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Wendy J Sturtz Kathleen H Leef Amy B Mackley Shailja Sharma Teodoro Bottiglieri David A Paul 《BMC pediatrics》2007,7(1):38
Background
The purpose of this study was to characterize total homocysteine (tHcy) levels at birth in preterm and term infants and identify associations with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and other neonatal outcomes such as mortality, sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and thrombocytopenia. 相似文献4.
Uma Handa M.D. Shailja Garg M.D. Harsh Mohan M.D. M.N.A.M.S. F.I.C.P. Sudhir Kumar Garg M.S. 《Diagnostic cytopathology》2010,38(1):1-4
This study was designed to evaluate the role of fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosis of skeletal tuberculosis (TB). In this retrospective study, 20 cases were retrieved over a 10‐year period in which a cytologic diagnosis of osseous TB was rendered. The aspirations were performed with a 22‐gauge needle attached on a 20‐ml syringe after taking into consideration the radiological findings. The cytologic findings were subdivided into the following categories—epithelioid cell granulomas with necrosis, epithelioid cell granulomas without necrosis, and necrosis only. These cases were either with or without AFB positivity. The smears showed epithelioid cell granulomas in 23 cases (85.2%), multinucleate and Langhans' giant cells in 15 cases (55.6%), and inflammatory cells were noted in the background in 15 cases (55.6%). AFB was positive in six cases (22.7%). FNA provides a simple and safe outpatient procedure for the diagnosis of osseous TB and obviates the need of an open biopsy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. 相似文献
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Yan L Zhou B Nigdikar S Wang X Bennett J Prentice A 《The British journal of nutrition》2005,94(6):956-961
The vitamin K concentration in the circulation and the availability of vitamin K to bone may be affected by factors influencing lipoprotein metabolism, such as apoE genotype. The relationships between markers of vitamin K status, bone mineral content and apoE genotype were studied in healthy older men and women aged 60-83 years, 177 from Shenyang, China, and 132 from Cambridge, UK. Fasting plasma was analysed for vitamin K1, triacylglycerol, total osteocalcin, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) and apoE genotype. Hip bone mineral content was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Subjects were grouped according to apoE genotype as E2/3, E3/3 and [E3/4+E4/4]. The mean plasma vitamin K1 concentration of the three genotype groups was significantly higher and the percentage ucOC was lower in the Chinese than in the British subjects (P<0.01). A higher vitamin K1 concentration was found in subjects with [E3/4+E4/4] than those with either E2/3 or E3/3 in Cambridge (32.2 (SE 14.6 ) %, P=0.03; 24.6 (SE 10.7 ) %, P=0.02). Similar trends were observed although were not statistically significant in Shenyang (26.5 (18.9) %, P=0.16; 23.1 (13.0) %, P=0.08). Subjects with [E3/4+E4/4] had a lower percentage ucOC (total osteocalcin adjusted) than did those with either E2/3 or E3/3 in Shenyang (65.1 (27.2) %, P=0.02; 49.6 (19.9) %, P=0.01 respectively) but not in Cambridge. This study demonstrates that a superior vitamin K status is associated with the apoE4 genotype in healthy older individuals from China and the UK. 相似文献
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Yan L Zhou B Greenberg D Wang L Nigdikar S Prynne C Prentice A 《The British journal of nutrition》2004,92(6):939-945
To explore whether differences in vitamin K nutrition might, at least in part, underlie differences in fracture incidence between Asian and European populations, the vitamin K status of older individuals in Shenyang, China (eighty-six men, ninety-two women) and in Cambridge, UK (sixty-seven men, sixty-seven women) was compared. Dietary information was collected by food questionnaire in Shenyang and food diary in Cambridge and used to estimate the intake and sources of phylloquinone. Fasting blood was analysed for phylloquinone, triacylglycerol, total osteocalcin (tOC) and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (expressed as percentage of tOC; %ucOC). The mean intakes of green leafy vegetables were 127 (SD 90) g/d in Shenyang and 39 (SD 48) g/d in Cambridge. The estimated phylloquinone intakes (geometric means) were 247 (95% CI 226, 270) microg/d in Shenyang and 103 (95% CI 94, 112) microg/d in Cambridge. Plasma phylloquinone concentrations (geometric means) were significantly higher in the Shenyang subjects (2.17 (95% CI 1.95, 2.42) nmol/l) than in the Cambridge subjects (0.69 (95% CI 0.63, 0.76) nmol/l; P<0.001). Plasma phylloquinone concentration was positively related to phylloquinone intake in both the Shenyang (coefficient 0.17 (SE 0.08); P=0.03) and Cambridge subjects (coefficient 0.29 (SE 0.10); P=0.005). tOC concentration and %ucOC (after adjusting for tOC) were significantly lower in the Shenyang than in the Cambridge subjects (tOC 25.2 (SE 4.2)% and %ucOC 68.5 (SE 10.0)% lower respectively; P<0.001). After adjusting for tOC and triacylglycerol, %ucOC was negatively related to plasma phylloquinone concentration in both the Shenyang (coefficient -0.41 (se 0.11); P=0.0003) and Cambridge subjects (coefficient -0.17 (SE 0.07); P=0.02). The present study demonstrates that older individuals in northern China have a better vitamin K status compared with their British counterparts in Cambridge, UK. 相似文献
