β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠免疫功能的比较研究

就β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对环磷酰胺处理小鼠的免疫功能影响进行了比较研究。结果显示β-胡萝卜素立体异构体对外磷酰胺造成的免疫功能低下具有不同程度的改善作用，提高胸腺和脾脏指数，增强脾脏细胞对刀豆素A（ConA）的反应性和NK活性，血清溶菌酶含量也有所增加。综合各项指标，9-顺式和全反式混合物的作用最明显，提示一定浓度的9-顺式对于提高β-胡萝卜素对机体的总体作用是有一定意义的。     

Immunochemical characterization of multiple forms of cytochrome P-450 in rabbit nasal microsomes and evidence for tissue-specific expression of P-450s NMa and NMb

Two unique forms of cytochrome P-450 (P-450), designated NMa and NMb, were recently isolated in this laboratory from nasal microsomes of rabbits. In the present study, polyclonal antibodies to the purified nasal cytochromes were prepared. Immunochemical analysis with specific rabbit anti-NMa and sheep anti-NMb antibodies indicated that P-450 isozymes identical to or having a high structural homology with NMa are present in both olfactory and respiratory mucosa, as well as in liver, but NMb was detected only in the olfactory mucosa. Neither form was detected in other tissues examined, including brain, esophageal mucosa, heart, intestinal mucosa, kidney, and lung. The specific occurrence of NMb in the olfactory mucosa was further substantiated by the detection and specific inhibition by anti-NMb of the formation of unique NMb-dependent metabolites of testosterone in olfactory microsomes but not in microsomes from liver or respiratory mucosa. Similar experiments with antibodies to previously purified rabbit hepatic P-450 isozymes indicated that not all of the hepatic cytochromes are expressed in the nasal tissues. Thus, P-450 isozymes structurally homologous to hepatic forms 2, 3a, and 4, but not 3b and 6, were found in the olfactory mucosa. On the other hand, only form 2 was detected in the respiratory mucosa. Immunoquantitation experiments revealed that NMa and NMb are the major P-450 forms in olfactory microsomes, whereas NMa and P-450 form 2 (or its homolog) constitute the major portion of the respiratory nasal microsomal P-450. The level of NMa in the liver is relatively low, accounting for less than 3% of total microsomal P-450 in this tissue. In addition, evidence is provided that NMa is the major catalyst in the dealkylation of two nasal carcinogens, hexamethylphosphoramide and phenacetin, in both olfactory and respiratory nasal microsomes.     

高度近视的病因学研究进展

高度近视发生的内因、外因，包括遗传倾向，相关基因定位，巩膜胶原白体免疫学说，视网膜生物活性物质失调学说，环境因素等，本研究就这些因素对高度近视发病的影响做一综述。现统一的认识有：①高度近视具有明显的遗传倾向。②迄今为止，已找到4个高度近视相关基因，它们的遗传方式均为常染色体显性遗传。③高度近视的巩膜组织病理改变和胶原代谢障碍引发了人们对高度近视免疫相关基因的深入研究。已发现HLAⅡ类基因与部分高度近视具有相关性。④视网膜中存在的生物活性物质直接或间接参与了形觉剥夺性近视的形成。⑤环境因素并非高度近视发病的决定因素，它仅起一定程度的促进作用。将今后的工作重点放在高度近视基因定位的研究，基因表达的调控及巩膜胶原代谢、网膜生物活性物质之间的关系研究上，无疑会进一步揭示高度近视的病因，为防治高度近视开辟新途径。     

江苏口岸媒介生物监测结果分析

[目的] 加强对输入性医学媒介生物预警应急工作,防止媒介传入,保障我国人民身体健康.[方法] 对江苏口岸2002～2005年上半年输入性媒介生物截获情况进行统计分析.[结果] 2002～2005年上半年江苏口岸输入性媒介生物疫情截获率逐年上升.[结论] 传染病传播媒介生物的监测、病原携带检测和传入性风险分析,将作为世界卫生组织评估“监测技术水平、预警反应能力和处置实力”的重要指标之一,成为各成员国关注的焦点,同时也将成为各成员国间设置贸易技术壁垒的重要手段之一.因此,加强传染病传播媒介生物监测和控制工作势在必行.     

