神效止痛膏的镇痛作用

用二甲苯所致的急性炎症模型观察了神效止痛膏的抗急性炎症作用．用扭体法、热板法观察了神效止痛膏对小鼠的镇痛作用．结果表明，神效止痛膏有很好的镇痛作用．     

急性苯中毒对小鼠末梢血象和骨髓细胞构成的影响

取３２只２～３个月的ＢＡＬＢ／Ｃ小白鼠，随机分为４组，每组８只，第１组为对照组，其余３个组为实验组，实验组小白鼠左腿皮下注射苯０．３ｍｌ（１５ｍｌ／ｋｇ体重）．注射后分别于２４ｈ，４８ｈ，７２ｈ脱颈处死。观察中毒前、后末梢血象、骨髓细胞、骨髓细胞构成的变化。结果表明，苯中毒时骨髓变化先于末梢血象的变化，骨髓的病变为造血细胞变性、坏死，大量毛细血管扩张、充血，骨髓细胞构成降低，而且骨髓细胞构成中细胞成分降低早于外周血粒细胞减少。     

The three-dimensional scintillation dosimetry method: test for a 106Ru eye plaque applicator

The need for fast, accurate and high resolution dosimetric quality assurance in radiation therapy has been outpacing the development of new and improved 2D and 3D dosimetry techniques. This paper summarizes the efforts to create a novel and potentially very fast, 3D dosimetry method based on the observation of scintillation light from an irradiated liquid scintillator volume serving simultaneously as a phantom material and as a dose detector medium. The method, named three-dimensional scintillation dosimetry (3DSD), uses visible light images of the liquid scintillator volume at multiple angles and applies a tomographic algorithm to a series of these images to reconstruct the scintillation light emission density in each voxel of the volume. It is based on the hypothesis that with careful design and data processing, one can achieve acceptable proportionality between the local light emission density and the locally absorbed dose. The method is applied to a Ru-106 eye plaque immersed in a 16.4 cm3 liquid scintillator volume and the reconstructed 3D dose map is compared along selected profiles and planes with radiochromic film and diode measurements. The comparison indicates that the 3DSD method agrees, within 25% for most points or within approximately 2 mm distance to agreement, with the relative radiochromic film and diode dose distributions in a small (approximately 4.5 mm high and approximately 12 mm diameter) volume in the unobstructed, high gradient dose region outside the edge of the plaque. For a comparison, the reproducibility of the radiochromic film results for our measurements ranges from 10 to 15% within this volume. At present, the 3DSD method is not accurate close to the edge of the plaque, and further than approximately 10 mm (<10% central axis depth dose) from the plaque surface. Improvement strategies, considered important to provide a more accurate quick check of the dose profiles in 3D for brachytherapy applicators, are discussed.     

Development of cyclosporin A-loaded hyaluronic microsphere with enhanced oral bioavailability

To develop a hyaluronic microsphere with the improved oral bioavailability of poorly water-soluble cyclosporin A (CsA), the microspheres were prepared with varying ratios of sodium hyaluronate (HA)/sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)/CsA using a spray-drying technique. The effects of HA and SLS on the dissolution and solubility of CsA in microspheres were investigated. The CsA-microsphere prepared with HA/SLS/CsA at the ratio of 4/2/1 gave the highest solubility and dissolution rate of CsA among those formulae tested. As solubility and dissolution rate of CsA were increased about 17- and 2-fold compared to CsA powder, respectively, this CsA-microsphere was selected as an optimal formula for oral delivery in rats. The CsA-microsphere and Sandimmun neoral sol gave significantly higher blood levels compared with CsA powder alone. Moreover, the AUC, T(max) and C(max) values of CsA in CsA-microsphere were not significantly different from those in Sandimmun neoral sol in rats, indicating that CsA-microsphere was bioequivalent to the commercial product in rats. Our results demonstrated that the CsA-microsphere prepared with HA and SLS, with improved bioavailability of CsA, might have been useful to deliver a poorly water-soluble CsA.     

Unusual morphologic features of low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma: A case report

BackgroundEndometrial stromal tumours are uncommon tumours of the uterus. They mainly occur in perimenopausal women. Tumours with typical clinicopathological features do not usually pose diagnostic problems. However, rare clinicopathological features can occur, and clinicians without significant experience may have difficulty diagnosing these tumours and managing these patients.MethodsHerein, we report a case of endometrial stromal sarcoma that occurred in a 25‐year‐old woman. The pathological features, immunophenotype, treatment and prognosis were discussed.ResultsThe tumour revealed morphological heterogeneity, and there were similar proliferative‐type endometrial stromal cells, an extensive amount of mature adipose tissue, and prominent rhabdomyoblastic and smooth muscle cells. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies confirmed low‐grade endometrial stromal sarcoma with smooth muscle, adipocytic and rhabdomyoblastic differentiation (approximately 60% were differentiated tissues). The final treatment of the tumour was total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo‐oophorectomy. There was no evidence of recurrence for 109 months postoperatively.ConclusionsWe found that low‐grade endometrial stromal tumours with extensive adipocytic and prominent rhabdomyoblastic differentiation are misdiagnosed because they are infrequent. They must be differentiated from rhabdomyosarcoma with accurate identification of adipocytes, and long‐term follow‐up is needed.     

