胰腺假性囊肿的诊治体会

目的 总结胰腺假性囊肿的诊治体会。方法 回顾性分析46例胰腺假性囊肿患者的临床资料，7例保守治疗，行内引流术12例，外引流术9例，序贯式内外引流术5例，胰腺部分切除术13例。结果 保守治疗者均痊愈，无复发；行内引流术者中有1例发生肠瘘，其余11例恢复良好无复发；行外引流术1例出现胰瘘，2例复发；行胰腺部分切除术者有1例出现胰瘘，其余恢复良好。结论 根据病情和病程选择合适的术式是治疗胰腺假性囊肿的关键。     

关节镜辅助下钢板内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折

[目的]探讨分析关节镜辅助下钢板内固定治疗关节内跟骨骨折的方法和疗效;[方法]对78位患者，86例累及关节面的跟骨骨折在关节镜辅助下行切开复位钢板内固定术，术后平均随访18个月（12～30个月），通过比较术前术后X线片和踝足功能的AOFAS评分对治疗效果作分析评价．[结果]86例关节内跟骨骨折术后X线示复位满意．与术前存在显著性差异（P〈0．01），AOFAS评分优良率91．86％．[结论]对于关节内跟骨骨折，采用关节镜辅助钢板内固定更加接近解剖复位，足部功能恢复满意且并发症少     

带浅静脉干逆行皮瓣早期微血管构筑变化的体视学研究

目的 探讨带浅静脉干的逆行皮瓣早期微血管构筑变化的特点以供临床实践参考。方法 应用生物体视学技术测量带浅静脉干皮瓣微血管体积密度，结合组织学观察，与不带静脉干皮瓣作对照比较。结果 带浅静脉干皮瓣组微血管密度整体水平高于不带静脉干皮瓣组（P〈0．05）。结论 浅静脉干的存在有利于皮瓣的血管化进程，保留浅静脉干对皮瓣成活有利。     

Effects of magnetic resonance imaging diffusion gradient recalled echo on a patient with an intracranial hemorrhage presenting to the emergency department.

Generally, a computed tomography scan is conducted for the diagnosis of stroke in the emergency department, because these scans are easier and faster in the detection of stroke. If there are no signs of hemorrhage on computed tomography scan, an ischemic stroke is diagnosed and treated accordingly. A magnetic resonance imaging scan may be taken in order to verify ischemic stroke. This process may lead to improper treatment and is time consuming. To address this situation, case studies are presented in which magnetic resonance imaging diffusion-weighted imaging and gradient recalled echo were performed to detect hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke and particularly, subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is undetectable with a computed tomography scan.     

Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值

目的 探讨Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断价值。方法 对45例食管黏膜可疑病变经内镜以2％Lugol液喷洒染色，观察黏膜染色情况，并取活检送病理组织学检查。结果 45例食管病变染色后，39例呈浅染色或不染色，其中食管癌8例（食管早期癌5例，进展期癌3例），Barrett食管5例，轻至中度不典型增生1l例。本组Lugol液染色对食管早期癌和癌前病变的检出率达46．7％。结论 内镜下应用Lugol液染色结合活检有助于食管早期癌和癌前病变的诊断，且操作简便，具有重要的临床价值。     

Use of paracervical analgesia for outpatient hysteroscopic surgery: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study

Twenty-five women receiving sedation for outpatient hysteroscopic polypectomy were injected with 0.25% bupivacaine 10 mL (paracervical group) and another 25 received the same volume of saline (control group) at the cervical fornix. Both groups were given target-controlled propofol sedation during the procedure. More propofol (mg/min) was needed for adequate anesthesia in the control group compared to the paracervical group (6.5 versus 4.6). In addition, the postoperative pain scores were lower in the paracervical group than in the control group. Hemodynamic changes and postoperative side effects were similar in the two groups. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study confirmed the effective use of paracervical blocks. This approach has the effect of reducing the amount of intraoperative propofol and decreasing postoperative pain in outpatient hysteroscopic surgery.     

除颤仪技术的讨论

本文通过介绍了除颤仪原理、单相波和双相波电流、波形、能量,分析了除颤仪双相波技术的优点。     

APACHEⅢ评分对脑卒中病人预后的评估及相关因素的研究

目的 观察APACHEⅢ评分系统对脑卒中病人预后的预测效果，并对其相关影响因素进行分析．方法 136例脑卒中病人入院后在接受治疗前进行APACHEⅢ评分，再分别计算出每一例的预测死亡危险度；入院7d内每天作1次APACHEⅢ评分，实际观察结果分为死亡和存活两种．最后按病灶的位置分为两组：中线组和非中线组；再按脑出血的体积或脑梗死的容积分为两组：大病灶组和小病灶组。然后进行统计学处理．结果 死亡组的APACHEⅢ评分明显高于存活组；中线组的APACHEⅢ评分显著高于非中线组，其中，中线组的急性生理学评分和神经学评分均显著高于非中线组，而两组的年龄及慢性健康状况评分无显著性差异．大病灶组的评分高于小病灶组，其中，大病灶组的急性生理学评分和神经学评分均盟著高于小病灶组，而年龄及慢性健康状况评分无显著性差异．预测死亡危险度为0．4时准确度最高．结论 APACHEⅢ评分系统对评估脑卒中病人病情危重程度及预测死亡危险度具有重要的参考价值．     

Ruptured distal anterior choroidal artery aneurysm.

Ruptured aneurysms of the distal anterior choroidal artery (AchA) are extremely rare and management is dictated by clinical presentation. This report describes a rare patient with a distal AchA aneurysm and subarachnoid and intraventricular haemorrhage. A 60-year-old woman presented with a sudden onset of severe headache and vomiting. No aneurysms could be found on initial angiograms. A repeat angiogram performed 10 days after admission demonstrated an aneurysm in a branch of the cisternal segment of the left AchA without a definite neck. Surrounding vessels showed multifocal stricture and dilatation. Microsurgical clipping was not performed because the patient died suddenly due to pulmonary failure. The aetiology of the aneurysm in this case and surgical strategy are discussed.     

孕妇产前心理状态与需求的调查

目的对孕妇产前心理状态及其影响因素进行调查和评定,以探讨心理因素对分娩方式的影响。方法用综合医院焦虑/抑郁情绪测定量表,采用调查问卷法。结果有焦虑/抑郁症状组与无焦虑/抑郁症状组剖宫产率分别为80%和30%,差异有非常显著性(χ2=25.25,P<0.01);两组产后出血和新生儿阿氏评分,差异也有非常显著性,对婴儿的哺乳喂养方式(母乳、混合、人工)两组亦存在显著性差异(χ2=7.36,P<0.05)。结论产前对有焦虑/抑郁障碍的孕妇进行科学、整体的护理,实施有效的心理干预,可以减轻甚至消除焦虑/抑郁情绪,使孕妇处于最佳身心状态,保障母婴平安度过分娩期。