Use of a personal computer to monitor adverse drug reactions

The Pharmacy department at Sewickley Valley Hospital, Sewickley, Pennsylvania, has developed an adverse drug reaction database using DBase III Plus software. The computer database allows instant, custom manipulation of large amounts of data, and aids in the analysis of adverse drug reaction reports for quality assurance purposes.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定塞来昔布片含量

目的 :建立反相高效液相色谱法测定塞来昔布片的含量。方法 :采用ZorbaxSB -C18色谱柱 ,以 0 .0 2mol·L-1磷酸二氢钾缓冲液 (pH5 .8) 乙腈 (4 5 :5 5 )为流动相 ,流速为 1.0mL·min-1,以 5 甲基 2 硝基苯酚为内标物 ,检测波长为 2 5 2nm。结果 :塞来昔布在 10 .2～ 5 0 .1mg·L-1范围内呈良好线性 (r =0 .9998) ,平均回收率为 99.8% ,RSD为 0 .35 %。结论 :本法可用于该片的含量测定 ,操作简便 ,结果准确。     

反义寡核苷酸的化学修饰

反义技术是近20年来发展的一种全新的药物设计方法。本文就近几年来反义寡核苷酸在化学修饰方面，包括骨架修饰、糖环修饰、碱基修饰等的最新发展进行了综述。     

胸段食管癌三维适形放疗摆位误差研究

Objective To study the setup errors in three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) for thoracic esophageal carcinoma using electronic portal imaging device(EPID) and calculate the margins from CTV to PTV. Methods Forty-one patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma who received 3DCRT were continuously enrolled into this study. The anterior and lateral electronic portal images (EPI) were aquired by EPID once a week. The setup errors were obtained through comparing the difference between EPI and digitally reconstructed radiographs(DRR). Then the setup margins from CTV to PTV were calculat-ed. By using self paired design,22 patients received definitive radiotherapy with different margins. Group A: the margins were 10 mm in all the three axes;Group B: the margins were aquired in this study. The differ-ence were compared by Paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Results The margins from CTV to PTV in x,y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. Between the group A and group B, the difference of the maximum dose of the spinal cord was significant(4638.7 cGy±1449.6 cGy vs. 4310.2 cGy±1528.7 cGy; t=5.48, P=0.000), and the difference of NTCP for the spinal cord was also significant (4.82%±5.99% vs. 3.64%±4.70%;Z=-2.70,P=0.007). Conclusions For patients with tho-racic esophageal carcinoma who receive 3DCRT in author's department,the margins from CTV to PTV in x, y and z axes were 8.72 mm, 10.50 mm and 5.62 mm, respectively. The spinal cord could be better protected by using these setup margins than using 10 mm in each axis.     

核素骶髂关节显像对强直性脊柱炎治疗监测的价值

目的 利用核素骶髂关节显像以及骶髂关节与骶骨的核素比值测定方法，探讨其在强直性脊柱炎(AS)治疗监测中的价值。方法 29例临床及CT确诊AS的病人，共58个骶髂关节，先行核素骶髂关节显像及其核素比值测定，然后进行临床药物治疗。治疗后2周再行同样的核素检查方法，观察其变化情况。结果 58个骶髂关节中，有51个骶髂关节示放射性核素呈不同程度浓聚，骶髂关节与骶骨放射性比值明显高于正常；2周后的检查所见其中原有异常的骶髂关节情况明显改善，有51个骶髂关节与骶骨比值均有降低，其中47个降至正常范围。两组比较差异有显著意义。结论 核素骶髂关节显像及其骶髂关节与骶骨核素比值测定，对骶髂关节炎的活动性监测具有重要的应用价值。     

The prediction of late rectal complications in patients treated with high dose-rate brachytherapy for carcinoma of the cervix

: The aim of this work is to invetigate an unusually high rate of late rectal complications in a group of 43 patients treated with concomitant irradiation and chemotherapy for carcinoma of the cervix between December 1988 and April 1991, with a view to identifying predictive factors.

: The biologically effective dose received by each patient to the rectal reference point defined by the International Commission of Radiation Units and Measurements, Report 38, were calculated. Radiotherapy consisted of 46 Gy external beam irradiation plus three dose-rate intracavitary treatments of 10 Gy each prescribed to point A. Cisplatin 30 mg/m² was given weekly throughout the duration of the irradiation. The results have been compared to data from 119 patients treated with irradiation alone to assess the cofounding effect of the cisplatin.

: The relationship between the biologically effective dose delivered to the rectal reference point and the development of late complications shows a strong dose-response with a threshold for complications occurring at aproximately the same biologically effective dose threshold as that found for external beam irradiation in the head and neck region. The date from the group of patients treated wihout cisplatin is comparable to the date from the first group of patients in the lower dose ranges; the higher doses were not used and thus are not available for comparison.

: Using the linear quadratic model applied to our clinical results, we have established a threshold for late rectal complications for patients treated with external beam irradiation and high dose-rate brachytherapy for carcinoma of the cervix. This threshold is consistent with similar data for external irradiation in the head and neck region.