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91.
Xuan-Mei Piao Ho Won Kang Pildu Jeong Young Joon Byun Hee Youn Lee Kyeong Kim Sung Phil Seo Won Tae Kim Jong-Young Lee Yun-Sok Ha Yung Hyun Choi Sung-Kwon Moon Seok Joong Yun Wun-Jae Kim 《Urologic oncology》2021,39(4):237.e21-237.e29
BackgroundThere is an increasing demand for prognostic immune biomarkers of cancer. The prognostic significance of immune markers has been shown for various cancers, but biomarkers of bladder cancer (BCa) have not been fully evaluated. To clarify the role of human leukocyte antigen DR alpha chain (HLA-DRA) in BCa development, we examined expression of HLA-DRA mRNA in tissue samples of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC).Materials and MethodsTissues of 96 NMIBC, 43 MIBC and 59 controls comprising noncancerous BCa surrounding tissues were used to examine the expression of HLA-DRA gene by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The expression of up-stream genes regulating HLA-DRA were also measured to explain the role of HLA-DRA in BCa.ResultsPatients with high grade NMIBC showed higher expression of HLA-DRA than those with low grade NMIBC (P < 0.05). In addition, NMIBC patients who progressed to MIBC showed high expression of HLA-DRA mRNA. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that NMIBC patients with low expression of HLA-DRA had better progression-free survival than those with high expression (P = 0.004). Moreover, the expression of genes regulating HLA-DRA varied in NMIBC and MIBC, indicating a different immunoregulation effect of HLA-DRA in both cancers.ConclusionsHigh expression of HLA-DRA in NMIBC patients has implications for patient stratification strategies, as well as for BCa tumor immunology. 相似文献
92.
Jong Jin Oh Sangchul Lee Ja Hyeon Ku Tae Gyun Kwon Tae-Hwan Kim Seung Hyun Jeon Sang Hyup Lee Jong Kil Nam Wan Seok Kim Byong Chang Jeong Ji Youl Lee Sung Hoo Hong Koon Ho Rha Woong Kyu Han Won Sik Ham Young Goo Lee Yong Seong Lee Sung Yul Park Young Eun Yoon Sung Gu Kang Seok Ho Kang Korean Robot Assisted Radical Cystectomy Study Group 《BJU international》2021,127(2):182-189
93.
Tae Gyun Kim Moon Seok Park Sang Hyeong Lee Kug Jin Choi Byeong-eun Im Dae Yeung Kim Ki Hyuk Sung 《Journal of children's orthopaedics》2021,15(3):215
PurposeThis study was performed to investigate leg-length discrepancy (LLD) and associated risk factors after paediatric femur shaft fractures.MethodsA total of 72 consecutive patients under 13 years old (mean age 6.7 years; 48 boys, 24 girls) with unilateral femur shaft fracture, and a minimum follow-up of 18 months, were included. The amount of LLD was calculated by subtracting the length of the uninjured from that of the injured limb. Risk factors for an LLD ≥ 1 cm and ≥ 2 cm were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression analysis.ResultsHip spica casting, titanium elastic nailing and plating were performed on 22, 40 and ten patients, respectively. The mean LLD was 7.8 mm (sd 8.8) and 29 (40.3%) had a LLD of ≥ 1 cm, while nine (12.5%) had a LLD of ≥ 2 cm. There were significant differences in fracture stability (p = 0.005) and treatment methods (p = 0.011) between patients with LLD < 1 cm and ≥ 1 cm. There were significant differences in fracture site shortening (p < 0.001) and LLD (p < 0.001) between patients with length-stable and length-unstable fractures. Fracture stability was the only factor associated with LLD ≥ 1 cm (odds ratio of 4.0; p = 0.020) in the multivariable analysis.ConclusionThis study demonstrated that fracture stability was significantly associated with LLD after paediatric femur shaft fractures. Therefore, the surgeon should consider the possibility of LLD after length-stable femur shaft fracture in children.Level of EvidencePrognostic level III 相似文献
94.
