克山病病区玉米及酱块对大鼠心肌损伤的实验研究

Objective To investigate the myocardial damage in rats fed with corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their body weights, and fed with corn, corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree, corn from non-endemic area. The GSH-Px activity of vena cardalis blood was examined in 1 and 3 months, rats were sacrificed after being fed for 6 months to examine the heart changes with HE stain. Results The three groups of GSH-Px activity were different in 1 and 3 months respectively(F=23.60,72.46, all P<0.01); GSH-Px activity was (181.58±22.15), (44.76±28.59)U/L in rats fed with corn, was (195.03±17.66), (30.38±3.35)U/L in those fed with corn added with bean puree from Keshan disease area, lower than the group fed with corn of non-endemic area[(340.90±95.42), (125.17±13.64)U/L, all P < 0.01]. But the difference of GSH-Px activity between simple corn group and corn adding bean puree groups of Keshan disease area was not obvious(P>0.05). Myocardial damage incidence of the three groups was 3/9,1/9,2/7. Difference among three groups did not have statistical significance(χ2=1.33, P> 0.05). Conclusions Only corn from Keshan disease area may induce myocardial damage pathology change. Adding bean puree into corn does not increase damage.     

经皮集束电极射频消融治疗小肝癌

目的 探讨经皮集束电极射频消融(radiofrequency ablation,RFA)对小肝癌(直径≤3cm)的治疗效果。方法利用RF-2000TM肿瘤射频治疗系统,在B超引导下对21例小肝癌患者24个肿块进行经皮肝穿刺射频热凝治疗,并用B超及CT检查以了解RFA治疗效果,随访观察其复发和生存情况。结果 RFA治疗后100％(20/20)的肿块血供消失(另4个治疗前即无血供),且2,4个肿块呈完全凝固性坏死(100％)。随访6月-3年,21侧中存活19例,半年生存率100％。存活的19例中,已有5例生存半年,4例生存1年,6例生存2年,4例生存3年。结论 集束电极RFA治疗小肝癌创伤小,安全,疗效可靠。     

米铂的合成工艺改进

本研究对米铂(1)的合成工艺进行了改进。十四烷酸(2)和氢氧化钠在乙酸乙酯/纯化水混合溶剂中反应,经静置析晶得十四烷酸钠(3)。3和奥沙利铂(4)在水中反应,经静置析晶、抽滤、热纯化水淋洗和精制后得1,纯度达99.91%,总收率79%(以2计),并且将1中3和草酸的含量均降至0.05%以下。优化后的工艺对原料2的质量要求降低:同系物十至十六烷酸单杂含量不超过0.2%,各杂质含量之和不超过1.0%即可得到合格产品,后处理简单,易于工业化生产。     

Evaluation of the Toxicological Profile of the Leaves and Young Twigs of Caesalpinia Bonduc (Linn) Roxb

Acute and sub-acute toxicological effects of ethanolic extract of the leaves and young twigs of Caesalpinia bonduc were carried out on albino rats. Single extract doses from 2000 to 5000 mg/kg body weight were administered orally and monitored for 14 days in acute study, while extract doses from 200 to 1600 mg/kg body weight were orally administered daily for 28 days in sub-acute study and recovery was assessed 14 days after dosing. Biochemical, haematological and histopathological examinations were carried out. There was no mortality in the experimental animals in all acute treatment doses. However, there were significant alterations in the biomarkers and induced cellular damage to the liver in all acute treatment doses. In the sub-acute toxicity treatment, the assessed biomarkers were unaffected at extract dose of 200 mg/kg body weight compared to control, while significant changes were observed in rats administered with extract doses of 400 mg/kg body weight and above. No significant difference was observed between the tested groups and the recovery groups in the sub-acute toxicity study. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of C. bonduc could be toxic to selected organs of the rat body in acute and sub-acute treatments.     

异种鼠原位肝移植模型的改进

目的:建立金黄地鼠到大鼠异种原位肝移植模型,使异种肝移植模型能够普及应用. 方法:共施行99例金黄地鼠到大鼠原位肝移植,其中44例采用Kamada方法,55例采用改进方法(即受体肝分步切除的二袖套法原位肝移植),对两种术式的操作时间、无肝期及手术成功率等进行了比较. 结果:Kamada方法受体手术时间(44.1±4.5) min、无肝期(17.1±2.2) min、肝下下腔静脉和门静脉套接时间均3.5 min、手术成功率88.6% (39/44),改进方法所需时间分别为(39.2±3.7) min, (13.9±1.2) min, 1 min,手术成功率87.3% (48/55). 结论:改进的受体肝分步切除的二袖套法金黄地鼠到大鼠异种原位肝移植术,能缩短无肝期和手术时间,是异种肝移植研究较简单、易行、稳定的动物模型.     

