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排序方式: 共有6621条查询结果,搜索用时 21 毫秒
991.
992.
Spencer JD Schwaderer AL Dirosario JD McHugh KM McGillivary G Justice SS Carpenter AR Baker PB Harder J Hains DS 《Kidney international》2011,80(2):174-180
Although the urinary tract is constantly challenged by microbial invasion, it remains free from colonization. Although little is known about how the urinary tract maintains sterility, the presence of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in the urine suggests that they may play a role in its protection from infection. Ribonuclease 7 (RNase 7) is a potent AMP that was first identified in the skin. Here, we characterize the expression and relevance of RNase 7 in the human kidney and urinary tract. Using RNA isolated from healthy human tissue, we performed quantitative real-time PCR and found basal RNASE7 expression in kidney and bladder tissue. Immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analysis localized RNase 7 to the urothelium of the bladder, ureter, and the intercalated cells of the collecting tubules. In control urine samples from healthy individuals, the concentration of RNase 7 was found to be in the low micromolar range; very abundant for an AMP. Antibacterial neutralization assays showed that urinary RNase 7 has potent antimicrobial properties against Gram-negative and Gram-positive uropathogenic bacteria. Thus, RNase 7 is expressed in the human kidney and urinary tract and it may have an important antimicrobial role in maintaining tract sterility. 相似文献
993.
994.
Mohammed A Ulukpo O Lawrence EC Fernandez F Pickens A Gal AA Force SD Easley KC Larsen CP Kirk AD Neujahr DC 《Transplantation proceedings》2011,43(10):3892-3898
Outcomes following lung transplant remain suboptimal. This is attributable to variable posttransplant recovery of lung function, and inconsistent degrees of lung function loss after peak function is reached. Granzyme B is elevated in the blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in acute rejection. We hypothesized that persistent exposure to T cells high in granzyme B would negatively correlate with lung function. We investigated cumulative exposure measured as the area-under-the-curve (AUC) of CD8+ T cell granzyme Bhi cells in the first year posttransplant in both BAL and blood in 24 transplant recipients. We assessed the correlation between cumulative 1-year exposure and FEV1 slope. There was a negative correlation between 1-year exposure and FEV1 slope within the first year (r = −0.63; P = .001). This relationship persisted even when adjusted for transplant type, gender, age, rejection, and indication for transplantation. In contrast, no relationship was seen with the 1-year AUC and lung function after 1 year posttransplant. In contrast to the BAL granzyme Bhi levels, granzyme Bhi levels from the blood showed no relationship with lung function. These findings suggest that CD8+ T-cell–driven factors are responsible for early improvements in lung function after transplantation. 相似文献
995.
Spencer JD Schwaderer A McHugh K Vanderbrink B Becknell B Hains DS 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2011,26(11):1995-2001
This study evaluates the impact of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) on the economy and inpatient healthcare utilization in the
USA. A retrospective analysis was performed on children ≤18 years of age, hospitalized with the principal discharge diagnosis
of VUR between 2000 and 2006, using the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Kids’ Inpatient Database. The results are
stratified as follows. First, by hospitalizations: between 2000 and 2006, 6,655 ± 720 (standard error) children/year were
hospitalized with VUR. Since 2003, both the length of each hospitalization and the number of hospitalizations have decreased.
Second, by related procedures/diagnoses: ureteral reimplantation was the most common procedure, accounting for 89% of hospitalizations.
Congenital genitourinary anomalies, disorders of the kidney/ureter/bladder, and urinary tract infections (UTI) were the most
common related diagnoses. Thirdly, by hospital economics: since 2000, hospital charges for VUR increased despite decreased
lengths of hospitalization. By 2006, hospital charges rose to 18,798/hospitalization, and aggregate national charges exceeded18,798/hospitalization, and aggregate national charges exceeded
100 million. Our results indicate that fewer children with VUR are requiring inpatient management. Children with VUR are
often hospitalized for ureteral reimplantation or the management of related diagnoses. Since 2000, hospital charges for inpatient
VUR management have increased. More efforts are needed to evaluate cost-effective strategies for the evaluation and management
of VUR. 相似文献
996.
997.
998.
Lawlor DK Derose G Harris KA Lovell MB Novick TV Forbes TL 《Vascular and endovascular surgery》2011,45(3):241-245
The objective was to determine whether incision application of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) will decrease postoperative wound complications in vascular surgery patients. A prospective, randomized trial randomized 81 incisions in 51 patients who underwent femoral artery exposure for elective revascularization procedures or endovascular abdominal aneurysm repairs. Incidence of diabetes, chronic renal failure, prosthetic grafts, body mass index (BMI), and steroid use did not differ. Using the ASEPSIS wound classification system, we found no difference in incidence of wound infection. Wound complications occurred in 9 (23%) of 40 of PRP group and 9 (22%) of 41 of non-PRP. Severe wound complications developed in 5 (13%) PRP and 6 (5%) of non-PRP (P = NS). In multivariate analysis, there were no predictors for wound infection. Groin wound complications rates are common in this patient group. Platelet-rich plasma did not decrease the incidence of groin wound complications in our patients. 相似文献
999.
Kirk KL Jones EM Potter BK Osborn PM Ficke JR 《Journal of surgical orthopaedic advances》2011,20(1):19-22
Throughout the current conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq, there have been more than 1100 combat-related major limb amputations, with approximately 80% involving the lower extremity. There is, however, a paucity of data regarding the number of amputations below the level of the ankle. Although not as common, partial foot amputations, in the appropriate setting, offer a way to improve function and decrease energy consumption when compared to proximal amputations. Sound surgical tenets are prerequisite for successful outcomes when performing a distal amputation. Maintaining a robust soft tissue envelope allowing for tension-free wound closure is paramount in determining the feasibility of a partial foot amputation. Careful consideration of tendon balancing is also of utmost importance in avoiding common complications of contracture and deformity. Partial foot amputations present a viable surgical option for successful outcomes and maximization of patient function in the combat injured when certain criteria are met. 相似文献
1000.
West Nile virus (WNV) can cause severe central nervous system (CNS) illnesses including meningoencephalitis (MNE) and acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Risk factors include advanced age, immunosuppression, cancer, and diabetes. In vitro studies show that tumor necrosis factor (TNF) has anti-WNV activity and is protective against WNV infection. Anti-TNF-a monoclonal antibodies may increase susceptibility to WNV by inhibiting an adequate TNF-a response, leading to prolonged viremia, viral penetration into the CNS, and fulminant WNV-CNS disease. We describe a fatal case of WNV with MNE and AFP after infliximab therapy. During WNV outbreaks, clinicians should encourage patients receiving anti-TNF-a drugs to take appropriate preventive measures because of the risk of severe WNV-CNS disease. 相似文献