紫杉烷类药物2周对比3周化疗方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌的系统评价

目的：系统评价紫杉烷类药物2周与3周化疗方案治疗进展期非小细胞肺癌（Non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC）的疗效和安全性。方法：检索数据库PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、Web of Science,维普、万方、CNKI,检索时间从各数据库建库至2011年7月25日,搜集紫杉烷类药物2周对比3周化疗方案治疗NSCLC的随机对照试验（Randomized controlled trials,RCTs）。选择符合纳入标准的文献,提取资料、按照Cochrane协作网推荐的质量评价标准进行文献质量评价。使用RevMan 5.0 软件进行统计学分析。结果：共纳入8个RCTs,包括624例患者。Meta分析结果显示：与3周组相比,2周组可以降低白细胞减少（RR=0.49,95％CI：0.38-0.62,P＜0.01）、恶心/呕吐（RR=0.60,95％CI：0.44-0.81,P＜0.01）、脱发（RR=0.35,95％CI：0.16-0.77,P＜0.05）等毒副反应的发生率;但在有效率（RR=1.09,95％CI：0.88-1.35,P=0.44）、1年生存率（RR=1.16,95％CI：0.91-1.47,P=0.22）和肝毒性（RR=0.26,95％CI：0.04-1.56,P=0.14）方面的差异无统计学意义。结论：紫杉烷类药物2周与3周化疗方案治疗进展期NSCLC的有效性和1年生存率相似,但2周化疗方案毒副反应的发生率较低。     

耳内镜下外伤性鼓膜穿孔的诊治

耳部外伤往往引起鼓膜穿孔,鼓膜小穿孔可自行愈合,而大穿孔常需修复处理。2008年6月~2012年6月我科门急诊收治30例外伤性鼓膜穿孔患者耳内镜下进行修复,取得良好疗效,现报道如下。     

海藻糖在生育力保存中的应用

肿瘤诊疗技术的进步显著提高了患者的生存率,但放化疗可能造成人类生育力的下降乃至丧失。如何有效保存生育力已成为近年来研究的热点。海藻糖属于非渗透性冷冻保护剂,是一种具有特殊生物学性能的双糖,能够在干燥、脱水、冷冻等恶劣条件下有效保护蛋白质等大分子不变性失活。随着研究的逐步深入,海藻糖已被广泛应用于生育力保存等医学领域中,有学者将其用于保存精子、精原干细胞、卵母细胞、胚胎、卵巢组织和睾丸组织并取得了显著成果。综述海藻糖的生物学性质、作用机制假说以及在生育力保存中的应用研究现状和最新进展。     

达芬奇机器人手术配合流程再造及效果评价

目的 优化达芬奇机器人手术配合流程,提高工作效率.方法 收集2013年1月至2013年9月,在我院实施的达芬奇机器人手术236例.对手术配合流程进行再造,对流程再造前后手术医师、手术室护士的满意度,开台时间采用1检验和x2检验统计分析.结果 流程再造后,开台时间与流程再造前比较,存在统计学差异（P＜0.05）.手术医师、手术室护士的满意度较再造前提高（P＜0.05）.结论 达芬奇机器人手术配合流程再造有利于提高手术室的工作效率.     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

血管生成相关长链非编码RNA在冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变中的治疗作用

长链非编码 RNA 参与生物的生理过程和疾病的病理过程,是重要的生物标志物或公认的治疗 的疾病靶点。长链非编码RNA通过调控两种效应细胞(血管内皮细胞和平滑肌细胞)动脉生成和血管新生 过程参 与冠状动脉侧支循环的形成,从而影响冠状动脉慢性完全闭塞病变(chronic total occlusion,CTO)的预后。“治疗性血管生成”作为促进冠脉侧支循环的一种替代疗法,已被证明能显着改善 CTO 患者的预后 和生活质 量。因此,通过调节血管生成过程,长链非编码RNA有望成为CTO治疗的新靶点。本文综述了血 管生成相关 长链非编码RNA的分类和功能,以及它们调节血管生成在冠脉侧支循环的作用。     

光学相干断层扫描比较不稳定性和稳定性心绞痛患者粥样硬化斑块特征

Objective To compare the characterization of coronary atherosclerotic plaques in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) and stable angina pectoris (SAP) by optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods OCT was performed in 47 patients (23 UAP and 24 SAP) undergoing coronary angiography. Lipid-rich plaque (defined by ≥ 2 quandrants of the cross-section area), thin cap fibroatheroma (TCFA), thickness of fibrous cap, plaque rupture, calcification and thrombus visualized by OCT were compared between UAP and SAP patients. Results OCT imaging was successfully in 44 out of 47 patients (22 UAP, 22 SAP). Proportion of lipid-rich plaques was similar between UAP and SAP groups [91% (20/22) vs, 73% (16/22),P =0. 741]. The minimum thickness of fibrous cap in the UAP group was significantly thinner than that in SAP group [(69.5±34.7) μm vs. (141.1±68.5) μm, P = 0.000] and the rate of fibrous cap erosion in the UAP group was significantly higher than that in the SAP group [59% (13/22) vs. 9% (2/22), P=0.000]. Percents of TCFA [73% (16/22) vs. 14% (3/22) ,P = 0.000] and plaque rupture [50% (11/22) vs.9% (2/22) , P = 0.003] were significantly higher in UAP group compared those in SAP group. Incidence of thrombus and calcification were similar between two groups. Conclusions OCT imaging can clearly define plaque characterization of coronary atherosclerosis. UAP patients have thinner fibrous cap, higher incidences of fibrous cap erosion, plaque rupture and TCFA compared patients with SAP.     

镉致HEK293细胞凋亡中氧化应激作用

目的探讨镉在诱导人胚胎肾细胞（HEK293）凋亡中氧化应激的作用。方法采用流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡率;采用流式细胞仪和激光共聚焦检测胞浆内的活性氧（ROS）水平,采用分光光度法检测细胞内丙二醛（MDA）、还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量,蛋白印迹法检测Bcl-2蛋白、Caspase-3酶原表达量的变化。结果在一定浓度范围内随着镉浓度的升高,凋亡率升高。在60μmol/L氯化镉诱导细胞6h,凋亡率达到最高;细胞内ROS生成显著增多;MND含量明显增多（P〈0.01）,GSH含量大幅下降（P〈0.01）;Bcl-2表达量较镉处理3h时表达量有所下降;Cas-pase-3酶原蛋白表达下降。结论镉诱导HEK293细胞凋亡的机制与ROS上升及其导致的氧化损伤、Bcl-2蛋白表达下调和Caspase-3的激活有关。