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排序方式: 共有210条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
201.
Darvall Jai N. Loth Joel Bose Tony Braat Sabine De Silva Anurika Story David A. Lim Wen K. 《Journal canadien d'anesthésie》2020,67(6):694-705
Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie - Perioperative frailty increases postoperative complications, mortality, and new functional dependence. Despite this, routine... 相似文献
202.
Thomas P White Eva Loth Katya Rubia Lydia Krabbendam Robert Whelan Tobias Banaschewski Gareth J Barker Arun LW Bokde Christian Büchel Patricia Conrod Mira Fauth-Bühler Herta Flor Vincent Frouin Jürgen Gallinat Hugh Garavan Penny Gowland Andreas Heinz Bernd Ittermann Claire Lawrence Karl Mann Marie-Laure Paillère Frauke Nees Tomas Paus Zdenka Pausova Marcella Rietschel Trevor Robbins Michael N Smolka Sukhwinder S Shergill Gunter Schumann the IMAGEN Consortium 《Neuropsychopharmacology》2014,39(11):2560-2569
Catecholamine-0-methyl-transferase (COMT) gene variation effects on prefrontal blood oxygenation-level-dependent (BOLD) activation are robust; however, despite observations that COMT is estrogenically catabolized, sex differences in its prefrontal repercussions remain unclear. Here, in a large sample of healthy adolescents stratified by sex and Val158Met genotype (n=1133), we examine BOLD responses during performance of the stop-signal task in right-hemispheric prefrontal regions fundamental to inhibitory control. A significant sex-by-genotype interaction was observed in pre-SMA during successful-inhibition trials and in both pre-SMA and inferior frontal cortex during failed-inhibition trials with Val homozygotes displaying elevated activation compared with other genotypes in males but not in females. BOLD activation in the same regions significantly mediated the relationship between COMT genotype and inhibitory proficiency as indexed by stop-signal reaction time in males alone. These sexually dimorphic effects of COMT on inhibitory brain activation have important implications for our understanding of the contrasting patterns of prefrontally governed psychopathology observed in males and females. 相似文献
203.
Berge Jerica M. MacLehose Richard F. Loth Katie A. Eisenberg Marla E. Fulkerson Jayne A. Neumark-Sztainer Dianne 《Journal of behavioral medicine》2015,38(1):122-135
Journal of Behavioral Medicine - This paper aims to describe the prevalence of parent-adolescent conversations about eating, physical activity and weight across sociodemographic characteristics and... 相似文献
204.
Schumann G Loth E Banaschewski T Barbot A Barker G Büchel C Conrod PJ Dalley JW Flor H Gallinat J Garavan H Heinz A Itterman B Lathrop M Mallik C Mann K Martinot JL Paus T Poline JB Robbins TW Rietschel M Reed L Smolka M Spanagel R Speiser C Stephens DN Ströhle A Struve M;IMAGEN consortium 《Molecular psychiatry》2010,15(12):1128-1139
A fundamental function of the brain is to evaluate the emotional and motivational significance of stimuli and to adapt behaviour accordingly. The IMAGEN study is the first multicentre genetic-neuroimaging study aimed at identifying the genetic and neurobiological basis of individual variability in impulsivity, reinforcer sensitivity and emotional reactivity, and determining their predictive value for the development of frequent psychiatric disorders. Comprehensive behavioural and neuropsychological characterization, functional and structural neuroimaging and genome-wide association analyses of 2000 14-year-old adolescents are combined with functional genetics in animal and human models. Results will be validated in 1000 adolescents from the Canadian Saguenay Youth Study. The sample will be followed up longitudinally at the age of 16 years to investigate the predictive value of genetics and intermediate phenotypes for the development of frequent psychiatric disorders. This review describes the strategies the IMAGEN consortium used to meet the challenges posed by large-scale multicentre imaging-genomics investigations. We provide detailed methods and Standard Operating Procedures that we hope will be helpful for the design of future studies. These include standardization of the clinical, psychometric and neuroimaging-acquisition protocols, development of a central database for efficient analyses of large multimodal data sets and new analytic approaches to large-scale genetic neuroimaging analyses. 相似文献
205.
