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91.
Effects of heme oxygenase system on the cyclooxygenase in the primary cultured hypothalamic cells 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Hae-Uk Lee Hee-Joo Lee Ha-Young Park Sang-Ho Lee Choon-Gon Jang Seok-Yong Lee 《Archives of pharmacal research》2001,24(6):607-612
Endogenous carbon monoxide (CO) shares with nitric oxide (NO) a role as a putative neural messenger in the brain. Both gases are believed to modulate CNS function via an increase in cytoplasmic cGMP concentrations secondary to the activation of soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC). Recently CO and NO were proposed as a possible mediator of febrile response in hypothalamus. NO has been reported to activate both the constitutive and inducible isoform of the cyclooxygenase (COX). Thus, we investigated whether CO arising from heme catabolism by heme oxygenase (HO) is involved in the febrile response via the activation of COX in the hypothalamus. PGE2 which is a final mediator of febrile response released from primary cultured hypothalamic cells was taken as a marker of COX activity. PGE2 concentration was measured with EIA kits. Exogenous CO (CO-saturated medium) and hemin (a substrate and potent inducer of HO) evoked an increase in PGE2 release from hypothalamic cells, and these effects were blocked by methylene blue (an inhibitor of sGC). And membrane permeable cGMP analogue, dibutyryl-cGMP elicited significant increases in PGE2 release. These results suggest that there may be a functional link between HO and COX enzymatic activities. The gaseous product of hemin through the HO pathway, CO, might play a role through the modulation of the COX activity in the hypothalamus. 相似文献
92.
Yasuo Yanagi Aya Iriyama Woo-Dong Jang Kazuaki Kadonosono 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2007,245(5):677-681
Background The purpose of the study was to investigate the brightness of the xenon/bandpass light in vitrectomy and assess its phototoxic
effects using A2E-laden retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells.
Methods The total luminous flux and spectral irradiance of 20- and 25-gauge endoilluminators connected to xenon lamps were measured
and compared to those of 20- and 25-gauge endoilluminators connected to a halogen lamp. In vitro, A2E-laden cells were evenly
exposed to xenon/bandpass light for 5 to 30 min positioned at 1 cm and 2 cm for a standard light probe and an implantable
“chandelier” light probe, respectively, above the cells, and the cell viability was assessed using WST-1 assay. The cell viability
was compared with cells exposed to 30 min of halogen light projected through a 20-gauge endoilluminator.
Results The maximal total luminous flux of xenon/bandpass light emitted through the 20-gauge endoilluminator was 2.8 times higher
than that of the halogen light. The total luminous flux of the 25-gauge endoilluminators was 0.6-1.1 times greater than the
20-gauge endoilluminators connected to the halogen light. The viability of the A2E-laden cells after exposure to the xenon/bandpass
light was no different than that of the cells exposed to the halogen light when the total luminous flux of these lights was
at the same level. Xenon/bandpass light from an implantable “chandelier” light probe induced A2E-mediated RPE damage to a
similar extent as that of the halogen light through a 20-gauge endoilluminator.
Conclusions A2E-mediated phototoxicity of xenon/bandpass light is comparable to that of halogen light. 相似文献
93.
Won-Yung Lee Soon-Woo Jang Jin-Seok Lee Yun-Hee Kim Hyeong-Geug Kim Jong-Min Han Dong-Woon Kim Min-Hee Yi Min-Kyung Choi Chang-Gue Son 《Journal of ethnopharmacology》2014
Ethnopharmacological relevance
Uwhangchungsimwon (UCW) is a representative traditional herbal medicine for central nervous system disorders in East Asia countries over thousand years. To evaluate the pharmacological effects of UCW against oxidative brain injury in a chronic restraint stress mice model.Methods and materials
C57BL/6 male mice underwent daily oral administration of distilled water, UCW or ascorbic acid 1 h before induction of restraint stress (5 h of immobilization daily for 14 days). Nitric oxide (NO), total reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes, and concentrations of corticosterone, adrenaline, noradrenaline, and dopamine, were measured in brain tissues or sera.Results
Restraint stress notably increased NO and ROS levels, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl contents in brain tissues, but decreased activities of catalase, glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase. These alterations were significantly ameliorated by UCW. UCW significantly attenuated the elevated serum concentrations of corticosterone, adrenaline and noradrenaline. UCW also significantly normalized the gene expressions in brain tissues altered by restraint stress; up-regulation of phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) and N-methyl-d-aspartate type 1 receptor (NMDAR1), and down-regulation of gamma-Aminobutyric acid type A receptor (GABAAR), glutamate decarboxylase 1 (GAD 67), and glutamate decarboxylase 2 (GAD 65), respectively. Moreover, UCW considerably restored neurogenesis in the hippocampal regions which was disturbed by chronic restraint stress.Conclusions
These results evidenced that UCW has pharmacological properties for brain protection and neurogenesis in status of stress-associated oxidative damage, and the underlying mechanisms involve the regulation of HPA axis in stress responses. 相似文献94.