Moon Seong Kim Dong Hyun Lee Tae Jin Kim Jong Jin Oh Seung Ryeol Rhee Dong Soo Park Young Dong Yu 《Translational andrology and urology》2021,10(1):96
BackgroundUreaplasma parvum (UP) is commonly isolated in the genitor-urinary tract and may cause various clinical features, including microscopic hematuria (MH). Some UP serovars are more commonly related with specific urogenital disease, but the evidences have been conflicting. This study primarily aimed to research the possible associations between specific UP serotypes and genito-urinary pathogenicity in female patients showing MH with/without chronic micturition urethral pain (CMP).MethodsThis study retrospectively reviewed 276 female patients having MH with/without CMP, who visited health screening center or female infertility clinic. All patients underwent multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests with vaginal and urine samples to evaluate the infection rate and serotypes of UP. The antimicrobial susceptibility of UP and the predictors of CMP among UP infected patients were also analyzed. All patients were followed up at least for 6-months.ResultsForty-nine patients (17.8%) showed urinary UP infection. Urinary UP serotyping showed the prevalence of seorvar-1, -3, -6 and -14 were 24.5%, 30.6%, 18.4% and 26.5%, respectively. 79.6% of the urinary UP positive patients accompanied vaginal UP infection. 22 patients of the cohort (8.0%) had CMP whereas serovars-3 and -14 accompanied CMP in 54.5% and 41.0% cases, respectively. No serovars-6 infection case had CMP. 26.4% of the cohort were infertile whereas 10.9% of these infertile patients were positive for urinary tract infection with UP serotype-3 or -14. Doxycycline, josamycin and pristinamycin were the most active antibiotics with the lowest rate of resistance (0.0%) for treating UP. At 1-month post-initial treatment with doxycycline, all UP serotypes were eradicated and no patient complained of urethral discomfort. However, simultaneous urinary and vaginal reinfection of serovar-3 (5 cases) and serovar-5 (1 case) were confirmed at 3-months post-initial doxycycline therapy. The logistic regression analyses revealed that serovars-3 [hazard ratio (HR) 1.354, P value 0.018] and -14 (HR 1.103, P value 0.046) were significantly associated with CMP in female patients having MH.ConclusionsUP serovars-3 and -14 infections could be associated with CMP in female patients having MH. Doxycycline, josamycin and pristinamycin were effective for treating UP. Serovar-3 showed higher reinfection rate than other serotypes after antibiotics treatment. 相似文献
95.
Soo Kyung Cho Myung Soo Kim Ho Seok Chung Eu Chang Hwang Seung Il Jung Dongdeuk Kwon Kwangsung Park 《Translational andrology and urology》2021,10(3):1347
Indwelling urethral catheter placement is a common and comparatively safe procedure. Misplacement of a urethral catheter into the upper urinary tract is unusual, and only a few cases have been reported. We describe the case of a 43-year-old man who presented with oliguria and had a history of chemotherapy for known metastatic lung cancer. As he had no history of urological disease, urethral catheterization was expected to be uneventful. The catheter was unable to be pulled back to the bladder neck once the balloon was inflated, and the patient expressed discomfort. Subsequent computed tomography revealed that the tip of the catheter was placed in the middle of the right ureter. Unbeknownst to the physicians before urethral catheterization, the patient had severe lower urinary tract symptoms and urinary bladder dysfunction with hydronephrosis, likely due to chemotherapy. Based on the patient’s symptoms and imaging results, we judged the possibility of severe ureteral injury to be low. The malpositioned catheter was removed uneventfully after complete balloon deflation and then reinserted properly. He was admitted to the medical department but died as a result of an exacerbation of the underlying disease unrelated to the incident. If urethral catheter placement seems abnormal, physicians should aspirate and irrigate to confirm correct positioning before balloon inflation; then, they should carefully pull the inflated balloon near the neck of the bladder while monitoring the patient’s symptoms. Although urethral catheter placement is comparatively safe, physicians must keep in mind that patients who have undergone chemotherapy might be at a risk for this rare complication. 相似文献
96.
Diagnostic accuracy of Raman spectroscopy for prostate cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jae Joon Park Do Kyung Kim Soomin Lee Yoonseo Choi Yon Hee Kim Joon-Ho Lee Ki Hyun Kim Jae Heon Kim 《Translational andrology and urology》2021,10(2):574
BackgroundAlthough various studies have been conducted to demonstrate the possibility of Raman spectroscopy (RS) as a diagnostic tool for prostate cancer (PC), it is difficult to use it in the real clinical area because of imitations in various research processes. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis about the accuracy in diagnostic use of RS for PC.MethodsA literature search was done using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library databases in March 2019 to analyze the accuracy of RS for diagnosis of PC. The accuracy of RS for diagnosis of PC was evaluated by means of pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC).ResultsFive studies were included for qualitative analysis by screening the remaining articles according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria by means of a systematic review. The pooled sensitivity and specificity of RS were 0.89 (95% CI: 0.87–0.91) and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89–0.93), respectively. The overall PLR and NLR were 9.12 (95% CI: 4.15–20.08) and 0.14 (95% CI: 0.07–0.29), respectively. The DOR of RS demonstrated high accuracy (73.32; 95% CI: 18.43–291.73). The area under the curves (AUCs) of SROC curves was 0.93.ConclusionsRS is an optical diagnostic method with high potential for diagnosis and grading of PC and has advantages of real-time and convenient use. In order to consider real-time use of RS in an actual clinical setting, more studies for standardization and generalization of RS performance and analytical method must be conducted. 相似文献
97.
