全文获取类型
收费全文 | 7141篇 |
免费 | 685篇 |
国内免费 | 463篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 34篇 |
儿科学 | 90篇 |
妇产科学 | 66篇 |
基础医学 | 824篇 |
口腔科学 | 97篇 |
临床医学 | 906篇 |
内科学 | 954篇 |
皮肤病学 | 75篇 |
神经病学 | 314篇 |
特种医学 | 266篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 692篇 |
综合类 | 1335篇 |
预防医学 | 543篇 |
眼科学 | 183篇 |
药学 | 916篇 |
9篇 | |
中国医学 | 455篇 |
肿瘤学 | 527篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 26篇 |
2023年 | 132篇 |
2022年 | 333篇 |
2021年 | 426篇 |
2020年 | 307篇 |
2019年 | 266篇 |
2018年 | 273篇 |
2017年 | 240篇 |
2016年 | 239篇 |
2015年 | 350篇 |
2014年 | 397篇 |
2013年 | 401篇 |
2012年 | 599篇 |
2011年 | 604篇 |
2010年 | 467篇 |
2009年 | 363篇 |
2008年 | 444篇 |
2007年 | 393篇 |
2006年 | 326篇 |
2005年 | 302篇 |
2004年 | 207篇 |
2003年 | 192篇 |
2002年 | 174篇 |
2001年 | 116篇 |
2000年 | 119篇 |
1999年 | 121篇 |
1998年 | 75篇 |
1997年 | 73篇 |
1996年 | 66篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 37篇 |
1993年 | 32篇 |
1992年 | 36篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 23篇 |
1989年 | 14篇 |
1988年 | 12篇 |
1987年 | 9篇 |
1986年 | 18篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有8289条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
对耳轮过度前突为对耳轮的角度过锐,致使耳轮的位置相应后移,表现为与招风耳完全相反的畸形。畸形虽不十分明显,但影响美观。自1992年4月开始应用患侧耳廓软骨和耳后皮瓣对5例患者8只外耳进行治疗得到满意效果。认为文中所述方法是矫正对耳轮过度前突畸形的良好方法。 相似文献
2.
乙酰胆碱受体抗体量与眼型重症肌无力病情关系的实验观察 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
目的 观察血清乙酰胆碱受体抗体 (Ach Rab)含量与眼型重症肌无力患者病情程度和发展为全身型重症肌无力的关系。方法 2 0例眼型重症肌无力患者按受累程度分为轻、中、重三组 ,采用固相酶免疫吸附法测定血清 Ach Rab含量 (P/ N值 )。结果 对照组和病情轻、中、重三组血清 P/ N值分别为 :0 .6 7± 0 .45、0 .78± 0 .30、1.16± 0 .18和 1.5 1± 0 .13。轻度组与对照组比较无显著差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) ,中度组与轻度组比较差异显著 (P <0 .0 5 ) ,重度组与中度组比较有非常显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。3例 P/ N值明显高患者 (中度组 1例、重度组 2例 ) 2年后发展成全身型。结论 P/ N值可反映患者病情程度和提供眼型重症肌无力发展为全身型重症肌无力的预兆信息。 相似文献
3.
Peter J. Harris Jialong Zhuo Sandford L. Skinner 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1987,14(6):489-502
1. The role of angiotensin as a modulator of proximal glomerulotubular (GT) balance was investigated in anaesthetized rats by examining the relationship between glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and absolute proximal reabsorption (APR) during removal of endogenous angiotensin II (AII) and III (AIII) with enalaprilat (CEI) and then during their subsequent replacement by intravenous infusions. 2. Enalaprilat lowered mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and increased renal blood flow (RBF), GFR, urine flow rate and sodium excretion. Filtration fraction (FF) was not altered. Absolute proximal reabsorption, derived from fractional lithium clearance, increased by only 48% of the change expected for 'perfect' GT balance. 3. Angiotensin II replacement corrected MABP, GFR and plasma renin level, but reduced RBF and increased FF; APR was decreased and GT balance was restored. Urine flow and sodium excretion remained above control values with AII. 4. Replacement with AIII did not correct the hypotension but completely reversed the renal and renin responses to enalaprilat and restored GT balance without affecting FF. 5. It was concluded that the relation between proximal reabsorption and GFR is considerably modified by the intrarenal angiotensin concentration. The findings are best explained by a direct stimulation of proximal tubular sodium transport by angiotensin at the concentrations existing in anaesthetized rats. 相似文献
4.
