全文获取类型
收费全文 | 826篇 |
免费 | 21篇 |
国内免费 | 6篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 30篇 |
儿科学 | 39篇 |
妇产科学 | 100篇 |
基础医学 | 74篇 |
口腔科学 | 40篇 |
临床医学 | 65篇 |
内科学 | 122篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 36篇 |
特种医学 | 43篇 |
外科学 | 186篇 |
综合类 | 12篇 |
预防医学 | 14篇 |
眼科学 | 21篇 |
药学 | 40篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 25篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 1篇 |
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 8篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 11篇 |
2019年 | 20篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 15篇 |
2016年 | 20篇 |
2015年 | 32篇 |
2014年 | 27篇 |
2013年 | 51篇 |
2012年 | 72篇 |
2011年 | 64篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 59篇 |
2008年 | 70篇 |
2007年 | 77篇 |
2006年 | 82篇 |
2005年 | 62篇 |
2004年 | 48篇 |
2003年 | 24篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 9篇 |
2000年 | 4篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 1篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1988年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有853条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
71.
72.
Bezer M Saygi B Aydin N Kucukdurmaz F Ekinci G Guven O 《Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery》2009,129(8):1017-1024
Background The combination of the reconstruction of the coracoclavicular ligaments with the resection arthroplasty of the distal end
of the clavicle is a commonly used technique in acromioclavicular separations.
Hypothesis The purpose of the current study was to quantify the reduction parameters using 3-D CT and to analyze their effects on clinical
outcomes.
Study design Case series.
Methods The patients with chronic symptoms after acromioclavicular dislocation (type III) were treated with reconstruction of the
coracoclavicular ligaments. The average follow-up was 69.5 months. The patient group consisted of 21 men and 8 women. The
initial treatment at the time of injury was nonoperative in 26 of 29 patients. CT was used to document anteroposterior (APD),
craniocaudal (CCD) and mediolateral (MLD) acromioclavicular reduction parameters. Constant Shoulder scoring system was used.
Results The mean preoperative Constant score was 56.62 ± 18.63 points while the postoperative score was 89.93 ± 10.79 points. The
mean APD was 9.2 mm, the mean CCD was 1.1 mm and the mean MLD was 8.4 mm. There was no correlation between the APD, MLD and
the Constant Scores. However, an inverse correlation between the CCD and the postoperative Constant Scores was found.
Conclusions CCD plays an important role on the postoperative function. If the CCD is larger, the Constant score is lower.
Clinical relevance The reduction loss is a distinctive parameter of the functional outcome, even when the reconstructed coracoclavicular ligament
is intact. Secure fixation may be achieved with techniques preserving CCD. 相似文献
73.
Sema Akman Salih Kalay Bahar Akkaya Mustafa Koyun Halide Akbaş Yunus Emre Baysal Ayfer Gur Guven 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2009,24(6):1173-1180
Combinations of antiproteinurics, including angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors + angiotensin II receptor antagonist
+ statins, are promising choices in the treatment of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. We aimed to investigate the effects
of high doses of immunoglobulin in addition to these combinations in rats with adriamycin-induced nephrosis. The study included
40 rats allocated into five groups: control, nephrotic syndrome without treatment, dual therapy (DT) with enalapril + losartan,
triple therapy (TT) with enalapril + losartan + simvastatin, and quadruple therapy (QT) with enalapril + losartan + simvastatin
+ a high dose of immunoglobulin. The proteinuria levels were not statistically different between DT, TT and QT groups at weeks
5, 8, 12 and 16. At week 16, serum creatinine levels in the QT group were significantly lower than those in the control, DT
and TT groups. The glomerulosclerosis index in the DT group was significantly lower than in the TT and QT groups. The scores
for interstitial fibrosis and TGF-β staining were similar among treatment groups. In conclusion, we showed that quadruple
therapy including immunoglobulin had a beneficial effect on renal function in the late phase, but it had no additional effects
in reducing proteinuria or in glomerulosclerosis score in experimental nephrotic syndrome. Further studies with angiotensin I-converting
enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (AIIRAs) and immunoglobulin combinations would offer some benefits
in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome. 相似文献
74.
Türüt H Tastepe I Kaya S Sirmali M Gezer S Oz G Findik G Cetin G 《Respirology (Carlton, Vic.)》2007,12(5):707-711
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study reports on the demographic features, clinico-pathological results and prognoses of patients aged less than 36 years diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS: This is an observational study of patients with primary NSCLC who had a surgical procedure at a tertiary thoracic surgery centre in Turkey. Data collected were age, gender, history of smoking, symptoms, postoperative histopathological diagnosis, stage, surgical procedure and survival. RESULTS: Of the 31 patients in the study, 27 were male (87%) and the median age was 32 years (10-35 years). Nineteen patients were smokers (61.2%). The most common presenting symptom was cough (n = 23, 67.7%). Histopathological diagnosis was squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, n = 17), adenocarcinoma (n = 12), lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (n = 1) and undifferentiated carcinoma (n = 1). Staging of the 17 patients with SCC (58.8%) was stage I and II (n = 10, 58%), and stage III (n = 7, 41%). Staging of the 13 patients with adenocarcinoma was stage IV (n = 2, 16%) and stage III patients (n = 8, 66%). Follow-up data were available on 22 patients (71%) and showed a median survival of 17.2 months. Two and 5-year survival rates were 54.5% and 45.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: SCC comprised a relatively high proportion of NSCLC in these younger patients. Aggressive multimodality treatment may achieve satisfactory 2- and 5-year survival rates in young patients with NSCLC who usually present with advanced disease. 相似文献
75.
