电视胸腔镜在脊柱胸段中的应用

1910年Jacobaeus报道使用胸腔镜分离结核性黏连，至今已有90余年的历史，由于图像传导的问题，该项技术的应用受到了限制。Lewis等于1991年首次报道电视辅助胸腔镜外科(video-assisted thomcoscopic surgerg，VATS)之后，该项技术又受到了人们的关注。Mack等于1993年首次报道了利用VATS技术治疗脊柱疾病及损伤。     

MRI STIR序列对非神经根源性腰痛患者的诊断价值

【摘要】 目的：观察MRI检查中短T1反转回复（short T1 inversion-recovery,STIR）成像技术对于非神经根源性腰痛患者腰椎退变性病变的显示能力,评价其临床应用价值。方法：2010年9月～2011年6月对在我院就诊的有腰痛症状但无神经根放射痛症状的患者进行腰椎MRI扫描,共纳入130例患者,其中男89例,女41例,年龄17~81岁,平均48.3±16.0岁。病史均超过1年。MRI扫描序列包括：矢状面TSE-T1WI、TSE-T2WI、STIR序列,横断面TSE-T2WI序列。对STIR图像及TSE-T2WI图像上腰椎退变性病变进行观察,观察内容包括：L1～S1椎间盘退变情况、椎间盘突出/膨出的节段及程度、腰椎小关节骨质增生情况、棘间韧带水肿情况和腰背部皮下软组织水肿情况。分别对STIR序列与TSE-T2WI序列发现腰椎间盘退变、椎间盘突出/膨出、椎小关节病变、腰部软组织病变的能力进行比较。结果：130例非神经根源性腰痛患者中,STIR序列对于腰椎间盘退变、棘间韧带水肿及腰背部皮下软组织水肿的检出数分别为482个、118节和25例,TSE-T2WI序列检出311个、42节和8例,两序列检出率有显著性差异（P<0.05）;STIR与TSE-T2WI序列对于腰椎间盘突出/膨出和椎小关节骨质增生的检出数均为182个和71个,无差异。两序列均发现5例腰椎滑脱,19例腰椎管狭窄。结论：MRI STIR序列对非神经根源性腰痛患者腰椎间盘退变、棘间韧带水肿及腰背部皮下软组织水肿显示能力优于MRI T2WI。     

严重胸椎间盘突出钙化嵌入脊髓一例报告

患者，女，47岁。因右下肢麻木逐渐加重2.5年，伴左下肢无力，行走困难3个月就诊，上述症状于活动后加重，卧床休息后减轻，无明显外伤史。查体示右侧腹股沟以下感觉减退，T0.10部位有压痛、叩击痛，神经放射痛不明显；左下肢肌力4级，右下肢正常；双侧膝腱反射，跟腿反射亢进，     

Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术失败原因分析

Objective To analyze the failed Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty and to improve its re-sults. Methods From October 2004 to October 2007, 48 patients underwent Bryan cervical disc arthro-plasty. All patients were followed up 2 to 38 months(mean 18 months). Among them, 4 failed cases were an-alyzed, which include 1 male and 3 females, with the age of 42, 51, 40, 49 years. Results Case 1 reported the brachial plexus injury as the result of the patient's shoulders being overstretched while fixing his position during operation, the muscular power of both upper extremities declining to degree Ⅱ and Ⅲ upon operation completion, which was restored to degree 4 when discharged from hospital (45 days after operation). Case 2 reported the compression on the spinal cord as the result of failure to remove the ossification of posterior lon-gitudinal ligament (OPLL) which had been identified by the preoperative CT; the patient complained of no release of symptoms after the operation and postoperative CT showed that compression still existed. Case 3 reported incomplete spinal cord injury caused by massive bleeding during decompression, a function of ex-tremely small vertebral canal anteroposterior diameter (5 mm shown in preoperative MRI); the muscular pow-er of left extremity dropped to degree 0 upon operation completion; the patient could walk with crutch 10 days after operation. Case 4 reported'heterotopic ossification (OP) which occurred 1 year after operation and became deteriorated 2 years later, but did not affect the motion of prosthesis. Conclusion Bryan disc arthroplasty is being extensively used as an effective procedure for decompression and reconstruction of the cervical disc. Excellent clinical results are related to strict selection of indications, perioperative manage-ment, and the experience and surgical technique of the surgeon are also important to the final outcome.     

退变性腰椎侧凸肿瘤坏死因子-α基因多态性和蛋白表达水平的关系

肿瘤坏死因子-α( TNF-α)作为一种前炎性因子与腰椎退变相关.我们采用病例对照的研究方法,针对中国北方汉族人群的遗传背景,探讨TNF-α-308G/A单核苷酸多态性及TNF-α血清蛋白水平与退变性腰椎侧凸的关系.一、材料与方法1.材料:病例组:选择2009年10月至2011年12月于河北医科大学第三医院门诊及住院治疗的退变性腰椎侧凸患者60例,其中男24例,女36例.年龄51～65(58.10±7.06)岁,体质量指数(BMI)(22.5±8.7)kg/m2,对照组:选取同时期于该院进行健康体检者60例作为正常对照组,其中男28例,女32例,年龄55 ～67(60.70±6.32)岁,体质量指数(BMI) (24.3±7.1)kg/m2.     