Yin C Ying L Zhang PC Zhuo RX Kang ET Leong KW Mao HQ 《Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A》2003,67(4):1093-1104
Galactosylated surface is an attractive substrate for hepatocyte culture because of the specific interaction between the galactose ligand and the asialoglycoprotein receptor on hepatocytes. In this study, we described a scheme to achieve high density of immobilized galactose ligands on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) surface by first surface-grafting polyacrylic acid on plasma-pretreated PET film under UV irradiation, followed by conjugation of a galactose derivative (1-O-(6'-aminohexyl)-D-galactopyranoside) to the grafted polyacrylic acid chains. A high galactose density of 513 nmol/cm(2) on the PET surface was used in this study to investigate the behavior of cultured hepatocyte. This engineered substrate showed high affinity to fluorescein isothiocyanate-lectin binding. Primary rat hepatocytes, when seeded at a density of 2 x 10(5) cells/cm(2), attached to the galactosylated PET substrate at a similar efficiency compared with collagen-coated substrate. The hepatocytes spontaneously formed aggregates 1 day after cell seeding and showed better maintenance of albumin secretion and urea synthesis functions than those cultured on collagen-coated surface. 相似文献
5.
The specific recognition between asialoglycoprotein receptor and galactose ligand at cell-substrate interfaces has been shown to mediate hepatocyte adhesion and maintain liver specific functions of hepatocytes. Conventionally, the success of hepatocyte attachment on engineered tissue scaffold is inferred from the degree of two-dimensional cell spreading that is measured by transmitted light microscopy. However, the actual contact mechanics and adhesion strength of hepatocytes during two-dimensional cell spreading has not been elucidated due to lack of biophysical probe. In this study, a novel biophysical technique known as confocal reflectance interference contrast microscopy (C-RICM) in conjunction with phase contrast microscopy is utilized to probe the adhesion dynamics, contact mechanics and two-dimensional spreading kinetics of HepG2 cells on galactose immobilized and collagen gel coated substrates. C-RICM demonstrates that HepG2 cells form strong adhesion contacts with both galactose-immobilized surfaces and collagen gel coated substrates. Moreover, HepG2 cells maintain their compact shapes in the presence of asialoglycoprotein receptor-mediated recognition while they become exceedingly spread under integrin-mediated adhesion on collagen gel coated substrate. The initial rate of adhesion contact formation and the steady-state adhesion energy of HepG2 cell population are highest on substrate conjugated with galactose ligand via a longer spacer. The adhesion dynamics and final adhesion energy of HepG2 cells depends both on the type of ligand-receptor interaction and the length of spacer between the ligand and substrate. Most importantly, new biophysical insights into the initial hepatocyte attachment that are critical for hepatocyte culture are provided through the decomposition of two-dimensional spreading and adhesion contact formation on bio-functional substrates. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
目的 观察哇巴因与地高辛对大鼠肝脏钠泵基因表达的影响 .方法 分别给大鼠注射哇巴因 (2 0 μg· kg- 1·d- 1 )、地高辛 (32 μg·kg- 1·d- 1 )和生理盐水 (1m L· kg- 1·d- 1 ) ,观察给药后 6wk大鼠血压的动态变化 ;并分别应用分子生物学 RT- PCR及免疫组织化学技术 ,探讨各组大鼠肝脏钠泵 α1 ,α2 及 α3 亚单位 m RNA及蛋白水平基因表达的改变 .结果 给予哇巴因 2 wk后大鼠血压开始升高 ,至 6 wk时明显高于生理盐水组 (17.7± 1.2 ) vs(15 .4± 1.1) k Pa,P<0 .0 1) ,而实验过程中地高辛组血压与对照组比较差异不明显 .无论是在 m RNA水平还是在蛋白水平 ,哇巴因对大鼠肝脏钠泵α1 亚单位表达无影响 ,而地高辛使α1 亚单位表达增强 ;两组大鼠 α2 亚单位表达均无改变 ;哇巴因使 α3 亚单位蛋白水平表达减弱 ,而 m RNA水平增强 ,地高辛组大鼠肝脏钠泵 α3 亚单位无论在 m RNA水平及蛋白水平表达均增强 .结论 哇巴因在高血压发病中可能起着重要作用 ;哇巴因与地高辛可导致不同的钠泵基因表达改变 ,为进一步揭示内源性哇巴因生理与病理作用以及洋地黄类药物药理与毒理作用的分子机制提供了理论及实验依据 相似文献
9.
