放射核素对鼻腔泪囊吻合术的评价

目的运用99mTcO4-放射性核素显像技术对鼻腔泪囊吻合术进行评价。方法用放射性核素显像技术对37例行鼻腔泪囊吻合术的慢性泪囊炎病人在手术前后进行检查,同时测定泪囊的横径。结果37例行手术的病人术后有32例显像通畅与随访结果相符;5例有并发症的仍不通畅。结纶核素显像技术能确切地反映鼻泪道状况,是一种切实可用的随访评价指标。女性患者泪囊横径随年龄增大而缩小,不同年龄组间有显著性差异。     

生长抑素十四肽对大鼠胰腺炎微循环的影响

目的：在建立ＡＨＮＰ的大鼠模型基础上,初步研究急性胰腺炎（ＡＰ）的成因及药物对其的治疗作用。方法：利用微循环技术观察微血管口径、密度、血流速度、血流状态、微区血流量及治疗前后胰淀粉酶的变化及其光镜、电镜的超微病理学改变。结果：生长抑素十四肽组微循环各项指标的改善较模型组差异显著（Ｐ＜０．０１）,胰腺病变程度显著轻于病理对照组。结论：胰腺微循环的障碍可导致ＡＰ的发生,而生长抑素十四肽能有效地改善胰腺微循环而达到治疗目的。     

复合型聚合物电解质的研究进展

综述了通过物理改性的方法制成的复合型聚合物电解质（ＣＰＥ）的研究进展,并介绍了ＣＰＥ薄膜的制备工艺,以及ＣＰＥ应用在聚合物二次锂电池中的最新成果。     

海南省黎族居民弓形虫感染情况调查

为了解我省黎族居民弓形虫感染情况的流行特征,采用间接红细胞凝集试验（ＩＨＡ）对保亭、通什、昌江三县市部分黎族居民进行了形本调查,并调查８５６人,结果抗体阳性３１人,阳性率３．６２％。调查结果表明,黎族居民弓形虫感染比较严重应当引起重视。     

An aerosol challenge model of Bordetella pertussis infection as a potential bioassay for acellular pertussis vaccines

Whole cell and five different types of acellular pertussis vaccine were assayed using a mouse aerosol challenge model which permitted delivery of a controlled, consistent dose of Bordetella pertussis to the lower respiratory tract. Using this system, the viable counts in the lungs of vaccinated mice were immunisation dose-dependent and allowed the protective capacity of different vaccine preparations to be distinguished. This model may thus provide the basis for a protection assay for pertussis vaccines. Comparison of acellular vaccines with a whole cell pertussis vaccine showed that the latter gave better active protection in mice but with a different dose-response relationship. Thus the two types of vaccine are not directly comparable in the same assay and require different reference standards. A pentavalent type acellular vaccine is suggested as a possible candidate standard for the acellular vaccine potency test. The results suggest that this aerosol challenge model has potential for use as a potency test for acellular pertussis vaccines.     

八氯二丙醚增强氯氰菊酯杀灭蜚蠊效果观察

目的：为寻找杀灭蜚蠊的有效制剂,制备了高效氯氟菊酯毒饵。并进行了实验室和现场杀灭蜚蠊效果的观察。方法：将氯氰菊酯可湿性粉剂与增效剂八氯二丙醚按比例混合,配以红糖、奶粉等赋形剂制成所需颗粒状毒饵。进行适口性及动物毒性试验,并与不加增效剂的毒饵进行实验室和现场的杀灭蜚蠊效果对比观察。结果：适口性试验结果表明,蜚蠊对高效氯氰菊酯毒饵24h消耗量为98mg,对混合饲料24h消耗量为8mng。动物毒性试验结果表明,该毒饵对小白鼠的LD50＞10000mg／kg。实验和现场杀灭蜚蠊结果表明,该毒饵具有击倒虫体迅速和高效、低毒的效果。投放毒饵3个月后,虫体仍保持低密度。结论：此毒饵具有高效、速杀和滞留杀灭蜚蠊的效果,完全符合实际应用要求。     