Neumark-Sztainer D Wall M Larson NI Eisenberg ME Loth K 《Journal of the American Dietetic Association》2011,111(7):1004-1011
Background
Disordered eating behaviors are prevalent in adolescence and can have harmful consequences. An important question is whether use of these behaviors in adolescence sets the pattern for continued use into young adulthood.Objective
To examine the prevalence and tracking of dieting, unhealthy and extreme weight control behaviors, and binge eating from adolescence to young adulthood.Design
Population-based, 10-year longitudinal study (Project EAT-III: Eating Among Teens and Young Adults, 1999-2010).Participants/setting
The study population included 2,287 young adults (55% girls, 52% nonwhite). The sample included a younger group (mean age 12.8±0.7 years at baseline and 23.2±1.0 years at follow-up) and an older group (mean age 15.9±0.8 at baseline and 26.2±0.9 years at follow-up).Statistical analyses performed
Longitudinal trends in prevalence of behaviors were tested using generalized estimating equations. Tracking of behaviors were estimated using the relative risk of behaviors at follow-up given presence at baseline.Results
In general, the prevalence of dieting and disordered eating was high and remained constant, or increased, from adolescence to young adulthood. Furthermore, behaviors tended to track within individuals and, in general, participants who engaged in dieting and disordered eating behaviors during adolescence were at increased risk for these behaviors 10 years later. Tracking was particularly consistent for the older girls and boys transitioning from middle adolescence to middle young adulthood.Conclusions
Study findings indicate that disordered eating behaviors are not just an adolescent problem, but continue to be prevalent among young adults. The tracking of dieting and disordered eating within individuals suggests that early use is likely to set the stage for ongoing use. Findings suggest a need for both early prevention efforts before the onset of harmful behavioral patterns as well as ongoing prevention and treatment interventions to address the high prevalence of disordered eating throughout adolescence and young adulthood. 相似文献206.
Tahmasebi AM Artiges E Banaschewski T Barker GJ Bruehl R Büchel C Conrod PJ Flor H Garavan H Gallinat J Heinz A Ittermann B Loth E Mareckova K Martinot JL Poline JB Rietschel M Smolka MN Ströhle A Schumann G Paus T;IMAGEN Consortium 《Human brain mapping》2012,33(4):938-957
Large-scale magnetic resonance (MR) studies of the human brain offer unique opportunities for identifying genetic and environmental factors shaping the human brain. Here, we describe a dataset collected in the context of a multi-centre study of the adolescent brain, namely the IMAGEN Study. We focus on one of the functional paradigms included in the project to probe the brain network underlying processing of ambiguous and angry faces. Using functional MR (fMRI) data collected in 1,110 adolescents, we constructed probabilistic maps of the neural network engaged consistently while viewing the ambiguous or angry faces; 21 brain regions responding to faces with high probability were identified. We were also able to address several methodological issues, including the minimal sample size yielding a stable location of a test region, namely the fusiform face area (FFA), as well as the effect of acquisition site (eight sites) and scanner (four manufacturers) on the location and magnitude of the fMRI response to faces in the FFA. Finally, we provided a comparison between male and female adolescents in terms of the effect sizes of sex differences in brain response to the ambiguous and angry faces in the 21 regions of interest. Overall, we found a stronger neural response to the ambiguous faces in several cortical regions, including the fusiform face area, in female (vs. male) adolescents, and a slightly stronger response to the angry faces in the amygdala of male (vs. female) adolescents. 相似文献
207.
Siddharth Srivastava Mustafa Sahin Joseph D. Buxbaum Elizabeth Berry-Kravis Latha Valluripalli Soorya Audrey Thurm Jonathan A. Bernstein Afua Asante-Otoo William E. Bennett Jr Catalina Betancur Tegwyn H. Brickhouse Maria Rita Passos Bueno Maya Chopra Celanie K. Christensen Jennifer L. Cully Kira Dies Kate Friedman Brittany Gummere J. Lloyd Holder Jr Andres Jimenez-Gomez Carolyn A. Kerins Omar Khan Teresa Kohlenberg Ronald V. Lacro Lori A. Levi Tess Levy Diane Linnehan Loth Eva Baharak Moshiree Ann Neumeyer Scott M. Paul Katy Phelan Antonio Persico Robert Rapaport Curtis Rogers Jeffrey Saland Swathi Sethuram Janine Shapiro Phillip I. Tarr Kerry M. White Jordan Wickstrom Kent M. Williams Dana Winrow Brian Wishart Alexander Kolevzon 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2023,191(8):2015-2044
Phelan–McDermid syndrome (PMS) is a genetic condition caused by SHANK3 haploinsufficiency and characterized by a wide range of neurodevelopmental and systemic manifestations. The first practice parameters for assessment and monitoring in individuals with PMS were published in 2014; recently, knowledge about PMS has grown significantly based on data from longitudinal phenotyping studies and large-scale genotype–phenotype investigations. The objective of these updated clinical management guidelines was to: (1) reflect the latest in knowledge in PMS and (2) provide guidance for clinicians, researchers, and the general community. A taskforce was established with clinical experts in PMS and representatives from the parent community. Experts joined subgroups based on their areas of specialty, including genetics, neurology, neurodevelopment, gastroenterology, primary care, physiatry, nephrology, endocrinology, cardiology, gynecology, and dentistry. Taskforce members convened regularly between 2021 and 2022 and produced specialty-specific guidelines based on iterative feedback and discussion. Taskforce leaders then established consensus within their respective specialty group and harmonized the guidelines. The knowledge gained over the past decade allows for improved guidelines to assess and monitor individuals with PMS. Since there is limited evidence specific to PMS, intervention mostly follows general guidelines for treating individuals with developmental disorders. Significant evidence has been amassed to guide the management of comorbid neuropsychiatric conditions in PMS, albeit mainly from caregiver report and the experience of clinical experts. These updated consensus guidelines on the management of PMS represent an advance for the field and will improve care in the community. Several areas for future research are also highlighted and will contribute to subsequent updates with more refined and specific recommendations as new knowledge accumulates. 相似文献
208.