Yurci A Guven K Torun E Gursoy S Baskol M Akgun H Ozbakir O Yucesoy M 《European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology》2007,19(9):811-815
Interferon therapy is the cornerstone of chronic hepatitis C treatment. Side effects of interferon include possible triggering or exacerbation of immune diseases in consequence of immunomodulatory effects. We describe the unique case, in which pyoderma gangrenosum and exacerbation of psoriasis were developed 8 weeks after pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin therapy in a 45-year-old woman. The therapy had to be stopped on account of pyoderma gangrenosum and exacerbation of psoriasis in spite of a biochemical response to the therapy for hepatitis C. The evolution was favorable after stopping treatment. Therefore, we propose this would suggest a possible autoimmune mechanism for the development of pyoderma gangrenosum and exacerbation of psoriasis with pegylated interferon therapy. A susceptible patient, who has an autoimmune disease before interferon therapy, had to be informed that interferons may induce de novo or exacerbate existing immune diseases by immunomodulatory actions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of pyoderma gangrenosum and psoriasis that resulted from pegylated interferon alpha 2a and ribavirin treatment of chronic hepatitis C. 相似文献
76.
Fusun Sonat Ilker Ercan Senem Turan Ozdemir Guven Ozkaya Behzat Noyan 《Anatomical science international / Japanese Association of Anatomists》2009,84(4):298-304
In this study, we aimed to (1) propose landmarks for the hippocampus in a rat brain using an experimental study and (2) investigate
hippocampus shape changes in a rat brain with epilepsy using the statistical shape analysis method. We have used the statistical
shape analysis method to illustrate hippocampal shape deformation due to epilepsy. Statistical shape analysis is of increasing
interest to the neuroimaging community because of its potential for locating morphological changes. Nineteen rat brains (ten
healthy and nine epileptic) with hematoxylin and eosin images of the hippocampus were used. The results strongly indicated
that the normalized hippocampal shape of the epileptic group was different from the nonepileptic group; deformation was seen
most significantly in the medial regions of the cornu ammonis (CA1 and CA3) of the hippocampus. In conclusion, our landmark-based
methodology detected regional differences in the hippocampus in epilepsy. This study may serve as an initial reference for
future studies on shape alteration of the hippocampus associated with certain medical conditions. 相似文献
77.
Okan F Bereket G Nikain A Guven G 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》2008,23(4):553-553; discussion 557
78.
Lin WY Guven A Juan YS Neuman P Whitbeck C Chichester P Kogan B Levin RM Mannikarottu A 《BJU international》2008,101(5):621-626
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the use of free‐radical generation as a result of protein carbonylation and nitrotyrosination to characterize the level of bladder dysfunction after partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) and reversal.MATERIALS AND METHODS
We surgically created PBOO in male New Zealand White rabbits; after 4 weeks of PBOO, one group of six rabbits was assessed, while the PBOO was relieved in two additional groups of six rabbits each that were assessed at 4 and 8 weeks after relieving the PBOO. Six sham‐operated rabbits served as controls. Sedated rabbits were assessed by cystometry and the bladders were then removed for contractile, histological and molecular studies. Western blotting was used to determine the level of carbonylation and nitrotyrosination at the protein level.RESULTS
The PBOO group had significant decreases in the contractile responses to field stimulation, ATP, carbachol and KCl. The responses to all forms of stimulation increased significantly at 4 weeks after reversal, and further increased to near normal levels by 8 weeks. Similarly, compliance and cystometric values also returned to near normal values after reversal. The hypertrophied smooth muscle of the obstructed bladders regressed to near‐normal size. There was a significant increase in the level of carbonylation and nitrotyrosination after PBOO, and a progressive decrease in the 4‐week reversal groups, nearing control values by 8 weeks.CONCLUSIONS
Significantly increased carbonylation and nitrotyrosination levels after PBOO correlated with the severe dysfunction in the obstructed rabbits. Similarly, decreased levels of oxidation and nitration correlated with the functional recovery after reversal. 相似文献79.
Focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia is an uncommon, benign bone lesion that causes deformity of the long bones in young children. It has most commonly been encountered in the proximal tibia, and very rarely in the long bones of the upper limb, that is, the proximal humerus, distal radius, ulna, and proximal phalanx. Only one case of focal fibrocartilaginous dysplasia of the proximal humerus has been reported previously. The present study reports two such additional cases that were diagnosed in late childhood. The clinical presentation and radiographic findings are described with an emphasis on the natural evolution of the disease. Limb-length discrepancy is anticipated in these children in the long-term follow-up and, therefore, surgical intervention should be considered in the treatment. 相似文献
80.
This case report involves a 60-year-old diabetic man who developed septic arthritis as a result of the pathogen Morganella morganii. The patient had complaints of elevated body temperature, malaise, rigors and pain in the left knee, despite no history of
trauma. On examination of the knee, erythema, warmth, tenderness and swelling was observed. Arthrocentesis performed on his
left knee indicated the presence of straw-coloured, cloudy fluid without crystals. Bacterial identification based on biochemical
and automated methods indicated the growth of M morganii. M morganii was also isolated sedimentafrom the exudate of a diabetic ulcer in the left foot, with antibiotic susceptibilities identical
to those from the knee effusion. This case indicates that M morganii may be considered as a possible cause of septic arthritis in diabetic patients, especially those with diabetic foot infections. 相似文献