Chaim Neyman Michael Knizhnik Sergey Litvin Hemda Schmilovitz-Weiss Riki Shapiro Elchanan Bruckhaimer Ran Tur-Kaspa Alexander Belenky 《Cardiovascular and interventional radiology》2010,33(3):560-564
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of transjugular liver biopsy (TJLB) and plugged-percutaneous liver biopsy (PB) in consecutive patients with severe liver disease associated with impaired coagulation, ascites, or both and to verify the in-house protocol used to select the appropriate procedure. In 2000–2006, 329 patients (208 male [62.8%] and 121 female [37.2%]), aged 1 month to 81 years (mean, 46.8 years), underwent 150 TJLBs (39.1%) or 233 PBs (60.9%) procedures at a major tertiary center, as determined by an in-house protocol. The groups were compared for specimen characteristics, technical success, and complications. Technical success rates were 97.4% for TJLB (146/150) and 99.1% for PB (231/233). TJLB was associated with a lower average core length (1.29 vs. 1.43 cm) and lower average number of specimens obtained (2.44 vs. 2.8), but both methods yielded sufficient tissue for a definitive diagnosis. There were no major complications in either group. TJLB and PB can be safely and effectively performed for the diagnosis of hepatic disease in patients with contraindications for standard percutaneous liver biopsy. When both are technically available, we suggest PB as the procedure of choice, especially in transplanted livers. 相似文献
92.
93.
Riki Toita Takahito Kawano Jeong-Hun Kang Masaharu Murata 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2015,21(24):7400-7411
Human hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a member of the family Hepadnaviridae, and causes acute and chronic infections of the liver. The hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) contains the large (L), middle (M), and small (S) surface proteins. The L protein consists of the S protein, preS1, and preS2. In HBsAg, the preS domain (preS1 + preS2) plays a key role in the infection of hepatocytic cells by HBV and has several immunogenic epitopes. Based on these characteristics of preS, several preS-based diagnostic and therapeutic materials and systems have been developed. PreS1-specific monoclonal antibodies (e.g., MA18/7 and KR127) can be used to inhibit HBV infection. A myristoylated preS1 peptide (amino acids 2-48) also inhibits the attachment of HBV to HepaRG cells, primary human hepatocytes, and primary tupaia hepatocytes. Antibodies and antigens related to the components of HBsAg, preS (preS1 + preS2), or preS1 can be available as diagnostic markers of acute and chronic HBV infections. Hepatocyte-targeting delivery systems for therapeutic molecules (drugs, genes, or proteins) are very important for increasing the clinical efficacy of these molecules and in reducing their adverse effects on other organs. The selective delivery of diagnostic molecules to target hepatocytic cells can also improve the efficiency of diagnosis. In addition to the full-length HBV vector, preS (preS1 + preS2), preS1, and preS1-derived fragments can be useful in hepatocyte-specific targeting. In this review, we discuss the literature concerning the applications of the HBV preS domain in bio- and nanotechnology. 相似文献
94.
Shuichiro Neshige Masao Matsuhashi Katsuya Kobayashi Takeyo Sakurai Akihiro Shimotake Takefumi Hitomi Takayuki Kikuchi Kazumichi Yoshida Takeharu Kunieda Riki Matsumoto Ryosuke Takahashi Susumu Miyamoto Hirofumi Maruyama Masayasu Matsumoto Akio Ikeda 《Clinical neurophysiology》2018,129(9):2038-2048
Objective
To assess the feasibility of multi-component electrocorticography (ECoG)-based mapping using “wide-spectrum, intrinsic-brain activities” for identifying the primary sensori-motor area (S1-M1).Methods
We evaluated 14 epilepsy patients with 1514 subdural electrodes implantation covering the perirolandic cortices at Kyoto University Hospital between 2011 and 2016. We performed multi-component, ECoG-based mapping (band-pass filter, 0.016–300/600?Hz) involving combined analyses of the single components: movement-related cortical potential (<0.5–1?Hz), event-related synchronization (76–200?Hz), and event-related de-synchronization (8–24?Hz) to identify the S1-M1. The feasibility of multi-component mapping was assessed through comparisons with single-component mapping and electrical cortical stimulation (ECS).Results
Among 54 functional areas evaluation, ECoG-based maps showed significantly higher rate of localization concordances with ECS maps when the three single-component maps were consistent than when those were inconsistent with each other (p?<?0.001 in motor, and p?=?0.02 in sensory mappings). Multi-component mapping revealed high sensitivity (89–90%) and specificity (94–97%) as compared with ECS.Conclusions
Wide-spectrum, multi-component ECoG-based mapping is feasible, having high sensitivity/specificity relative to ECS.Significance
This safe (non-stimulus) mapping strategy, alternative to ECS, would allow clinicians to rule in/out the possibility of brain function prior to resection surgery. 相似文献95.