目的 分析天津市0~14岁儿童伤害死亡谱的特征、变化情况及城乡差异。方法 1999-2021年天津市儿童伤害死亡数据来源于天津市全人口全死因监测数据库,计算不同亚组人群和主要伤害原因的构成比、粗死亡率和标化死亡率并比较城乡差异。采用Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析死亡原因构成比的时间变化趋势。采用Joinpoint回归分析变化趋势,计算平均年变化百分比(AAPC)。伤害死亡风险的季节差异用死亡率比值及其95%CI表示。结果 1999-2021年,伤害是天津市0~14岁儿童的第3位死因。农村儿童死于医疗卫生机构的比例为31.08%,低于城市的37.82%。儿童伤害的总体标化死亡率呈下降趋势(AAPC=-5.54%,P<0.001)。溺水和道路交通伤害的标化死亡率在城市和农村地区呈下降趋势(P<0.001)。意外中毒的标化死亡率仅在农村地区呈下降趋势(AAPC=-8.09%,P<0.001),在城市地区无明显变化趋势(P>0.05)。自杀标化死亡率在城市地区无明显变化趋势(P>0.05),在10~14岁农村儿童中呈上升趋势(AAPC=4.58%)。跌倒/坠落标化死亡率在城市和农村地区均无明显变化趋势(P>0.05)。伤害死亡的总体风险和溺水死亡风险在城乡均为夏季最高;道路交通伤害在城市为秋季最高,在农村为夏季最高;意外中毒死亡风险在城乡均为冬季最高。结论 近年来天津市儿童伤害死亡情况得到明显改善。城市和农村地区的儿童伤害死亡水平仍存在较大差异,在未来政策制定中,应充分考虑缩小城乡差距。 相似文献
10.
Gene cloning and sequencing of BmK AS and BmK AS-1, two novel neurotoxins from the scorpion Buthus martensi Karsch. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Based on the known amino acid sequences of BmK AS and BmK AS-1, the gene specific primers were designed and synthesized for 3' and 5' RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends). Their partial cDNA fragments obtained by 3' and 5' RACE were cloned and sequenced, and the full length cDNA sequences of BmK AS and BmK AS-1 were then completed by overlapping their two partial cDNA sequences, respectively. The predicted amino acid sequences both consist of 85 amino acid residues including a putative signal peptide of 19 residues and a mature toxin of 66 residues. They are different in 17 amino acid residues, among them 11 residues in the mature toxin. The predicted amino acid sequences of BmK AS and BmK AS-1 were almost consistent with those determined and revised (personal communication), only different in one and two residues at their COO-terminal parts, respectively. Based on the determined cDNA sequences, and using the total DNAs isolated from the scorpion venom glands as a template, the genomic DNAs of BmK AS and BmK AS-1 were also amplified by PCR and sequenced. It showed that no intron was inserted in their open reading frames, while in the exon of signal peptide sequences of other Na+, K+ and Cl- channel toxins from the same scorpion, an intron is usually found. However, the Northern blot hybridization results indicated that the sizes of their mRNA should be around 800 bp. Their extra sequences around 400 bp which might function as an intron should be located at their 5' untranslated regions. 相似文献