Thomas W. Frazier Robyn M. Busch Patricia Klaas Katherine Lachlan Shafali Jeste Alexander Kolevzon Eva Loth Jacqueline Harris Leslie Speer Tom Pepper Kristin Anthony J. Michael Graglia Christal G. Delagrammatikas Sandra Bedrosian-Sermone Constance Smith-Hicks Katie Huba Robert Longyear LeeAnne Green-Snyder Frederick Shic Mustafa Sahin Charis Eng Antonio Y. Hardan Mirko Uljarević 《American journal of medical genetics. Part C, Seminars in medical genetics》2023,193(3):e32058
This study focused on the development and initial psychometric evaluation of a set of online, webcam-collected, and artificial intelligence-derived patient performance measures for neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS). Initial testing and qualitative input was used to develop four stimulus paradigms capturing social and cognitive processes, including social attention, receptive vocabulary, processing speed, and single-word reading. The paradigms were administered to a sample of 375 participants, including 163 with NDGS, 56 with idiopathic neurodevelopmental disability (NDD), and 156 neurotypical controls. Twelve measures were created from the four stimulus paradigms. Valid completion rates varied from 87 to 100% across measures, with lower but adequate completion rates in participants with intellectual disability. Adequate to excellent internal consistency reliability (α = 0.67 to 0.95) was observed across measures. Test–retest reproducibility at 1-month follow-up and stability at 4-month follow-up was fair to good (r = 0.40–0.73) for 8 of the 12 measures. All gaze-based measures showed evidence of convergent and discriminant validity with parent-report measures of other cognitive and behavioral constructs. Comparisons across NDGS groups revealed distinct patterns of social and cognitive functioning, including people with PTEN mutations showing a less impaired overall pattern and people with SYNGAP1 mutations showing more attentional, processing speed, and social processing difficulties relative to people with NFIX mutations. Webcam-collected performance measures appear to be a reliable and potentially useful method for objective characterization and monitoring of social and cognitive processes in NDGS and idiopathic NDD. Additional validation work, including more detailed convergent and discriminant validity analyses and examination of sensitivity to change, is needed to replicate and extend these observations. 相似文献
209.
Thomas W. Frazier Robyn M. Busch Patricia Klaas Katherine Lachlan Shafali Jeste Alexander Kolevzon Eva Loth Jacqueline Harris Leslie Speer Tom Pepper Kristin Anthony J. Michael Graglia Christal Delagrammatikas Sandra Bedrosian-Sermone Jenine Beekhuyzen Constance Smith-Hicks Mustafa Sahin Charis Eng Antonia Y. Hardan Mirko Uljarević 《American journal of medical genetics. Part A》2023,191(7):1741-1757
There are few well-validated measures that are appropriate for assessing the full range of neurobehavioral presentations in PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome (PHTS) and other neurodevelopmental genetic syndromes (NDGS). As potential therapeutics are developed, having reliable, valid, free, and easily accessible measures to track a range of neurobehavioral domains will be crucial for future clinical trials. This study focused on the development and initial psychometric evaluation of a set of freely available informant-report survey scales for PHTS—the Neurobehavioral Evaluation Tool (NET). Concept elicitation, quantitative ratings, and cognitive interviewing processes were conducted with stakeholders and clinician–scientist experts, used to identify the most important neurobehavioral domains for this population, and to ensure items were appropriate for the full range of individuals with PHTS. Results of this process identified a PHTS neurobehavioral impact model with 11 domains. The final NET scales assessing these domains were administered to a sample of 384 participants (median completion time = 20.6 min), including 32 people with PHTS, 141 with other NDGS, 47 with idiopathic neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD), and 164 neurotypical controls. Initial psychometric results for the total scores of each scale indicated very good model (ω = 0.83–0.99) and internal consistency reliability (α = 0.82–0.98) as well as excellent test–retest reproducibility at 1-month follow-up (r = 0.78–0.98) and stability at 4-month follow-up (r = 0.76–0.96). Conditional reliability estimates indicated very strong measurement precision in key score ranges for assessing PHTS and other people with NDGS and/or idiopathic NDD. Comparisons across domains between PHTS and the other groups revealed specific patterns of symptoms and functioning, including lower levels of challenging behavior and more developed daily living and executive functioning skills relative to other NDGS. The NET appears to be a reliable and potentially useful tool for clinical characterization and monitoring of neurobehavioral symptoms in PHTS and may also have utility in the assessment of other NDGS and idiopathic NDD. Additional validation work, including convergent and discriminant validity analyses, are needed to replicate and extend these observations. 相似文献