单指数、双指数、拉伸指数模型DWI在胶质瘤术前分级中的应用

目的探讨单指数、双指数、拉伸指数模型扩散加权成像(diffusion weightedimaging,DWI)对胶质瘤术前分级的诊断性能,评价灌注参数与血流量(cerebral bloodflow,CBF)的相关性。材料与方法收集经手术病理证实为脑胶质瘤的病例34例,包括低级别17例,高级别17例。受试者术前均行常规扫描、3D动脉自旋标记成像(threedemensional arterial spin labeling,3D ASL)及多b值DWI序列扫描,利用FUNCTIONTOOL后处理软件中的单指数模型计算得到表观扩散系数(apparent diffusion coefficient,ADC),利用双指数模型得到D、D*、f值,利用拉伸指数模型得到分布扩散系数(distribute diffusion coefficient,DDC)、水分子各向异性(alpha,α),利用3D ASL后处理软件得到CBF值。所得各参数利用SAS9.4统计软件进行分析。结果高级别胶质瘤ADC、D、f、DDC、ɑ值低于低级别胶质瘤,D*值高于低级别胶质瘤,P值均<0.05;全部胶质瘤D*与CBF呈正相关(r=0.51,P<0.05);受试者工作特性(receiver operatingcharactsteristic,ROC)曲线分析得出:ɑ、D、DDC、ADC值的曲线下面积(area undercurve,AUC)分别为0.969、0.965、0.961、0.957,其诊断阈值分别为0.88×10^-3mm^2/s、0.86×10^-3mm^2/s、1.10×10^-3mm^2/s、1.11×10^-3mm^2/s。结论单指数、双指数、拉伸指数模型DWI为胶质瘤术前提供更多诊断信息,ɑ、D、DDC、ADC值在鉴别高、低级别胶质瘤均有较高价值,且灌注参数D*与CBF呈正相关。     

Evaluation of a parenting program for children with behavioural problems: Signposts in Singapore

Abstract

Background The Signposts for Building Better Behaviour program, developed by the Parenting Research Centre, Victoria, Australia, was conducted at a public hospital facility in Singapore.

Method More than 1,000 parents completed the program, and filled in questionnaires about their child's behaviours.

Results Parents rated themselves in the questionnaires as being significantly less hassled, stressed, depressed, and anxious after attending the program. They were more confident and satisfied with managing their child, and rated their children's behaviours as having improved. Effect sizes ranged from 0.12 to 0.59. The findings were maintained 3 months after completion of the program.

Conclusions The study provides evidence of the cross-cultural applicability of the principles underlying the Signposts program. As there are long-term repercussions when children's behaviour problems are not dealt with appropriately, such behaviour management programs should be made more available to parents and caregivers.     

Mash1 efficiently reprograms rat astrocytes into neurons简

To date, it remains poorly understood whether astrocytes can be easily reprogrammed into neurons. Mashl and Brn2 have been previously shown to cooperate to reprogram fibroblasts into neurons. In this study, we examined astrocytes from 2-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats, and found that Brn2 was expressed, but Mashl was not detectable. Thus, we hypothesized that Mashl alone could be used to reprogram astrocytes into neurons. We transfected a recombinant MSCV-MASH1 plasmid into astrocytes for 72 hours, and saw that all cells expressed Mashl. One week later, we observed the changes in morphology of astrocytes, which showed typical neuro- nal characteristics. Moreover, β-tubulin expression levels were significantly higher in astrocytes expressing Mashl than in control cells. These results indicate that Mashl alone can reprogram astrocytes into neurons.     

脑出血微创置管吸引术对老年脑出血患者血清IL-6TNF-α和hs-CRP的影响

目的 探讨脑出血微创置管吸引术对老年脑出血患者血清IL-6、TNF-α和hs-CRP的影响.方法 选择2010-01-2013-03我院接诊的的80例老年脑出血患者,随机分为实验组和对照组各40例.实验组采用脑出血微创置管吸引术治疗,对照组采用传统的保守治疗.结果 术前和术后2 d、7 d 2组神经功能评分比较无显著差异,术后15 d、30 d实验组神经功能评分明显低于对照组.术后7 d、15 d及30 d实验组血清炎性因子水平明显低于对照组,2组比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）.结论 脑出血微创置管吸引术治疗老年脑出血患者的效果良好,明显优于传统的保守治疗手段.     

