国产麻黄的形态组织学研究——Ⅱ.西南主产种及其它种

本文报道我国西南产麻黄——丽江麻黄Ephedra likiangensis Florin、匍枝丽江麻黄E.likiangensis f.mairei(Florin)C.Y.Cheng、藏麻黄E.saxatilis Royle ex Florin、山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Wall、垫状山岭麻黄E.gerardiana Var.congesta C.Y.Cheng、矮麻黄E.minuta Florin和异株矮麻黄E.minuta var.dioeca C.Y.Cheng,以及形态组织特征较特殊的宁夏产斑子麻黄E.lepidosperma C.Y.Cheng、新疆产窄膜麻黄E.lomatolepis Schrenk,西藏产西藏中麻黄E.intermedia var.tibetica Stapf的生药形态组织学研究结果。并根据对国产麻黄的生药形态组织学的系统研究结果,分别编写了各种国产麻黄(包括13种3变种1变型)的生药性状和生药显微特征检索表。     

急诊动脉介入栓塞术在肝脾破裂救治中的应用

目的：探讨急诊动脉介入栓塞术在肝脾破裂救治中的临床应用价值,为临床治疗策略的制定提供参考。方法对58例肝脾破裂患者采用急诊动脉介入栓塞术进行治疗。记录患者的手术时间、导管造影诊断成功率、血管栓塞的情况、患者术后的存活率以及术后并发症的发生情况。同时通过随访,记录患者后遗症的发生情况。结果58例患者中,55例一次栓塞成功,占94．8％;3例二次栓塞成功,无栓塞失败病例,导管造影诊断成功率为100．0％。31例栓塞动脉为脾动脉,10例为肝动脉,8例为肝右动脉,2例为肝左动脉。平均手术时间为（57．8±15．6） min。所有患者均成功止血,术后患者存活率为100．0％。2例术后并发胆漏,1例并发脾脓肿,术后并发症发生率为5．2％。所有患者术后恢复情况良好,未发生后遗症。结论急诊动脉介入栓塞术治疗肝脾破裂具有良好的临床疗效,可在保留患者肝脏、脾脏的情况下,有效控制出血,稳定患者的病情,提高临床抢救的成功率。     

降胆固醇药物F400的研究——Ⅰ.产生菌的分类、发酵及降胆固醇活性

真菌F400属红曲霉属的一种,称为红曲霉F400。它产生一个降胆固醇的活性物质F400。降胆固醇活性及理化性质的比较研究证明,F400与高效降胆固醇药物Lovastatin(Monacolin K)为相同的物质。     

仙人掌中的两个新酚性羧酸酯

从仙人掌块茎中分得二个新酚性羟酸酯和六个已知化合物。根据其理化性质和波谱学方法鉴定它们的结构为2－（4－羟基－苄基－）苹果到－4－正丁酯（1）－2－（4－羟基－苄基）－苹果酸－4－甲酯（2），2－（4－羟基－苄基）－苹果酸（3），蒲公英萜醇－3－乙酸酯（4），软木三萜酮（5），羽扇豆－3－酮（6），亚油酸甲酯（7）和油酸甲酯（8），其中（1）和（2）为新化合物，（3），（4），（6），（7）和（8）为首的次从仙人掌中分得。     

亚硝基胍-60C复合诱变筛选多黏菌素E高产菌株

目的筛选获得高产多黏菌素E的菌株。方法以多黏类芽孢杆菌(P.polymyxa 1-8)为出发菌株,采用亚硝基胍-60钴复合诱变,以多黏菌素E和α-氨基丁酸作为筛选因子,采用平板抑菌圈法初筛,筛选获得高产多黏菌素E的高产菌株。结果获得一株效价较出发菌株P.polymyxa 1-8提高35.7%的遗传稳定突变株P.polymyxa B-23,其摇瓶发酵效价达到7.8万U/mL。结论平板抑菌圈法作为初筛方法能极大的提高筛选效率,有助于获得高产菌株。     

Mechanisms of the Bushen Huoxue formula in the treatment of osteoarthritis based on network pharmacology-molecular targets