自1991年4月以来,通过对报告的急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例和病人接触者的粪便标本检测,山东省未发现脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)野病毒。自1992年开始引用世界卫生组织(WHO)的诊断标准,每年均有一定数量的临床确诊脊灰病例。WHO提出,分离到野病毒作为唯一的确诊依据,在消灭脊灰后期很有必要。卫生部提出,在WHO推荐标准基础上结合专家组诊断意见,能保证临床符合病例具有较高特异性。山东省所有确诊脊灰病例均由专家组诊断,对专家组诊断的临床脊灰病例仍应引起高度重视,以便综合分析是否有野病毒引起的可能。15岁以下儿童非脊灰AFP病例报告发病率已连续3年达到1/10万的指标,AFP病例的粪便标本采集率达到80.2%,与医院的及时报告率提高有密切关系。受病例麻痹到就诊的时间间隔和其它客观因素的影响,麻痹两周内采集到合格粪便标本的期望比例为93.5%,市、县两级医院能否及时报告和采便是提高监测系统敏感性和质量的关键。报告AFP病例中经省专家组诊查剔除非AFP病例191例,占报告病例的31.2%。在强调监测敏感性的同时,也应注意提高监测工作的特异性,以全面提高监测工作的质量。 相似文献
95.
Moo Jun Kim Ha Nee Jang Haa-Na Song Jong Sil Lee Min Gyu Kang 《Internal medicine (Tokyo, Japan)》2022,61(10):1573
Sacubitril/valsartan, an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI), significantly reduces mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, a considerable number of patients treated with sacubitril/valsartan experience hypotension, oliguria, progressive azotemia, and renal failure as adverse events. These issues have been linked to significant gaps in the usage and dosing of guideline-directed medical therapy with ARNI in patients with HFrEF. We herein report a relevant case of pathologically proven acute tubular necrosis after the first dose of sacubitril/valsartan, highlighting the importance of optimizing the medical therapy in an outpatient with HFrEF. 相似文献
96.
Hye Jin Shi Eliel Nham Bomi Kim Eun-Jeong Joo Hae Suk Cheong Shin Hee Hong Miri Hyun Hyun ah Kim Sukbin Jang Ji-Young Rhee Jungok Kim Sungmin Kim Hyun Kyu Cho Yu Mi Wi Shinhye Cheon Yeon-Sook Kim Seungjin Lim Hyeri Seok Sook In Jung Joong Sik Eom Kyong Ran Peck 《Journal of Korean medical science》2022,37(22)
BackgroundNumerous patients around the globe are dying from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While age is a known risk factor, risk analysis in the young generation is lacking. The present study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and mortality risk factors in younger patients (≤ 50 years) with a critical case of COVID-19 in comparison with those among older patients (> 50 years) in Korea.MethodsWe analyzed the data of adult patients only in critical condition (requiring high flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy or higher respiratory support) hospitalized with PCR-confirmed COVID-19 at 11 hospitals in Korea from July 1, 2021 to November 30, 2021 when the delta variant was a dominant strain. Patients’ electronic medical records were reviewed to identify clinical characteristics.ResultsDuring the study period, 448 patients were enrolled. One hundred and forty-two were aged 50 years or younger (the younger group), while 306 were above 50 years of age (the older group). The most common pre-existing conditions in the younger group were diabetes mellitus and hypertension, and 69.7% of the patients had a body mass index (BMI) > 25 kg/m2. Of 142 younger patients, 31 of 142 patients (21.8%, 19 women) did not have these pre-existing conditions. The overall case fatality rate among severity cases was 21.0%, and it differed according to age: 5.6% (n = 8/142) in the younger group, 28.1% in the older group, and 38% in the ≥ 65 years group. Age (odds ratio [OR], 7.902; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.754–18.181), mechanical ventilation therapy (OR, 17.233; 95% CI, 8.439–35.192), highest creatinine > 1.5 mg/dL (OR, 17.631; 95% CI, 8.321–37.357), and combined blood stream infection (OR, 7.092; 95% CI, 1.061–18.181) were identified as independent predictors of mortality in total patients. Similar patterns were observed in age-specific analyses, but most results were statistically insignificant in multivariate analysis due to the low number of deaths in the younger group. The full vaccination rate was very low among study population (13.6%), and only three patients were fully vaccinated, with none of the patients who died having been fully vaccinated in the younger group. Seven of eight patients who died had a pre-existing condition or were obese (BMI > 25 kg/m2), and the one remaining patient died from a secondary infection.ConclusionAbout 22% of the patients in the young critical group did not have an underlying disease or obesity, but the rate of obesity (BMI > 25 kg/m2) was high, with a fatality rate of 5.6%. The full vaccination rate was extremely low compared to the general population of the same age group, showing that non-vaccination has a grave impact on the progression of COVID-19 to a critical condition. The findings of this study highlight the need for measures to prevent critical progression of COVID-19, such as vaccinations and targeting young adults especially having risk factors. 相似文献
97.