地塞米松对体外嗜酸粒细胞白介素3、白介素5和GM-CSF受体的共同β受体mRNA表达的影响及意义

目的 观察地塞米松对哮喘豚鼠体外不同密度嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)凋亡及IL-3、IL-5和粒细胞-巨噬细胞集落刺激因子受体的共同β受体(βcR)mRNA表达的影响.探讨地塞米松促进哮喘EOS凋亡的机制.方法 卵蛋白激发哮喘豚鼠动物模型48 h后行支气管肺泡灌洗,分离低密度EOS(HEOS)及正常密度EOS(NEOS).HEOS及NEOS分别与地塞米松(10-10～10-5mol/L)共培养24 h,以原位杂交方法检测不同密度EOS的βcR mRNA表达,3'末端脱氧核苷转移酶介导的脱氧三磷酸尿苷缺口末端标记法检测细胞凋亡.结果 地塞米松干预24 h后,可见EOS凋亡增加的同时,不同密度EOS中βcR mRNA表达下降,并与地塞米松浓度呈剂量依赖性.βcR表达与EOS凋亡呈负相关(P<0.05).结论 地塞米松可抑制不同密度EOS表达βcR,抑制其细胞因子活动,促进EOS凋亡.地塞米松可以通过增加EOS中βcR表达调节EOS凋亡.     

FLIP腺病毒表达载体的构建及其在大鼠肺血管内皮细胞中的表达

目的：构建FLIP（FLICE—inhibitory protein）腺病毒表达载体并观察该载体在大鼠肺血管内皮细胞（PVEC）中的表达情况,为研究FLIP蛋白的抗凋亡作用打下基础．方法：利用含有大鼠FLIP基因的原始载体,通过Admax腺病毒包装系统,构建表达大鼠FLIP基因的重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP;原代培养并鉴定大鼠PVEC．利用成功构建的重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP感染大鼠PVEC．通过逆转录酶-多聚酶链反应（reverse transcfiptase—polymerase chain reaction,RT—PCR）和Western Blot分别检测经重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP感染后大鼠PVEC及对照组细胞中FLIP基因mRNA和蛋白表达水平．结果：成功构建含有大鼠FLIP基因的重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP;经Ⅷ因子间接免疫荧光鉴定原代培养大鼠PVEC纯度达90％以上;大鼠PVEC经重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP感染后24h即检测到FLIP mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显增高．结论：重组腺病毒Ad—FLIP可有效提高大鼠PVEC中FLIP基因的表达水平．     

雷公藤甲素对体外不同密度嗜酸细胞凋亡及GM-CSF受体αmRNA表达的影响

目的观察雷公藤甲素(Triptolide,TP)对哮喘豚鼠体外不同密度嗜酸细胞(Eos)凋亡及粒细胞-巨噬细胞克隆剌激因子受体α(GM-CSFRα)mRNA表达的影响,探讨TP促Eos凋亡的机制。方法卵蛋白激发哮喘豚鼠48h后,行支气管肺泡灌洗,分离低密度Eos(HEos)及正常密度Eos(NEos)。HEos及NEos分别与TP(10-7～10-4mol/L)共培养24h,以原位杂交检测Eos表达GM-CSFRαmRNA,3′末端脱氧核苷转移酶介导的脱氧三磷酸尿苷(d-UTP)缺口末端标记(TUNEL)法检测细胞凋亡。结果哮喘豚鼠不同密度Eos经TP干预24h后,细胞凋亡增加,与对照相比HEos在10-7mol/L时出现差异(P<0.05),NEos在10-6mol/L时出现差异(P<0.05),同时不同密度EosGM-CSFRαmRNA表达增加,与对照相比均在10-5mol/L时出现差异(P<0.05)。Eos凋亡与TP浓度呈剂量依赖性。HEos与NEos表达GM-CSFRα无差异(P>0.05)。不同密度Eos表达GM-CSFRα与Eos凋亡呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论TP可促进哮喘豚鼠不同密度Eos...     

Definitive Surgery for Perforated Peptic Ulcer in Malaysia1

Seventy-three cases of perforated peptic ulcer (51 duodenal and 22 gastric) are reviewed. The condition is common in the Chinese, but rare in Malays, Indians, Pakistanis and Ceylonese. Simple closure is followed by a high recurrence rate. Emergency definitive surgery is safe. Difficulties with follow-up of patients favour a wider use of emergency definitive surgery for perforated peptic ulcer in Malaysia.