枸杞胶囊对果蝇的延缓衰老作用

目的 探讨枸杞胶囊对果蝇的延缓衰老作用及其机理。方法 将未交配的果蝇随机分成5组，给予含不同浓度枸杞胶囊的培养基喂养，用生存实验检测寿命，羟胺法测定SOD活性，TBA法测定MDA含量。结果 枸杞 胶囊能显著延长果蝇的平均最高寿命及雌蝇的平均帮助，雌蝇体内SOD活性明显升高（P＜0．05），雌雄果蝇体内的MDA含量均降低（P＜0．05）。结论 枸杞胶囊具有抗氧化、延缓果蝇衰老的作用。     

High prevalence in Central Africa of blood donors who are potentially infectious for human herpesvirus 8

BACKGROUND: In western countries, the transmission of human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) via blood transfusion has been recently postulated. In sub- Saharan African, the incidence of HHV-8-associated Kaposi's sarcoma and the seroprevalence for HHV-8 in autochthonous populations are high. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of blood donations potentially infectious for HHV-8 in the general adult population of Central Africa. Forty-nine blood donors at the Centre de Transfusion Sanguine in Bangui, the capital of the Central African Republic, were selected. Forty-five inpatients of Broussais Hospital, Paris, France, who were known to be seronegative for HIV and hepatitis B and C viruses and who had not received heart or kidney transplants, were chosen as a European "control" group for comparison. HHV-8 DNA sequences were detected in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by nested polymerase chain reaction using primer sets located in the HHV-8 open reading frame 26. RESULTS: Eleven (22.5%; 95% CI: 12%-37%) of 49 blood donors were positive for HHV-8. Three (6%) were HIV-1 seropositive. Two (67%) of the 3 HIV-infected blood donors were also positive for HHV-8. All blood donors were apparently healthy; none was known to suffer from Kaposi's sarcoma. Only one (2.2%) control was carrying HHV-8 DNA on the peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The prevalence of HHV-8 was higher in blood donors from Bangui than in patients from Broussais Hospital. CONCLUSIONS: HHV-8 infection is highly prevalent in an apparently healthy adult population from Central Africa, which raises concerns about HHV-8 transmission through transfusion in this setting.     

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for lung transplant recipients with primary severe donor lung dysfunction

Primary severe donor lung dysfunction (DLD) is a significant complication after lung transplantation (LTx), and a high mortality is reported with conventional therapy. The purpose of this report is to review the experience of the University of Pittsburgh with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for primary severe DLD after LTx. From September 1991 to May 1995, 220 LTx were performed at our center. Eight patients (8/220=3.6%) with severe DLD after LTx required ECMO support. The age of LTx recipients was 44±5 years (mean±SD); seven patients were female and one was male. Indications for LTx were: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in four patients, bronchiectasis in two, and pulmonary hypertension in two. There were three single LTx and five bilateral LTx. The interval from LTx to institution of ECMO was 5.6±3.2 h (range 0–10 h). Three patients were supported with veno-venous (v-v) ECMO and five had veno-arterial (v-a) ECMO. The duration of ECMO support was 7.3±4.8 days (range 3–15 days). activated glotting time (ACT) was maintained between 110 and 180 s with intermittent use of heparin. Seven patients (7/8=87%) were successfully weaned from ECMO and six patients (6/8=75%) were discharged home; they are currently alive after a follow-up of 17±10.1 months. One patient died on ECMO support for refractory DLD and another died 2 months after ECMO wean from multisystem organ failure. At 6 months follow-up, forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) is 2.35±0.91 (75%±17.4% predicted) and mean forced vital capacity (FVC) is 2.53±0.81 (64%±14% predicted). We conclude that ECMO can be lifesaving when instituted early after primary severe DLD. The v-v ECMO support is preferred when the patient is hemodynamically stable and adequate long-term function of the allograft is anticipated.     

消旋棉酚拆分的研究——Ⅳ.苏(-)或(+)-1-(对硝基苯基)-1,3-二羟基丙胺-2为拆分剂

本文介绍以光学活性苏-1-(对硝基苯基)-1,3-二羟基丙胺-2为拆分剂,与消旋棉酚缩合,用常压柱色谱或溶剂结晶法分离得到两个光学纯的非对映体,然后分别水解得(+)和(-)-棉酚。     

涂碳聚氯乙烯膜乌头硷选择性电极的研究

作者以乌头碱-四苯硼酸离子缔合物为电活性物制成了涂碳聚氯乙烯膜电极。该电极线性范围为1.0×10~(-2)～5.0×10~(-5)mol/L,检测下限为6.3×10~(-6)mol/L,斜率为57.6mV。作者提出了用此电极控制参附注射液中乌头碱限量的根据和方法。     

Effect of heparin on activation of platelet function in patients during radiofrequency catheter ablation

1. Thromboembolism occurs in 0.4-2.0% of patients undergoing radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA). Some studies have shown that treatment with heparin inhibits the activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis. No study has directly measured the activation of platelet aggregation to investigate the effect of heparin on platelet function. The purpose of the present study was to observe the inhibitory effect of heparin on platelet activity in patients undergoing RFCA. 2. Sixty-two patients with supraventricular tachycardia were observed and divided into a heparin-treatment group and a control group. Changes in platelet aggregability (PAG) and thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) in the blood samples of all patients at different times (before, after electrophysiological study, immediately after and 10 and 30 min after the RFCA procedure) were observed. 3. No indication of clinically symptomatic thromboembolism and no major differences in baseline characteristics and procedure were apparent in either group. The levels of PAG and TXB(2) were all clearly increased after the electrophysiological study (all P < 0.05). Immediately after RFCA, PAG and TXB(2) levels were significantly increased in both groups and remained elevated 30 min after the procedure (all P < 0.05). In the heparin-treatment group, the increases in PAG (54.69 +/- 3.24%) and TXB(2) (29.01 +/- 1.84%) caused by RFCA were lower than changes observed in the control group (70.92 +/- 3.45 and 44.70 +/- 3.28%, respectively; both P < 0.01). Moreover, treatment with heparin normalized the elevated level of PAG 30 min after RFCA more clearly. 4. The results of the present study suggest that intravenous heparin treatment during the operation inhibits the activation of platelets induced by RFCA.