新型冠状病毒肺炎免疫治疗药物托珠单抗的作用机制及安全性风险分析

目的分析托珠单抗的安全性风险,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法对世界卫生组织药品不良反应监测数据库、我国药品不良反应监测数据库、国内文献数据库中的不良反应报告情况及国外药监机构风险控制措施等相关资料进行整理与分析。结果应重视托珠单抗临床使用中可能发生的肝功能异常、皮肤损害、过敏反应、胃肠道损害、感染、血液系统损害等不良反应。结论托珠单抗临床使用中,应加强对严重感染及肝功能损害等严重不良反应的安全性监测,促进药品的临床合理使用。     

还原型谷胱甘肽联合甘草酸二铵对腹部开放伤后海水浸泡犬肝功能损伤的治疗作用

Objective To investigate effect of reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate on the treatment of hepatic damage in experimental dogs following open abdominal injuries coupled with seawater immersion. Methods Twenty-four dogs with open abdominal injuries were randomly divided into 3 groups: the control group (given with simple observation after 1.5 h seawater immersion); the routine treatment group (given routine care and fluid transfusion after 1.5 h seawater immersion) ; the hepatic treatment group (given routine are, fluid transfusion and hepatic treatment as well, after 1.5 h seawater immersion). Each group consisted of 8 dogs. Blood samples were taken at different time points to measure total bilirubin (TB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), prothromin time (PT), endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and pathological examination was also made at the same time. Results For the control group, contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH increased significantly and survival time was less than 24 hours. Contents of TB, ALT, AST and LDH of the routine treatment group also increased significantly, but survival time of all the experimental animals was mere than 24 hours. Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate could reduce the extent of lesion quite significantly 12～24 hours following open abdominal injuries. Conclusions Reduced glutathione and diammonium glycyrrhizinate seemed to have good effects on the treatment and prevention against hepatic damage induced by trauma coupled with seawater immersion. It could be used as a primary means for the treatment of such kind of hepatic damage.     

社区卫生服务:行走在点线面之间

2006开年,一个似曾相识的专有名词重返人们的视野——社区卫生服务,作为一种由政府强力推动的解困手法,被迅速纳入到有效缓解“看病难看病贵”的社会预期之中。由上而下的理论先导,只能经由行之有效的实践打磨才能得以还原。如果将整个社区卫生服务网络比作一个完整的神经系统,那么只有这个新     

大树倒了?

2004年8月26日,哈医大二院建院50周年庆典,位于哈市近郊的这所庞大的医院一扫往日的紧张忙碌,被欢快的乐、缤纷的鲜花、五色的气球和飞扬的条幅紧紧包裹。在庆典活动的中心——该院科技会馆,前去采访的本刊记者穿过络绎不绝的祝贺来宾和整齐划一的迎宾方阵,流连在会场外整齐摆放的各类奖杯、奖牌和科研成果宣传展板之间。这些被物化了的荣誉,几乎挤满了偌大的会堂一层走廊的每一寸角落,静静地宣示着这家医院半个世纪的所有自尊和自豪。在随后进行的庆祝仪式上,在医院各科室职工代表声情并茂的发言之后,哈医大二院院长张岂凡走上讲台。面对眼前如云的嘉宾和着装整齐统一的医护人员方阵,看得出这位著名的技术型院长难掩激情。他在题为“弘扬二院精神,再创世纪辉煌“的演讲词中这样形容：“50年的砥砺前行,50年的春华秋实,令天的哈医大二院已经成为我国医院之林中的一棵生机盎然的大树,根深叶茂,硕果累累。”命运总是在不动声色间逆转,谁能料到,一年后爆出的“天价医药费”事件,使曾经激情飞扬的哈医大二院再一次名动天下,所不同的是,再度亮相的哈医大二院,这一次坐在了被告席上。这棵生长了50年的医疗常青树,难道就此在瞬间轰然倒地?     

经皮激光椎间盘减压术治疗椎间盘源性腰痛

目的探讨经皮激光椎间盘减压术（percutaneous laser disc decompression，PLDD）治疗椎间盘源性腰痛的疗效。方法2002年6月～2004年12月我院对36例椎间盘源性腰痛，采用英国DIOMED公司半导体激光仪，激光功率15W，每个激光脉冲持续1s，间隔1s，照射能量800～1200J。VAS评分评价治疗效果。结果手术时间15～60min，平均30min。32例出现“疼痛复制效应”。36例随访6～36个月，平均11个月，32例有效（术后VAS评分改善≥3分18例，≥分14例），4例无效，有效率88．9％（32／36）。结论PLDD治疗椎间盘源性腰痛安全、有效、微创。     

大脑后动脉交通前段及其内穿支研究

本文介绍Willis动脉环后半环大脑后动脉及其内穿支的显微解剖,大脑后动脉交通前段内穿支是脑深部的重要供血血管之一,100％的病例双侧具有该血管。     

开发EXECL高级功能实现试卷分析过程全自动化

教育测量学是在本世纪发展起来的一门教育分支学科，应用教育测量学原理和数理统计方法对考试结果进行分析，是目前各类学校提高教学质量所采取的必要措施之一。由于试卷统计分析的工作量非常大，手工计算近乎不可能，以往常应用SPSS、SAS等专业统计分析软件计算，但是这类软件在应用时还存在着普及性差、价格昂贵、使用复杂、英文界面、数据格式通用性低等缺点，无法大规模应用，     

16层螺旋CT对肋骨骨折的诊断价值

随着工业化进程的加速及交通事故的增加,胸部创伤日渐增多。国内报道在45 569例创伤中,胸部创伤占1·47%[1],其中肋骨骨折非常常见。随着螺旋CT检查临床应用日趋广泛,其高敏性、快速成像的特性及强大的后处理功能越来越在肋骨骨折中显现重要作用。本文对53例肋骨骨折患者的16层     

两种比色板在前牙修复中效果分析

目的旨在探讨Vitapan Classical比色板和Vitapan3D-Master比色板在口腔修复科临床中的比色效果,以指导临床工作。方法采用修复前比色、修复体制作完成后口腔外比色以及口腔内核对颜色的方法,对比两种比色板的比色效果。结果修复体制作完成后,在口腔内、外核对颜色时,使用Vitapan3D-Master比色板的满意度高于Vitapan Classical比色板(P<0.05)。结论Vitapan3D-Master比色板颜色范围较宽,临床比色可以取得较好的效果。     

Lipid extract from completely sporoderm‐broken germinating Ganoderma sinensis spores elicits potent antitumor immune responses in human macrophages

Ganoderma sinensis has been used widely in Oriental countries for the prevention and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Previous studies have shown that the lipid extract from Ganoderma exhibits direct cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Here, it is reported that the lipid extract from germinating G. sinensis spores, at lower concentrations that have no direct tumoricidal activity, induce potent antitumor immune responses in human monocytes/macrophages. Upon stimulation with the lipid extract, monocytes/macrophages exhibited markedly increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and surface expression of costimulatory molecules. Conditioned medium from stimulated cells effectively suppressed the growth of tumor cells. Apparently, the lipid extract triggered macrophage activation via a mechanism different from that associated with LPS. Moreover, it was observed that the lipid extract could partially re‐establish the antitumor activity of the immunosuppressive tumor‐associated macrophages. These results indicated that in addition to its direct tumoricidal activity, the lipid extract from G. sinensis spores could exert antitumor activity by stimulating the activation of human monocytes/macrophages. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.