护士长工作疲溃感和婚姻质量相关性的研究进展

简述了工作疲渍感、婚姻质量的概念及其关系，并对护士长工作疲渍感和婚姻质量的研究现状进行综述。     

骨软骨瘤并假性动脉瘤1例

<正>患者,男,19岁。因"左大腿疼痛4个月"于2012年4月21日入我院就诊。患者于4个月前无明显诱因出现左大腿远端疼痛,休息后可稍缓解,不伴红肿、发热不适。后逐渐出现左小腿麻木,无多发性骨软骨瘤病史及家族史,无外伤史。入院后查体:左腘窝上方有一明显软组织包块,边界欠清,约鹅蛋大小,质韧,活动度差,局部皮温较高,听诊有清晰粗糙杂音。术前X线片示:左股骨下段内后侧可见一骨性突起,背关节面生长,左腘窝上骨性突起的后方见一卵圆形软组织块     

磁处理水对高胆固醇血症大鼠的影响

对饮用磁处理水和非磁处理水的两组高胆固醇血症的大鼠进行了血液流变学、血脂及心功能检测，并用扫描电镜观察其主动脉和红细胞的形态．结果表明，磁处理水有明显降低血液粘度和血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯的效应，对降低血压和改善心率具有一定作用，能增强红细胞的变形能力，对动脉硬化的发生和发展有抑制作用。     

Middle-aged women's awareness of cholesterol as a risk factor: Results from a national survey of Korean Middle-aged Women's Health Awareness (KomWHA) study

Background

Dyslipidemia, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), is more prevalent in middle-aged women than in men of the same age in Korea. This study, the first national survey that focused on cholesterol in Korean women, aimed to: (1) assess their awareness and knowledge of cholesterol, (2) evaluate their risk reduction behavior, and (3) examine differences in these variables among geographical regions in Korea.

Methods

A questionnaire survey study was conducted in a randomly selected national sample of 1304 Korean women, aged 40-64 years in 3 geographic regions.

Results

High cholesterol was identified as a cause of CVD by 54.4% of respondents, however, 95.4% did not know their own values. Only 4.1% of respondents were aware of desirable level of total cholesterol. Eight percent of respondents perceived correctly the meaning of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) as good cholesterol. And 32.9% had cholesterol check at least once a year. No significant regional differences were found in women's awareness and knowledge on cholesterol. No smoking (93.6%), low salt diet (52.5%) and weight management (50.6%) were the most prevalent risk reduction behaviors. Women in the rural area performed less risk reduction behaviors than those in urban area.

Conclusions

Given the low level of awareness and knowledge about cholesterol in these women, nurses need to increase their education about cholesterol and risk reduction behaviors of CVD for middle-aged Korean women, particularly those in rural area. To resolve identified disparities in women's risk reduction behaviors between the rural and urban area, a national-level health policy can result in a successful effort to promote women's awareness of cholesterol and risk reduction behaviors for the cardiovascular health of the public.     

以ECHO克隆系统构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体

目的：构建ECHO克隆系统构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体，以克服原核生物表达系统生产人生长激素存在的缺陷。 方法：实验于2002．08在解放军广州军区广州总医院医学实验科进行。①先把人生长激素基因片段克隆到ECHO系统的供载体中，构建供载体pUni／Lox-HGH。②让该供载体与具Lox位点的受载体在Cre重组酶的作用下融合，构建出人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体pcDNA4．1／pUni-HGH，使人生长激素基因处于CMV启动子的调控下，EcoRl单酶切及BarnHI／EcoRI双酶切鉴定重组质粒。 结果：由琼脂糖凝胶电泳和序列测定证实，用ECHO克隆系统构建的融合质粒中，确实含有人生长激素带内含子的基因序列。 结论：用ECHO克隆系统可以构建人生长激素的哺乳动物表达载体，且方便、快捷，为取代原核生物表达系统生产人生长激素，提供了依据。