Yoo Na Jang Yong Jik Lee Yoon Mi Han Hyun Min Kim Hong Seog Seo Ji Hoon Jeong Seung Yeon Park Tae Woo Jung 《Yonsei medical journal》2022,63(6):530
PurposeSince diabetes and hypertension frequently occur together, it is thought that these conditions may have a common pathogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate the anti-diabetic function of the anti-hypertensive drug fimasartan on C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle and HepG2 human liver cells in a high glucose state.Materials and MethodsThe anti-diabetic effects and mechanism of fimasartan were identified using Western blot, glucose uptake tests, oxygen consumption rate (OCR) analysis, adenosine 5′-triphosphate (ATP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunofluorescence staining for diabetic biomarkers in C2C12 cells. Protein biomarkers for glycogenolysis and glycogenesis were evaluated by Western blotting and ELISA in HepG2 cells.ResultsThe protein levels of phosphorylated 5′ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), p-AKT, insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1), and glucose transporter type 4 (Glut4) were elevated in C2C12 cells treated with fimasartan. These increases were reversed by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) antagonist. ATP, OCR, and glucose uptake were increased in cells treated with 200 µM fimasartan. Protein levels of glycogen phosphorylase, glucose synthase, phosphorylated glycogen synthase, and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) were decreased in HepG2 cells treated with fimasartan. However, these effects were reversed following the addition of the PPARδ antagonist GSK0660.ConclusionIn conclusion, fimasartan ameliorates deteriorations in glucose metabolism as a result of a high glucose state by regulating PPARδ in skeletal muscle and liver cells. 相似文献
98.
99.
Deception detection can be of great value during the juristic investigation. Although the neural signatures of deception have been widely documented, most prior studies were biased by difficulty levels. That is, deceptive behavior typically required more effort, making deception detection possibly effort detection. Furthermore, no study has examined the generalizability across instructed and spontaneous responses and across participants. To explore these issues, we used a dual‐task paradigm, where the difficulty level was balanced between truth‐telling and lying, and the instructed and spontaneous truth‐telling and lying were collected independently. Using Multivoxel pattern analysis, we were able to decode truth‐telling versus lying with a balanced difficulty level. Results showed that the angular gyrus (AG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and postcentral gyrus could differentiate lying from truth‐telling. Critically, linear classifiers trained to distinguish instructed truthful and deceptive responses could correctly differentiate spontaneous truthful and deceptive responses in AG and IFG with above‐chance accuracy. In addition, with a leave‐one‐participant‐out analysis, multivoxel neural patterns from AG could classify if the left‐out participant was lying or not in a trial. These results indicate the commonality of neural responses subserved instructed and spontaneous deceptive behavior as well as the feasibility of cross‐participant deception validation. 相似文献
100.
The peritoneal carcinomatosis of prostate cancer without bone or other visceral organ involvement is extremely rare. We report a case of an isolated peritoneal metastasis of prostate cancer in a patient without other metastatic sites and a history of prostate surgery. A 63-year-old male with locally advanced prostate cancer without known distant metastasis on androgen deprivation therapy presented with abdominal distension that had persisted for a month. Abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) showed gastric wall thickening and a moderate amount of ascites. The gastroscopy showed hyperemic mucosal patches on the antrum body. A cytological examination of the ascites fluid was negative for malignant cells. Diagnostic laparoscopy showed multiple nodules in the peritoneum. A biopsy was performed. Histological findings were compatible with metastatic carcinoma of the prostate, which was immunohistochemically positive for pan-cytokeratin, the androgen receptor, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The patient was then treated with abiraterone acetate. After 1 month of treatment, both ascites and the PSA value decreased. We describe an extremely rare case of isolated peritoneal carcinomatosis from prostate cancer without any organ metastasis or history of surgery. Clinicians should be aware of these very rare metastases of prostate cancer. Hormonal therapy may be helpful for such cases. 相似文献