Kerri Viney Chris Lowbridge Fukushi Morishita Kalpeshsinh Rahevar Kyung H Oh Tauhid Islam Ben J Marais 《Bulletin of the World Health Organization》2021,99(5):330
ObjectiveTo assess the implementation of the Regional framework for action on implementation of the End TB Strategy in the Western Pacific, 2016–2020 in countries and areas in the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region.MethodsWe used a mixed methods approach to assess the framework’s measurable and perceived impact. We conducted an analysis of national tuberculosis strategic plans, a cross-sectional survey of senior staff of tuberculosis programmes, key informant interviews and some country case studies.FindingsOf the 37 countries and areas of the Western Pacific Region, 14 had a national tuberculosis strategic plan, including all countries and areas with a high incidence of tuberculosis. Most senior tuberculosis programme staff who responded to the survey (16/23) found the regional framework useful when developing their national targets and grant applications. Programmatic challenges identified included financing, human resources, public–private mix, active case finding, and paediatric and drug-resistant tuberculosis. Most of the 17 key informants thought that the regional framework’s categorization of actions (for all settings, for specific settings and for pre-elimination settings) was useful, but that the added value of the regional framework over other relevant documents was not obvious because of overlap in content.ConclusionThe regional framework influenced national level tuberculosis control planning and implementation in a positive way. A future regional framework should provide a longer-term strategic horizon and specifically address emerging trends and persistent problems faced by countries or areas of the region. 相似文献
98.
Biomechanical assessment with electromyography of post-stroke ankle plantar flexor spasticity 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Spasticity has been defined as a motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflex (muscle tone). Muscle tone consists of mechanical-elastic characteristics, reflex muscle contraction and other elements. The aims of this study were to determine whether to assess spasticity quantitatively, and to characterize biomechanical and electromyographic spasticity assessment parameters. These assessment parameters were described by investigating the correlation between clinical measures and the response to passive sinusoidal movement with consecutive velocity increments. Twenty post-stroke hemiplegic patients and twenty normal healthy volunteers were included in the study. Five consecutive sinusoidal passive movements of the ankle were performed at specific velocities (60, 120, 180, and 240 degrees/ sec). We recorded the peak torque, work, and threshold angle using a computerized isokinetic dynamometer, and simultaneously measured the rectified integrated electromyographic activity. We compared these parameters both between groups and between different velocities. The peak torque, threshold angle, work, and rectified integrated electromyographic activity were significantly higher in the post-stroke spastic group at all angular velocities than in the normal control group. The threshold angle and integrated electromyographic activity increased significantly and linearly as angular velocity increased, but the peak torque and work were not increased in the post-stroke spastic group. Peak torque, work, and threshold angle were significantly correlated to the Modified Ashworth scale, but the integrated electromyographic activity was not. The biomechanical and electromyographic approach may be useful to quantitatively assess spasticity. However, it may also be very important to consider the different characteristics of each biomechanical parameter. 相似文献
99.
100.
Recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF), a polypeptide of 53 amino acid residues, is subject to degradation by numerous
enzymes, especially proteases, when it is applied on the skin for the treatment of open wound. Amastatin, aprotinin, bestatin,
EDTA, EGTA, gabexate, gentamicin, leupeptin, and TPCK were investigated for the possible protease inhibitors, which may use
to protect rhEGF from degradation by the enzymes in the skin. Skin homogenates containing protease inhibitors and rhEGF were
incubated at 37°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction was stopped with trifluoroacetic acid, the amount of rhEGF remaining
in the sample was determined with an HPLC method. The percentages of rhEGF degraded, at the skin/PBS ratio of 0.25, in the
mouse, rat, and human skin homogenate were 85%, 70%, and 46%, respectively. The degree of degradation of rhEGF in the cytosolic
fraction was higher than that in the membrane fraction and these enzyme reactions were completed in 30 minutes. Bestatin,
EGTA, and TPCK showed significant inhibitory effects on the degradation of rhEGF in the two fractions (p<0.05), while the
other protease inhibitors had no significant inhibitory effects or, even resulted in deleterious effects. Therefore, the formulation
containing one or several inhibitors among these effective inhibitors would be a promising topical preparation of rhEGF for
the treatment of open wound. 相似文献