131I治疗分化型甲状腺癌肺转移的疗效及影响因素分析

目的分析131Ⅰ治疗分化型甲状腺癌(DTC)肺转移的疗效及影响因素。方法回顾性分析124例确诊为DTC肺转移的病人给予相应剂量的131Ⅰ治疗,对年龄、性别、病理类型、局部淋巴结转移、肺外远处转移、清灶治疗前血甲状腺球蛋白(Tg)水平、手术方式、术后治疗时间和肺部摄取131Ⅰ形态等9个因素进行分析,评价131Ⅰ治疗疗效及影响因素。结果病人的年龄、清灶治疗前血Tg水平及肺外远处转移与疗效有关(P < 0.05~P < 0.01);经多因素分析,肺外远处转移是影响131Ⅰ治疗疗效的重要影响因素(P < 0.05)。结论131Ⅰ治疗DTC肺转移疗效较好,肺外远处转移是影响DTC肺转移疗效的确切因素。     

用颈长肌重建预防颈前路植骨块滑脱的临床应用

目的:探讨颈长肌重建对颈椎前路手术并发症的预防作用。方法:将颈椎病确诊病例分为实验组126例和对照组128例。对照组病例采用颈椎前路减压、植骨和/或钢板内固定术。实验组病例在完成上述手术之后,利用两种方法使颈长肌瓣重建植骨块或钢板表面。两组病例术后均获得随访,并将两组术后疗效及手术并发症的随访结果进行统计学分析。结果:两组术后随访0.5~6年,平均3.5年。根据Odom评分标准,对两组术后临床疗效进行评价,经统计学分析,P>0.05,说明两组术后疗效无明显差异。而对两组病例术后并发症的统计学分析,P<0.05,两组有统计学意义,表明颈长肌重建可以减少术后并发症的发生。结论:颈长肌重建是预防颈椎前路手术并发症的一种有效方法。     

颈椎后纵韧带骨化症的手术疗效分析

目的探讨不同术式治疗颈椎后纵韧带骨化症（ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament,OPLL）的疗效和MRIT2脊髓高信号（increased signal intensity．ISI）对预后的影响。方法分析132例因OPLL行手术治疗的病例．其中前路手术46例．后路手术59例,前后路联合手术27例。统计手术前后JOA评分及术后改善率,分析不同术式的疗效及MRIT2脊髓高信号对预后的影响。结果三组病例JOA评分均较术前明显提高,差异有统计学意义;前路组改善率为（74．95±9．83）％,后路组改善率为（69．90±9．56）％,前后路联合组改善率为（76．61±10．19）％,前路组和前后路联合组的改善率均优于后路组．差异有统计学意义;术前有ISI组改善率为（67．04±7．91）％,无ISI组改善率为（77．88±9．11）％,差异有统计学意义。结论a）三种术式均可获得较好的疗效,但前路手术和前后路联合手术的改善率优于后路手术;b）术前无MRIT2脊髓高信号者的预后相对较好。     

Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术失败原因分析

Objective To analyze the failed Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty and to improve its re-sults. Methods From October 2004 to October 2007, 48 patients underwent Bryan cervical disc arthro-plasty. All patients were followed up 2 to 38 months(mean 18 months). Among them, 4 failed cases were an-alyzed, which include 1 male and 3 females, with the age of 42, 51, 40, 49 years. Results Case 1 reported the brachial plexus injury as the result of the patient's shoulders being overstretched while fixing his position during operation, the muscular power of both upper extremities declining to degree Ⅱ and Ⅲ upon operation completion, which was restored to degree 4 when discharged from hospital (45 days after operation). Case 2 reported the compression on the spinal cord as the result of failure to remove the ossification of posterior lon-gitudinal ligament (OPLL) which had been identified by the preoperative CT; the patient complained of no release of symptoms after the operation and postoperative CT showed that compression still existed. Case 3 reported incomplete spinal cord injury caused by massive bleeding during decompression, a function of ex-tremely small vertebral canal anteroposterior diameter (5 mm shown in preoperative MRI); the muscular pow-er of left extremity dropped to degree 0 upon operation completion; the patient could walk with crutch 10 days after operation. Case 4 reported'heterotopic ossification (OP) which occurred 1 year after operation and became deteriorated 2 years later, but did not affect the motion of prosthesis. Conclusion Bryan disc arthroplasty is being extensively used as an effective procedure for decompression and reconstruction of the cervical disc. Excellent clinical results are related to strict selection of indications, perioperative manage-ment, and the experience and surgical technique of the surgeon are also important to the final outcome.     

Bryan颈人工椎间盘置换术失败原因分析

Objective To analyze the failed Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty and to improve its re-sults. Methods From October 2004 to October 2007, 48 patients underwent Bryan cervical disc arthro-plasty. All patients were followed up 2 to 38 months(mean 18 months). Among them, 4 failed cases were an-alyzed, which include 1 male and 3 females, with the age of 42, 51, 40, 49 years. Results Case 1 reported the brachial plexus injury as the result of the patient's shoulders being overstretched while fixing his position during operation, the muscular power of both upper extremities declining to degree Ⅱ and Ⅲ upon operation completion, which was restored to degree 4 when discharged from hospital (45 days after operation). Case 2 reported the compression on the spinal cord as the result of failure to remove the ossification of posterior lon-gitudinal ligament (OPLL) which had been identified by the preoperative CT; the patient complained of no release of symptoms after the operation and postoperative CT showed that compression still existed. Case 3 reported incomplete spinal cord injury caused by massive bleeding during decompression, a function of ex-tremely small vertebral canal anteroposterior diameter (5 mm shown in preoperative MRI); the muscular pow-er of left extremity dropped to degree 0 upon operation completion; the patient could walk with crutch 10 days after operation. Case 4 reported'heterotopic ossification (OP) which occurred 1 year after operation and became deteriorated 2 years later, but did not affect the motion of prosthesis. Conclusion Bryan disc arthroplasty is being extensively used as an effective procedure for decompression and reconstruction of the cervical disc. Excellent clinical results are related to strict selection of indications, perioperative manage-ment, and the experience and surgical technique of the surgeon are also important to the final outcome.