Antigenicity Alternations of Variant PEDV S Protein Disclosed by Linear B Cell Epitope Mapping

The spike protein (S) plays a crucial role in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection and induces neutralizing antibodies. Mutations of the S protein are supposed to provide the main antigenic shift leading to the antigenic escape of PEDVs. It is therefore a significant question how much accumulation of antigenic shift could lead to the antigenic escape of the variant PEDV. To provide an answer in the study, B cell epitopes (BCEs) on the S protein of the PEDV vaccine strain CV777 (S^CV777) and variant strain SD2014 (S^SD2014) were mapped using biosynthetic peptides and rabbit anti-PEDV S serum. Seventy-nine and 68 linear BCEs were identified from S^CV777 and S^SD2014, respectively. While 66.2% of the BCEs of S^SD2014 could be recognized by anti-S^CV777 serum and 67.1% of S^CV777 BCEs could be recognized by anti-S^SD2014 serum, more than 40% of the BCEs identified using anti-S^CV777 serum on S^CV777 could not be recognized by anti-S^SD2014 serum and vice versa. The completely shared BCEs took low percentages of 29.4% and 25.3% for S^SD2014 and S^CV777, respectively. These results indicate a low conservation of antigenicity of the S protein compared to a relatively high amino acid sequence similarity of 92.2% between the two strains. The study provided a BCE shift reference of PEDV antigenic escape and surveillance control.     

RP-HPLC同时测定健儿消食口服液中橙皮苷和黄芩苷

摘 要：目的 建立健儿消食口服液中橙皮苷和黄芩苷的定量测定方法。方法 采用 HPLC 法,色谱柱为 Agilent Eclipse XDB（250 mm × 4.6 mm,5 μm）,流动相为乙腈-0.3%磷酸溶液（23︰77）,检测波长283 nm。结果 橙皮苷在0.090 25～0.722 0 μg 呈良好的线性关系;黄芩苷在0.323 25～2.602 0 μg 呈良好的线性关系。平均回收率分别为99.62%、98.99%;RSD 分别为1.86%、1.66%。结论 本方法简便、准确、重现性好,可用于健儿消食口服液的质量控制。     

1983—1985年重庆地区胆石症病因调查

调查了胆石症病人561人,其中女性占75.9%,女性比男性发病早5年,为预防胆石症,我们必须在饮食中适当增加猪油,植物油,牛奶和新鲜蔬菜。胆石症病人均经B超和其他检查所证明,随着人民生活水平提高,我国的胆石症已由过去的泥沙样结石变为胆固醇结石为主     

MALT1 in asthma children: A potential biomarker for monitoring exacerbation risk and Th1/Th2 imbalance‐mediated inflammation

BackgroundMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) participates in the immune‐related allergic response and inflammation flare, while its clinical role in asthma children is still unknown. Herein, this study aimed to investigate MALT1 expression, and its correlation with exacerbation risk, T helper (Th)1, Th2 cells (and their secreted cytokines), as well as inflammatory cytokines in asthma children.MethodsSixty children with asthma exacerbation and 60 children with remission asthma were enrolled in this study; then their blood MALT1, Th1, Th2 cells, tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ), and interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) were detected. Besides, blood MALT1 in another 20 health controls was also determined.ResultsMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 was highest in children with asthma exacerbation, followed by children with remission asthma, and lowest in health controls (p < 0.001). MALT1 could distinguish children with asthma exacerbation from children with remission asthma (area under the curve (AUC): 0.757, 95% CI: 0.670–0.843). In children with asthma exacerbation, MALT1 was negatively linked with IFN‐γ (p = 0.002) and Th1 cells (p = 0.050), but positively related to Th2 cells (p = 0.027) and exhibited a positive correlation trend (without statistical significance) with IL‐4 (p = 0.066); meanwhile, MALT1 was positively correlated with exacerbation severity (p = 0.010) and TNF‐α (p = 0.003), but not linked with IL‐6 (p = 0.096). In children with remission asthma, MALT1 only was negatively associated with Th1 cells (p = 0.023), but positively linked with TNF‐α (p = 0.023).ConclusionMucosa‐associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 serves as a potential biomarker for monitoring exacerbation risk and Th1/Th2 imbalance‐mediated inflammation of asthma children.     

