有助改善人体健康的纳米生物科技

纳米技术是20世纪80年代末期兴起的新技术。此种新技术是指在1-100nm这一尺度范围内对原子和分子运动规律和特性进行研究和应用。通过直接操纵和安排原子、分子将物质转变成具有特殊性能的新材料的科学技术。纳米技术研究的最终目标是直接以原子和分子为起点，从纳米材料出发或采用纳米加工技术，制造出具有特殊功能的产品，从而改变人类的生产和生活模式。纳米科技保健产品对促进人类健康有积极作用。     

中药联合干扰素对轻度慢性乙型肝炎患者生存质量的影响

目的评价中药联合干扰素对慢性乙型肝炎患者生活质量的影响。方法应用慢性肝病特异性量表（CLDQ）观察对照组（干扰素组）52例和治疗组（干扰素加中药辨证治疗组）48例治疗前后CLDQ评分的变化及患者HBV DNA转阴率、HBeAg、HBeAb血清学转换的情况。结果治疗组治疗后CLDQ评分较治疗前有明显提高（P〈0.01）,血清中HBeAg阴转率、HBeAb阳转率、HVB DNA阴转率亦均显著高于对照组（P〈0.05）。结论中医辨证联合干扰素抗病毒治疗能提高慢性乙型肝炎的生活质量及抗病毒疗效。     

富硒保健食品的研究与开发

生物有机硒安全、更易被人体吸收和利用。选用不同生物具有同化无机硒为有机硒的能力，可生产一系列富硒保健品。研究和开发富硒保健品对人体健康具有重要意义。     

四川石渠县鼠疫耶尔森菌的分子生物学特征

目的：对四川省石渠县鼠疫耶尔森菌的遗传特性进行分析。并与其他类型的鼠疫苗株相比较。方法：特征性基因的PCR扩增，随机扩增多态性DNA，脉冲场电泳、rRNA基因指纹图分析等。结果：石渠县的菌株为典型的鼠疫菌株，具有鼠疫强毒菌的典型特征，从该县青海田鼠中分离的鼠疫菌株，其分子生物学特征与我国其他疫源地中的鼠疫菌株明显不同。结论：该地可能存在一种新类型的鼠疫自然疫源地，其鼠疫菌属于一单独型别；1999年该县发生的人间鼠疫。感染来自该疫源地之外；对该疫源地仍须密切监视，以确定其对人类的威胁。     

我国微量元素铁的检测亟待规范化

近十年来，国内医学微量元素研究者对微量元素铁的研究做了大量的工作，取得了可喜的成绩，其中包括对大量的正常人群的检测以及相关疾病病人的检测，积累了一批可贵的资料，为微量元素铁的深入研究奠定了基础。由于检测所采用的仪器不同，方法各异以及技术水平的差异，得出的检测值差别甚大（表1、表2），故很难做出正确的比较。为了方便比较，上述表1中原作者的检测值全部化为以μmol／L，为单位，表2发铁的检测值全部化为以ppm为单位。表1中大多数检测对象为儿童，最大的检测值与最小的检测值比较，相差在6借以上。即使使用同～种方法，…     

全国高职护理专业教学资源库管理机制研究

目的探讨全国高职护理专业教学资源库的管理机制。方法从构建过程和运行过程两方面探讨资源库管理机制,构建过程管理包括资源库建设人员组织及管理和资源库建设架构管理;运行过程管理包括教学资源维护管理、资源库运行管理和用户权限管理。通过现场访谈和问卷调查的方法评价效果。结果成功构建护理专业教学资源库,用户对资源库总体满意度现场访谈为91.81%,调查问卷为88.28%。每周使用护理专业教学资源库的用户占52.30%。31.67%现场用户和44.99%问卷用户提出需要提高网页浏览速度。结论通过资源库构建过程和运行过程两个环节对构建并运行全国高职护理专业教学资源库进行了有益的尝试。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.     

我国新发现的鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌基因组序列测定及分析

目的 测定和分析我国新发现的鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌株（耶尔森菌）的全基因组序列,探讨玉龙疫情菌株(D106004)与邻近两个疫源地剑川菌株(D182038)和西藏菌株(Z176003)的亲缘关系。方法 采用全基因鸟枪法及Solexa方法对3株鼠疫菌株进行全基因组测序,并进行比较基因组学分析。基因组间编码序列比较分析采用BLAST软件进行,基因组间重排分析采用MAUVE软件进行。结果 鼠疫菌株D106004、D 182038、Z176003均具有1个染色体和3个质粒,菌株间染色体、质粒特征基本相似;3株菌株间编码序列的蛋白相邻类的聚簇(COG)功能分类及插入序列数目比较差异无统计学意义(x2值分别为3.03、0.257,P均＞0.05)。菌株间编码序列、单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)和基因组重排结果显示,在3株菌株中,有2882个基因具有100％的同源性。其中D106004菌株预测的3636个基因中与D182038菌株一致的基因有2994个,90％以上相似的基因有240个;与Z176003菌株一致的基因有3113个,90％以上相似的基因有200个;D106004菌株与Z176003、D182038菌株的同义SNPs数为59、68个,非同义SNPs数为104、203个;D106004与Z176003菌株之间可分为11个重排片段,较之D106004与D182038菌株之间的16个重排片段数目明显减少。结论 3株鼠疫菌株基因之间具有高度同源性,D106004与Z176003菌株之间的亲缘关系较之与D182038菌株更为接近,玉龙疫源地菌株可能是由西藏疫源地菌株进化而来。     

应用rLF检测人群血清抗炭疽抗体水平的初步评价

目的对重组炭疽致死因子(rLF)在人群血清抗体水平检测中的初步应用进行评价。方法间接ELISA方法检测人群血清特异抗体,检测结果按照抗体相对含量进行分类比较、t检验、S/N比值大于等于2.1的阳性判断标准等多种方法进行统计分析。结果rLF的检测结果能区别大部分的病人和健康人,实验结果还显示出在我国部分地区的健康人尤其是健康从业人员中也有相当一部分人抗体水平较高,有的甚至达到了感染病人的抗体水平,提示炭疽在我国部分地区有较强隐性感染。结论致死因子显示出一定的应用潜力,可能用在炭疽的临床诊断、疾病监测、以及用来评估某地区的炭疽流行强度。     

4种病原菌特异基因片段阳性蜱的16S rRNA基因克隆文库分析

Objective To develop the method of 16S rRNA gene clone library for tick bacterial flora analysis, and to analyze the detection effective of pathogens in tick and capacity of bacterial flora diversity. Methods Primers were designed according to the specific gene of Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and templates were choosen by positive PCR result to amplify the DNA extracted from the ticks. One set of primers targeting 16S rRNA gene conserved region were chosen to amplify certain fragments, DNA extraction, PCR reaction, cloning and sequencing. Nucleotide sequences were compared with GenBank database. Calculated Coverage values of clone library and Shannon-Wiener diversity index. Results Sixteen defined genus-or species-bacteria were detected in 103 valid sequences. Eight species were edge type (Clone No. > 5). Three kinds of pathogens were identified (Borrelia burgdorferi, Bartonella henselae and Rickettsia sp). Three kinds of pathogens were not edge type(Clone No. < 5). Coverage value was 96.11%, and Shannon-Wiener index was 2.40. Analysis results of cloning sequence showed that tick-parasitic bacteria mainly were α and γ deformation mycetes which accounted for 56.25% (9/16). Conclusions The 16S rRNA gene sequences technology could make relative quantitative of bacterial flora, and detect many kinds of pathogens in tick. It's a good method for detection of pathogens and bacterial flora analysis.