肿瘤抑制基因P53突变与肾细胞癌的关系

采用ＤＮＡ聚合酶链反应－单链构象多态性分析和直接序列测定技术，检测２５例肾细胞癌组织中Ｐ５３基因５－８外显子，２５例肾细胞癌仅有２例肿瘤组织存在Ｐ５３基因点突变，分别位于１５４和２７３密码子上，核苷酸序理分析突变形式分别为Ｇ→Ｔ，Ｃ→Ｔ。结果提示：肾细胞癌组织中Ｐ５３基因突变并不显著，表明肾细胞癌的发生可能是一个多基因变化的过程。     

儿童间歇性深吸气症临床探讨

探讨儿童间歇性深吸气症的诊断及治疗.方法 对我院1990～1996年以间歇性深吸气为主诉就诊的60例儿童进行病因、临床表现、诊断方法和主要治疗措施等方面的临床分析.结果 此症患儿有心理障碍和情绪因素的占63.3%,其中最重要的是家庭和学校环境因素的影响,习惯因素占20%.另外,还有气质因素的影响等.并提出本症的诊断依据.通过心理治疗,绝大多数病例可以治愈.结论 本症是一种较常见的心因性疾病,提出的诊断依据是实用的,心理治疗可获得满意疗效.     

Abdominal nontuberculous mycobacterial infection in a university hospital in Taiwan from 1997 to 2003.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Abdominal nontuberculous mycobacterial infection is a rare condition. Continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)-associated peritonitis is the most common manifestation of infection due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). There are limited data on the clinical manifestations of nontuberculous mycobacterial infection. This study investigated the diagnostic features, clinical presentation, mycobacteriology, treatment and outcome of all abdominal NTM infections treated over a 7-year period at a major teaching hospital in Taiwan. METHODS: The medical records of all patients with a diagnosis of abdominal NTM infection from January 1997 through to December 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: All 11 patients with abdominal NTM infections identified during the 7-year period were included. Among these patients, six were male and five were female, with a mean age of 64.5 years. The disease manifested as peritonitis (9 patients, 82%), splenic abscess (1, 9%), or perirenal abscess (1, 9%). Most patients (73%) had underlying malignancy, most often hepatoma (45%). Immunocompromised status (liver cirrhosis, malignancy, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome) was noted in 10 patients (91%). None of our patients who developed NTM peritonitis had received CAPD. The peritoneal fluid appearance varied considerably, with no particular predominance of clear, turbid, bloody, or chylous findings. Rapidly growing mycobacteria were the major etiology (46%) of abdominal NTM infection, and Mycobacterium abscessus played a major role (27%). Overall, eight patients died, and only one patient survived longer than 1 year. Seven patients (64%) died before diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Abdominal NTM infection is frequently overlooked because of its rarity and nonspecific symptoms, with consequent delays in diagnosis and treatment. In immunocompromised patients with ascites from any cause (liver cirrhosis, malignant ascites, etc.), NTM peritonitis should be considered early in the differential diagnosis of symptoms including fever, abdominal pain and weight loss. The poor prognosis of abdominal NTM infection appears to be related to the severity of underlying conditions, most often malignancy.     

无精子症和严重少精子症134例遗传学分析

目的：研究无精子症和严重少精子症患者染色体畸变及Y染色体(Yql1区)无精子症因子(azoospermic factor，AZF)缺失情况，建立Y染色体微缺失的临床筛查方法。方法：对134例患者(无精子症97例，严重少精子症37例)经染色体核型分析及AZF、区三个位点8对引物PCR扩增，检测染色体畸变和Y染色体微缺失率。结果：134例中染色体核型异常9例，占6．72％。AZF缺失18例，缺失率为13．43％。无精子症和严重少精子症AZF、缺失率分别为14．43％、10．81％。结论：染色体畸变和Y染色体微缺失是导致无精子症和严重少精子症的主要原因之一。无精子症缺失率高于严重少精子症患者。AZF区三个位点8对引物PCR扩增可作为Y染色体微缺失的临床筛查方法。