二例外籍艾滋病感染者监护案例的分析

通过对二例外籍艾滋病病毒感染者的发现及采取的措施,结合相关法规进行分析,显示在监测、感染者控制等方面存在相应的操作误区和不足。这些因素是可导致上报疫情延误,感染者失控,影响部门间协作机制的主要原因。提示外籍人员艾滋病监测控制政策存在漏洞,同时警示口岸一线人员熟悉掌握相关艾滋病卫生法规是做好外籍人员艾滋病监测和后续管理工作的基础。     

公共关系课程对大学生公关意识与能力影响的研究

目的:通过<公共关系学>课程的教学,提高大学生的公关意识和能力.方法:在3所大学采用理论教学、课堂讨论、无记名问卷调查等方式开展教学.结果:405名学生的问卷调查显示:选择<公共关系学>教学能"逐步树立公关意识、形象意识"者占95.1%(385/405);能"提高学生综合素质"者占93.1%(377/405);能"提高学生的观察反应能力"者占82.5%(334/405);能"提高学生的自控应变能力"者占78.3%(317/405).结论:公关理念能增强公关意识,主动塑造自身良好社会形象;能培养公关技能,提高大学生的社会适应能力.     

纵行神经束内电极与周围神经生物相容性的实验研究

目的　研究纵行神经束内电极长期植入家兔坐骨神经神经束中的生物相容性 ,并探讨应用纵行神经束内电极记录的周围神经束的信号对电子假手控制的可能性。方法　将纵行神经束内电极长期植入 12只新西兰大白兔坐骨神经的神经束内 ,分别作为记录和刺激电极 ,通过经颅刺激系统 ,在术后不同时间记录运动诱发电位 (MEP)和皮层体感诱发电位 (CSEP) ,观察电极长期植入神经束内所记录到的信号的变化 ;术后 6个月信号记录结束后 ,取电极植入处的神经束进行组织学检查 ,了解电极对神经束的影响。然后 ,将纵行神经束内电极植入一名前臂残肢志愿受试者残肢的三条主要神经的神经束中 ,记录志愿受试者在意识控制中完成不同手的动作时的信号 ,并将其应用于电子假肢的实时控制。结果　不同时间记录的MEP和CSEP潜伏期间的差异均具有显著性意义 (方差分析 ,均P <0 .0 0 1)。经组间比较 ,MEP和CSEP的潜伏期在术后 1个月内无明显变化 ,以后明显延长 ,但 3个月以后趋于稳定 ;不同时间记录的MEP峰间波幅间的差异有显著意义 (方差分析 ,P <0 0 0 1)。经组间比较 ,在术后 1个月内变化不明显 ,以后明显降低 ,3个月后又趋于平稳。不同时间记录的CSEP峰间波幅虽然随时间延长有下降的趋势 ,但其间的差异无显著意义 (方差分析 ,P >0 0     

肠内营养与激素治疗对儿童克罗恩病的疗效对比研究

目的比较肠内营养（EN）与激素对儿童活动期克罗恩病（CD）的临床指标和肠黏膜愈合方面的治疗效果,探讨EN治疗儿童CD的应用价值。方法将本院2012年7月-2014年1月确诊为活动期CD的患儿,依据治疗方式的不同将患儿随机分为肠内营养治疗组（EN组）和激素治疗组（激素组）,观察对比CD患儿在0、2、4、6、8、10、12周的各项临床检测指标变化,并通过内镜及组织学检查观察对比CD患儿在0、12周时的肠黏膜炎症改变。结果（1）共48例CD患儿入组,EN组25例,激素组23例,两组患儿的一般资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）,具有可比性;（2）治疗结束（12周）时,EN组的临床缓解率为80％（20／25）,激素组为82．6％（19／23）,两组比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）;（3）治疗后EN组的内镜下缓解率为72％（18／25）,显著高于激素组的34．8％（8／23）（P〈0．05）;EN组的组织学缓解率为60％（15／25）,也显著高于激索组的26．1％（6／23）（P〈0．01）。结论EN是治疗儿童活动期CD的一种有效方法,在诱导黏膜愈合方面较激素治疗更为有效。