特发性黄斑裂孔的光学相干断层扫描图像特征

目的 观察特发性黄斑裂孔的光学相干断层扫描(optical coherence tomography,OCT)图像的形态特征。 方法 对65例直接检眼镜或三面镜检查诊断为特发性黄斑裂孔的患者的70只患眼进行OCT、眼底彩色照相和/或荧光素眼底血管造影(fundus fluorescein angiography,FFA)检查,结合临床特征对OCT图像进行分析。 结果 70只眼中,1,2,3,4期黄斑裂孔分别为11,12,36,11只眼。OCT图像特征1期者表现为黄斑中心凹变浅或消失,神经上皮层浅脱离,中心凹平均厚度为(324.55±139.92)μm;2期者为视网膜表层部分缺失伴小的视网膜组织全层缺损,裂孔的表面有一个可贴附的盖,裂孔平均孔径为(241.75±107.08)μm;3期者为神经上皮层全层缺损,游离盖或无盖,裂孔周围可伴有不同程度囊样水肿,裂孔孔径为(699.78±160.99)μm;4期者图像特征与3期相似,但伴黄斑区和视盘玻璃体后脱离,裂孔孔径(631.36±243.46)μm。 结论 OCT能直观、清晰地显示特发性黄斑裂孔的横截面形态特征,同时能精确地测量裂孔的大小。 (中华眼底病杂志, 1999, 15: 205-208)     

白内障超声乳化,玻璃体切除及人工晶体植入联合手术的疗效

目的：探讨白内障超乳化摘除,睫状体平坦部下班体切割及人工晶体囊袋内植入联合手术的疗效及安全性。方法：对玻璃体视网膜病普合并白内障１８例（１８眼）施行该联合手术。其中糖尿病性视网膜病变,玻璃体出血伴白内障１０例;视网膜分枝静脉阻塞,玻璃体出血伴白内障４例;视网膜静脉周围炎,玻璃体出血伴白内障３例及特发性视网膜１例,术后随访２～１３个月（平均９月）。结果：术后视力均有不同程度提高。１２眼（６７％）术后     

Electron microscopy observation on pre- and post-treatment skin of dorsum pedis of chyluric patient treated with heat-clearing and hemostatic drugs--the lymphangial wall damage being the pathogenesis of chyluria]

Heat-clearing and hemostatic drugs were effective in treating chyluria. In order to explore the curative mechanism, a group of 10 in-patients with chyluria were chosen and treated with heat-clearing and hemostatic drugs for 45 days. Some pre- and post-treatment skin from dorsum pedis of the patients were taken off and observed under electron microscope. It showed that the walls of lymphatic capillaries were seriously damaged before treatment and rehabilitated wall after treatment. The pinocytotic vesicles were packed tightly in the endothelial cells of capillaries before treatment and their number was decreased remarkably after treatment; the mast cells were rare in number and abnormal as spindle shape before treatment and they increased in number and became round or oval in shape, the nucleus became large, the granules they contained became more in number and larger in size after treatment, lymph edema was noticed before treatment and it disappeared after treatment. The result showed that the extensive lesion of lymphangial walls is the pathogenesis of chyluria, while the rehabilitation of them is the curative mechanism. It seems that in the process of rehabilitation the mast cells act took the role of "soldier-engineer".     

激光共聚焦显微镜比较观察甾体皂苷Trilliuo、Lc253、Lc239对培养心肌细胞内[Ca2+]i的作用

目的：薯蓣皂苷元的皂苷为许多抗心血管中药中的主要活性成分，具有重要研究价值。本研究以经人工合成获得的薯蓣皂苷元皂苷同系物甾体皂苷Trilliuo(署蓣皂苷元葡萄糖苷、Lc253[薯蓣皂苷鼠李糖(1→2)葡萄糖苷]、Lc239(薯蓣皂苷元[鼠李糖(1→2)，葡萄糖(1→3)]葡萄糖苷)为研究对象，通过考察它们对培养心肌细胞钙离子释放的影响，分析其构效关系。方法：利用激光共聚焦显微镜测定加入fluo3—AM培养的心肌细胞中的钙离子变化情况。结果：Lc253能明显增强心肌细胞节律性和呈浓度依赖性增加心肌细胞静息钙离子水平，加入CaCl2 10mmol/L or KCl 60 mmol/L后钙离子荧光峰强度仍维持在较高水平；而Trilliuo and Lc239在10^—5mmol/L浓度时，对心肌细胞静息钙离子水平作用不明显，在高浓度胞外Ca^2 或K^ 情况下，抑制心肌细胞内钙离子升高；其作用特点与verapamil相似，具有钙离子通道阻断作用。结论：研究结果显示三种甾体皂苷对细胞内钙离子浓度有所差异，结构中连接糖的数目与调孔钙内流的活性有重要的相关性。这些皂苷类化合物对钙离子通道的活性有潜在的开发价值。