Background:Osteoarthritis is a common degenerative disease with a high incidence, high disability rate, and poor prognosis. Clinical studies have shown that Bushen Huoxue formula can relieve joint swelling and pain and improve limb function and joint mobility, but there is a lack of high-quality scientific basis. Using network pharmacology and molecular docking technology to study the mechanism of Bushen Huoxue formula in the treatment of osteoarthritis.Methods:First, the active ingredients and corresponding target predictions of the formula were obtained through the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Meanwhile, the osteoarthritis disease targets were obtained through the genome annotation database platform (GeneCards) and the DrugBank database, and the target proteins obtained above were standardized using the Uniprot (https://www.uniprot.org) database standardization of names. Then, the Venn diagram was created by taking the intersection of the active ingredient and the target of the disease, and the “active ingredient-target” network was constructed and analyzed using Cytoscape 3.7.2 software. At the same time, the intersecting targets were imported into the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interaction Gene/Proteins database to build a protein-protein interaction network and to screen the core targets; the intersecting targets were visualized by using the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery 6.8 database for gene ontology functional analysis and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and construct the “active ingredient-target-pathway” network. Finally, the main active ingredients of the formula for tonifying the kidney and invigorating the blood were validated by molecular docking with the core targets.Results:A total of 194 active ingredients and 365 targets of the Bushen Huoxue formula were collected, 776 targets for osteoarthritis diseases and 96 targets for the intersection of active ingredients and diseases. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis yielded 104 relevant pathways, including tumor necrosis factor signaling pathways, cancer signaling pathways, nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor signaling pathways, Toll-like receptors signaling pathways, and osteoclast differentiation, apoptosis, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, and other related pathways. The molecular docking results showed good binding of the main active ingredients to the core targets.Conclusion:This study shows that the treatment of osteoarthritis involves multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway processes. The mechanism of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, inhibition of cartilage matrix degradation, and reduction of subchondral bone destruction may be an important mechanism for the therapeutic effect.     

娄玉钤教授治疗慢性疲劳综合征经验

娄玉钤,主任医师,教授,硕士研究生导师,两部一局(国家人事部、卫生部、中医药管理局)遴选的首批全国名老中医药专家之一——娄多峰教授的学术继承人,中华中医药学会风湿病分会副主任委员,河南省中医药学会风湿病专业委员会主任委员,河南省中西医结合学会风湿病专业委员会主任委员,长期从事中医、中西医结合诊治类风湿关节炎、强直     

Cycloartane-type triterpenoids from the resinous exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum

Eight new cycloartane-type triterpenoids, cycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,2alpha,3alpha-triol (1), 3beta-acetoxycycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,2alpha-diol (2), 1alpha-acetoxycycloartan-24-ene-2alpha,3beta-diol (3), 3beta-isovaleroyloxycycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,2alpha-diol (4), cycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,3beta-diol (5), cycloartan-23 E-ene-1alpha,2alpha,3beta,25-tetrol (6), and an epimeric mixture of 24 R,25-epoxycycloartane-1alpha,2alpha,3beta-triol (7) and 24 S,25-epoxycycloartane-1alpha,2alpha,3beta-triol (8), together with one known compound, cycloartan-24-ene-1alpha,2alpha,3beta-triol (9), were isolated from the resinous exudates of Commiphora opobalsamum. Their structures were established on the basis of mass spectrometry and multidimensional NMR spectroscopy. The cytotoxicity of compounds 1-9 was evaluated against the PC3 and DU145 human prostate tumor cell lines. All of the compounds except 1 and 5 exhibited moderate cytotoxicity against PC3 or DU145 cells with IC50 values ranging from 10.1 to 37.2 microM.     

颈动脉内中膜增厚的危险因素及与相关炎症标记物水平的关系

目的:探讨颈动脉内中膜增厚的危险因素及与相关炎症标记物水平的关系。方法:入选105例均行彩色多普勒检测颈动脉内中膜厚度(IMT),根据结果分成IMT≥1.0mm组(A组);IMT<1.0mm组(B组)。分析两组各危险因素和炎症标记物水平的差异。结果:A组中年龄、收缩压、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、胆固醇(HDL-C)、血尿酸、脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]、超敏C反应蛋白、纤维蛋白原、高血压及血脂代谢紊乱病史较B组差异明显。Logistic多元回归分析发现,年龄和LDL-C是颈动脉内中膜增厚的独立危险因素,相对危险度为1.052(95%可信区间1~1.105)和4.682(95%可信区间2.302~9.524),而HDL-C则与颈动脉IMT呈负相关,属保护性因素。结论:在颈动脉内中膜增厚的发生发展中除了传统的危险因素外,炎症反应也起了非常重要的作用。     

Intrahepatic biliary cystadenoma presenting with pleural effusion

Hepatobiliary cystadenomas are rare cystic neoplasms that often occur in middle aged women. The exact etiology of these tumors is unknown. Diagnosis is often delayed in these cases. However, misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment may result in unfavorable outcome. We report a case of hepatobiliary cystadenoma with pleural effusion. We also review the literature and discuss the current diagnostic and treatment modalities.