Sumiya Shibata Masao Matsuhashi Takeharu Kunieda Yukihiro Yamao Rika Inano Takayuki Kikuchi Hisaji Imamura Shigetoshi Takaya Riki Matsumoto Akio Ikeda Ryosuke Takahashi Tatsuya Mima Hidenao Fukuyama Nobuhiro Mikuni Susumu Miyamoto 《Clinical neurophysiology》2017,128(5):734-743
Objective
We describe temporal spread imaging (TSI) that can identify the spatiotemporal pattern of epileptic activity using Magnetoencephalography (MEG).Methods
A three-dimensional grid of voxels covering the brain is created. The array-gain minimum-variance spatial filter is applied to an interictal spike to estimate the magnitude of the source and the time (Ta) when the magnitude exceeds a predefined threshold at each voxel. This calculation is performed through all spikes. Each voxel has the mean Ta (<Ta>) and spike number (Nsp), which is the number of spikes whose source exceeds the threshold. Then, a random resampling method is used to determine the cutoff value of Nsp for the statistically reproducible pattern of the activity. Finally, all the voxels where the source exceeds the threshold reproducibly shown on the MRI with a color scale representing <Ta>.Results
Four patients with intractable mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) were analyzed. In three patients, the common pattern of the overlap between the propagation and the hypometabolism shown by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) was identified.Conclusions
TSI can visualize statistically reproducible patterns of the temporal and spatial spread of epileptic activity.Significance
TSI can assess the statistical significance of the spatiotemporal pattern based on its reproducibility. 相似文献96.
97.
Tomohiro Yasuda Satoshi Fujita Riki Ogasawara Yoshiaki Sato Takashi Abe 《Clinical physiology and functional imaging》2010,30(5):338-343
Single‐joint resistance training with blood flow restriction (BFR) results in significant increases in arm or leg muscle size and single‐joint strength. However, the effect of multijoint BFR training on both blood flow restricted limb and non‐restricted trunk muscles remain poorly understood. To examine the impact of BFR bench press training on hypertrophic response to non‐restricted (chest) and restricted (upper‐arm) muscles and multi‐joint strength, 10 young men were randomly divided into either BFR training (BFR‐T) or non‐BFR training (CON‐T) groups. They performed 30% of one repetition maximal (1‐RM) bench press exercise (four sets, total 75 reps) twice daily, 6 days week?1 for 2 weeks. During the exercise session, subjects in the BFR‐T group placed elastic cuffs proximally on both arms, with incremental increases in external compression starting at 100 mmHg and ending at 160 mmHg. Before and after the training, triceps brachii and pectoralis major muscle thickness (MTH), bench press 1‐RM and serum anabolic hormones were measured. Two weeks of training led to a significant increase (P<0.05) in 1‐RM bench press strength in BFR‐T (6%) but not in CON‐T (?2%). Triceps and pectoralis major MTH increased 8% and 16% (P<0.01), respectively, in BFR‐T, but not in CON‐T (?1% and 2%, respectively). There were no changes in baseline concentrations of anabolic hormones in either group. These results suggest that BFR bench press training leads to significant increases in muscle size for upper arm and chest muscles and 1‐RM strength. 相似文献
98.
Saeki T Okita A Aogi K Kakishita T Okita R Taira N Ohama Y Takashima S Nishikawa K 《Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan)》2009,16(2):113-120
Background Multidrug resistance protein could be a target for improving the efficacy of paclitaxel (PXL). Toremifene (TOR) may moderate
P-gp-related drug resistance in vitro. Some P-gp moderators may change the pharmacokinetic parameters of PXL in vivo. A pharmacokinetic
(PK) study in metastatic breast cancer patients (MBC) was conducted to determine the safety and efficacy of PXL and TOR.
Method and patients Fifteen patients received 80 mg/m2 PXL (i.v.) weekly and 120 mg/body TOR (p.o.) daily. For the pharmacokinetic study, PXL was administered on days 1, 8, 15,
32, and 39; TOR was given from day 18 to the end of study. On days 1, 8, 15, 18, 32, and 39, blood samples were collected
from the patients who received either PXL alone or PXL + TOR, and these were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
Results Among the 15 patients enrolled in the study, one showed a partial response, and eight had a stable disease. TOR caused no
specific adverse events that were greater than grade 3, and its toxicity profile in combination with PXL was similar to that
of PXL monotherapy. The PK profile of PXL was similar with or without TOR. The PK parameters of PXL indicated no inter- or
intra-patient variability in previously treated patients with MBC. No increased PXL toxicity was observed.
Conclusion The PK profile of combined PXL and TOR was similar to that of PXL monotherapy. The addition of TOR to PXL in previously treated
patients with MBC appears safe. 相似文献
99.
100.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common morbidities complicating pregnancy, with short- and long-term consequences to the mothers, fetuses, and newborns. Management and treatment are aimed to achieve best possible glycemic control, while avoiding hypoglycemia and ensuring maternal and fetal safety. It involves behavioral modifications, nutrition and medications, if needed; concurrent with maternal and fetal surveillance for possible adverse outcomes. This review aims to elaborate on the pharmacological options for GDM therapy. We performed an extensive literature review of different available studies, published during the last 50 years, concerning pharmacological therapy for GDM, dealing with safety and efficacy, for both fetal and maternal morbidity consequences; as well as failure and success in establishing appropriate metabolic and glucose control. Oral medication therapy is a safe and effective treatment modality for GDM and in some circumstances may serve as first-line therapy when nutritional modifications fail. When oral agents fail to establish glucose control then insulin injections should be added. Determining the best oral therapy in inconclusive, although it seems that metformin is slightly superior to glyburide, in some aspects. As for parenteral therapy, all insulins listed in this article are considered both safe and effective for treatment of hyperglycemia during pregnancy. Importantly, a better safety profile, with similar efficacy is documented for most analogues. As GDM prevalence rises, there is a need for successful monitoring and treatment for patients. Caregivers should know the possible and available therapeutic options. 相似文献