Monotropein Improves Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a Signaling Pathways

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of monotropein (MON) on improving dexamethasone (DEX)-induced muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 mouse skeletal muscle cells. The body weights, grip strengths, and muscle weights of mice were assessed. The histological change in the gastrocnemius tissues was also observed through H&E staining. The expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC), muscle ring finger 1 (MuRF1), and muscle atrophy F-box (Atrogin1) and the phosphorylation of AKT, mTOR, and FOXO3a in the muscle tissues of mice and C2C12 myotubes were analyzed using Western blotting. MON improved muscle atrophy in mice and C2C12 myotubes by regulating catabolic states via the AKT/mTOR/FOXO3a signaling pathways, and enhanced muscle function by the increases of muscle mass and strength in mice. This suggests that MON could be used for the prevention and treatment of muscle atrophy in patients.     

颅内外血栓在系统性红斑狼疮患儿中的发生情况比较*

目的 通过回顾性比较儿童系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）患者发生颅内、外血栓的情况,旨在发现SLE合并不同部位血栓的危险因素。方法 选取2006年1月—2019年12月首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院收治的SLE患儿,收集患儿人口学资料、临床表现、活动度评估及治疗、病程及随访资料等,并收集实验室检查数据及血栓相关数据等,根据血栓部位将患儿分为颅内血栓组及颅外血栓组,对两组资料进行比较。结果 27例SLE合并血栓患儿中,6例（22.22%）发生颅内血栓,21例（77.78%）患儿发生颅外血栓。颅内血栓以颅内静脉窦血栓形成（CVST）更为多见,横窦是CVST最常见的受累部位。颅外血栓常见受累部位依次为股总静脉、髂外静脉及股深浅静脉。颅外血栓组合并肾脏受累比例较颅内血栓组高（P?<0.05）,颅内血栓组合并神经系统受累比例较颅外血栓组高（P?<0.05）。颅外血栓组的Hb、C3、C4水平较颅内血栓组低,尿蛋白水平较颅内血栓组高（P?<0.05）。治疗后两组血栓均有一定程度的好转,其中颅内血栓组1例（16.7%）患儿血栓消失再通,颅外血栓组11例（52.4%）患儿血栓消失再通。结论 SLE合并颅内、外血栓形成有不同的特点,神经系统症状是颅内血栓最常见的症状,肾脏受累的患儿更易发生颅外血栓。早期诊断,积极治疗可明显改善SLE合并血栓患儿的预后。     

人工假体置换治疗高龄老年人不稳定股骨粗隆间骨折

目的　分析及评价应用人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折的方法及疗效。方法　应用人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折 32例 ,男 8例 ,女 2 4例 ,年龄 74～ 92岁 ,平均 82 3岁。骨折类型Evans分类 :ⅢA :11例 ,ⅢB :8例 ,Ⅳ :7例 ,Ⅱ :6例。结果　 32例 30例进行短期随访 ,平均随访时间 6个月 (2～ 12个月 ) ,无 1例病人因手术并发症死亡。入院至手术时间 2～ 7d ,平均 4 5d。手术时间 5 5～ 16 5min (平均 85min)。术中补血 0～ 12 0 0ml (平均 6 0 0ml)无术中休克或死亡。伤口均一期愈合 ,无 1例感染。住院时间 10～ 2 1d (平均 14d) ,2 6例病人髋关节功能满意。结论　应用人工股骨头置换是治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折的有效手段 ,但应严格掌握其适应证目的　分析及评价应用人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折的方法及疗效。方法　应用人工股骨头置换治疗老年股骨粗隆间不稳定骨折 32例 ,男 8例 ,女 2 4例 ,年龄 74～ 92岁 ,平均 82 3岁。骨折类型Evans分类 :ⅢA :11例 ,ⅢB :8例 ,Ⅳ :7例 ,Ⅱ :6例。结果　 32例 30例进行短期随访 ,平均随访时间 6个月 (2～ 12个月 ) ,无 1例病人因手术并发症死亡。入院至手术时间 2～ 7d ,平均 4 5d。手术时间 5 5～ 16 5min (平     

Repair effect of Schwann cells modified by microgene pSVPoMcat on injured spinal cord in rats

OBJECTIVE: To observe the repair effect of Schwann cells (SCs) modified by microgene pSVPoMcat on injured spinal cord in rats. METHODS: Semi-transection injury at the level of T(8) of spinal cord was made with cutting method on 120 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Then 40 rats implanted with SCs modified by microgene pSVPoMcat were taken as Group A, 40 rats implanted with simple SCs as Group B and the other 40 rats were taken as the control group (Group C). The functional recovery of the rats was observed through combined behavioral score (CBS) and cortical somatosensory evoked potential (CSEP), and the expression of the glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) was measured with in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry. At 3 months after operation, the rats were examined with magnetic resonance image (MRI), and the neurofilaments (NF) of the axons were stained with immunohistochemical method. RESULTS: GFAP expression in Group A was significantly lower than that of the other 2 groups. MRI showed that the spinal signals in the injured area recovered fundamentally in Group A, didn't recover in Group B and malacia focus was found in Group C, which was same as the results of NF staining. Wave amplitudes in incubation periods in Group A and Group B tended to recover. It recovered to the normal level in Group A, which was similar to the results of CBS. CONCLUSIONS: SCs modified by microgene pSVPoMcat can inhibit GFAP expression, improve the growth of the axons and the functional recovery of neurons after spinal cord injury.