H-2半相合CD34+和TK+T细胞移植建立急性移植物抗宿主病模型及丙氧鸟苷疗效观察

目的　探讨HSV TK/GCV对H 2半相合CD34 细胞和TK T细胞混合移植急性移植物抗宿主病 (GVHD)的疗效。方法　从亲代雄性供鼠骨髓分离CD34 细胞 ,同时取脾脏T细胞转染tk基因。4 8只受鼠随机分为 6组 ,第 1组输入CD34 细胞 (1× 10 5) ;第2、3组输入CD34 细胞和T细胞 (1× 10 7) ;第 4～ 6组输入CD34 细胞和TK T细胞 (1× 10 7)。第 1组不予任何处理 ;第 2、4组于d0～d14给予PBS 0 2ml/d;第 3、5、6组于d7、d0、d7开始给予丙氧鸟苷(GCV)治疗 ,剂量为 5 0mg/ (kg·d)× 7天腹腔注射。结果　第 1组受鼠全部长期存活 ,无急性GVHD发生。 2～ 6组均发生急性GVHD ,病理表现典型。 2～ 4组 3周内均死于急性GVHD ,第 5、6组生存时间分别为 2 6 6± 4 8天和 4 0 5± 8 4天 ,与 2～4组相比差异显著 (P <0 0 1) ,第 6组生存时间长于第 5组(P <0 0 5 )。结论　H 2半相合CD34 和TK T细胞移植能够建立急性GVHD模型 ;TK/GCV系统对急性GVHD有较好治疗作用 ;GCV给予时间不同则疗效有差异。     

有抗肿瘤活性的青蒿B衍生物

从菊科值物黄花蒿(Artemisia annua L.)中分离得到的青蒿B(arteannuin B)是一个有α-次甲基五元环倍半萜内酯化合物。文献报道一些α-次甲基环内酯萜类化合物具有抗肿瘤活性,如模地胆宁(molephantinin)。     

Psychosocial aspects of head and neck cancer--a review of the literature

This study is a systematic analysis of the literature on psychosocial aspects in head and neck cancer patients. Patients with head and neck cancer experience a variety of physical as well as psychosocial problems. Physical problems include swallowing or chewing, speech and physical appearance. Psychosocial problems include anxiety, depression, loss of self-esteem and uncertainty about the future. Because of these problems, isolation from friends typically occurs, re-employment is difficult, and there are social and sexual tensions within families. Information and support by professionals, partners and/or fellow patients are related to positive rehabilitation outcomes such as the acquisition of speech, increases in constructive social functioning and decreases in depression.     

Three-phase radionuclide bone imaging in sports medicine

Three-phase radionuclide bone (TPB) imaging was performed on 238 patients with sports-related injuries. A wide variety of lesions was encountered, but the most frequent lesions seen were stress fractures of the lower part of the leg at the junction of the middle and distal thirds of the posterior tibial cortex (42 of 79 lesions). There were no differences in the type, location, or distribution of lesions between males and females or between competitive and noncompetitive athletes. In 110 cases, bone stress lesions were often diagnosed when radiographs were normal, whereas subacute or chronic soft-tissue abnormalities had few specific scintigraphic features. TPB imaging provides significant early diagnostic information about bone stress lesions. Normal examination results (53 cases) exclude underlying osseous pathologic conditions.     

Mild idiopathic lateral cerebral ventricular dilatation in utero: sonographic evaluation

The authors prospectively studied 20 fetuses with mild dilatation of the lateral cerebral ventricles but no other detectable central nervous system abnormality. One case (5%) occurred in a diabetic pregnancy, and three (15%) involved twin pregnancies. Fifteen (75%) fetuses were male, and one (5%) had trisomy 21. Postnatal follow-up at 15-31 months showed a normal outcome in eight cases (40%), an uncertain prognosis in four cases (20%), and death in eight cases (40%). Serial antenatal sonograms were obtained in 17 cases. Among the eight cases with a normal outcome, seven demonstrated no additional sonographic abnormalities and six showed resolution of the ventricular dilatation antenatally. Conversely, all 12 fetuses with demise or an uncertain prognosis demonstrated additional sonographic abnormalities, and six showed stable or progressive ventricular dilatation on follow-up sonograms. Since mild idiopathic lateral ventricular dilatation has a widely variable prognosis, antenatal detection of this finding warrants search for additional findings and follow-up sonography.     

Oocyte retrieval in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program: comparison of four methods

The records of 191 patients involved in 316 treatment cycles over 3 years in an in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer program were reviewed. Follicular aspiration, oocyte retrieval, pregnancy rates, technical difficulty, and complications were compared in four oocyte retrieval methods: 117 laparoscopic retrievals, 116 ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous transvesical retrievals, 43 US-guided transvaginal retrievals, and 40 combined US and laparoscopic retrievals. The mean number of aspirated follicles (9.14) was greatest in the transvaginal retrieval group, but the ratio of oocytes to punctured follicles was not statistically greater in any of the groups. The overall clinical pregnancy rate per cycle was highest in the transvaginal retrieval group: 12 of 43 cycles resulted in pregnancy, or 27.9%. The number of delivered babies (16.3%) was also highest in the transvaginal retrieval group. US-guided transvaginal oocyte retrieval is recommended as the method of choice.