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Liya Yan Inez Schoenmakers Bo Zhou Landing M. Jarjou Emily Smith Shailja Nigdikar Gail R. Goldberg Ann Prentice 《BONE》2009,44(2):238-245
Ethnic differences in bone metabolism have been reported and it has been suggested that these may be partly due to prolonged exposure to an elevated plasma parathyroid hormone (PTH) concentration or a decreased sensitivity to PTH. We explored ethnic differences in bone and mineral metabolism by 5 days of oral phosphate (P) loading to stimulate PTH secretion. Healthy older people from UK (B), The Gambia (G) and China (C), 15 individuals from each sex and ethnic group, were studied. Blood and urine samples were collected before and 2 h after P dose on days 1, 4 and 5 and on a control day. The induced changes (%) in PTH and markers of mineral and bone metabolism after 2 h and over 5 days were examined.At baseline, PTH, 1,25(OH)2D and bone turnover markers were higher in Gambian subjects than in British and Chinese subjects (P ≤ 0.01).2 h after P loading, ionized calcium (iCa) decreased and PTH and plasma P (P) increased in all groups (P ≤ 0.01, n.s. between groups). Urinary P to creatinine ratio (uP/Cr) increased, the increase being greater in Chinese subjects than in British and Gambian subjects on days 4 and 5 (P ≤ 0.01). By day 5, fasting iCa was decreased and P increased in British and Gambian (P ≤ 0.01) but not in Chinese subjects. Fasting PTH and uP/Cr increased in all groups. There were ethnic differences in changes in bone markers, but the relationship with changes in PTH was comparable between groups.In conclusion, ethnic differences in mineral metabolism in response to 5-day P loading were found. Chinese subjects showed a more rapid renal clearance of P than British and Gambian counterparts and there were differences between the groups in the skeletal response to P loading, but no evidence was found for resistance to the resorbing effects of PTH. 相似文献
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Many sub-unit vaccines are successful in preventing the occurrence of disease, but their use is largely restrained due to low immunogenicity. Novel carrier-based vaccine could serve as a vaccine adjuvant to overcome low immunogenicity of sub-unit vaccines. The use of liposomes as a delivery system for antigen is well recognized but they are unstable and release of antigen from them cannot be controlled over a prolonged period of time. To overcome the limitation of liposomes, this study has developed gel core liposomes in which a core of polymer was incorporated inside the liposomal vesicles, which serve the function of skeleton and provide mechanical strength to vesicles. In the present investigation BSA-loaded gel core liposomes were prepared by reverse phase evaporation method and characterized for vesicles size, shape, entrapment efficiency, in vitro release and stability studies. The in vivo studies to evaluate antigen presenting potential of the gel-core liposomes was performed in Balb/c mice by measuring the immune response elicited by intramuscular administration of BSA-loaded gel core liposomes and compared with intramuscularly administered BSA-loaded conventional liposomes, alum adsorbed BSA and plain antigen. Results indicate that intramuscular immunization with gel core liposomes induces efficient systemic antibody responses against BSA as compared to other formulations. The gel core liposomal formulation provides good entrapment efficiency, enhanced in vitro stability, prolonged antigen release and effective immunoadjuvant property, justifying its potential for improved vaccine delivery. 相似文献
10.
M.S. Fewtrell C. Benden J.E. Williams S. Chomtho F. Ginty S.V. Nigdikar A. Jaffe 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2008,7(4):307-312
Young adults with cystic fibrosis (CF) frequently develop bone disease. One suggested aetiological factor is suboptimal vitamin K status with impaired carboxylation of osteocalcin and abnormal bone formation. METHODS: We measured bone mineralization and turnover in thirty-two 8-12 year old CF patients (14 boys) using Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (whole body (WB) and lumbar spine (LS)), 25-OH Vitamin D, PTH and markers of bone formation (plasma osteocalcin, N-terminal pro-peptide of type 1 collagen (P1NP)), plus an indirect measure of vitamin K status, undercarboxylated osteocalcin (uc-OC). RESULTS: LS bone mineral density (BMD) standard deviation (SD) scores were < -1.0 in 20% of subjects. Size-adjusted LS and WB bone mass was normal. Compared to reference data, % uc-OC was high and P1NP low. LS bone mass was predicted by % uc-OC but not other markers (0.4% decrease in size-adjusted LSBMC (p=0.05); 0.04 SD decrease in LSBMAD (p=0.04) per 1% increase in uc-OC). CONCLUSION: Markers suggestive of sub-optimal vitamin K status and low bone formation were present despite normal size-adjusted bone mass. The association between LSBMC and % uc-OC is consistent with the hypothesis that sub-optimal vitamin K status is a risk factor for CF bone disease. This should ideally be investigated in an intervention trial. 相似文献