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1.
Two modified helical basket extractors are described that have increased the success rate of removing ureteral calculi using fluoroscopy from 63% to 92%. Initially a rather stiff and expandable basket with a 20-cm filiform tip is used with coaxial catheters and sheath (stage 1). If this procedure is unsuccessful, a basket with two long cable ends is passed from the nephrostomy out through the urethra (stage 2). When used with coaxial bladder catheters, this technique allows dilatation of the vesicoureteric junction and retrograde catheterization and injection of fluids or gas to dislodge the stone prior to extraction. In a series of 38 patients, stones were removed in all but three (a success rate of 92%). In five cases small stones (less than 5 mm) were not retrieved but subsequent studies were normal. Ureteral stones were found in the abdominal ureter in 28 cases, in the pelvic ureter in seven cases, and in multiple sites in three cases. Stones were larger than 1 cm in 27.7% of cases. Postextraction mucosal edema with reduced ureteral patency was common but usually cleared in 2-3 days. Occasional complications were related to the nephrostomy. 相似文献
2.
3.
Retrorenal colon: implications for percutaneous diskectomy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
It has been recommended that computed tomography (CT) with the patient prone be performed in every patient undergoing percutaneous diskectomy; this would enable detection of a retrorenal location of the colon, which could interfere with the percutaneous procedure. In this evaluation of 346 prone CT studies, only one patient (0.29%) was found to have retrorenal or retropsoas bowel that would have been perforated at diskectomy. Because of this extremely low prevalence, the performance of prone CT in every patient undergoing percutaneous lumbar diskectomy is not believed to be necessary. 相似文献
4.
The potential of topoisomerase I inhibitors in the treatment of CNS malignancies: report of a synergistic effect between topotecan and radiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Despite innovations in imaging, surgery, and radiation therapy, local failure remains the principle clinical problem in most CNS malignancies. To date, chemotherapy has not made a major impact in the treatment of most adult CNS tumors. The inroads made by chemotherapy in pediatric CNS malignancies suggest that novel drugs, or drug combinations, may improve therapy. Topoisomerase I (Topo I) inhibitors are a relatively new group of chemotherapy drugs with a novel mechanism of action. Drugs in this group currently undergoing clinical trials are the Camptothecin analogues Topotecan, CPT-11, and 9-aminocamptothecin. There is substantial preclinical and some clinical evidence to suggest that these drugs could be useful in the treatment of CNS malignancies. Preclinical studies with the water soluble Topo I inhibitor, Topotecan, demonstrate antineoplastic activity in a variety of CNS malignancies. In addition, Topotecan has good CNS penetration in primates, and recent preliminary phase I and II clinical trials of Topotecan in pediatric and adult CNS malignancies have been promising. In this paper, we describe the unique mechanism of action, antineoplastic activity, and radiosensitizing properties of Topo I inhibitors. We present the first report demonstrating potentiation of radiation lethality by Topotecan in a human glioma (1354) cell line. The dose enhancement ratio was 3.2 at 10% survival. Thus, there is evidence to suggest that Topo I inhibitors may be beneficial in the treatment of CNS neoplasms on the basis of their antineoplastic activity alone, as well as their radiosensitizing effects. Two clinical trials which utilize concurrent Topotecan and radiation in the treatment of pediatric and adult CNS malignancies are discussed. 相似文献
5.
Glycoproteins present in human follicular fluid that inhibit the zona- binding capacity of spermatozoa 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Previous studies have suggested that human follicular fluid contains
factors that reduce the zona-binding capacity of spermatozoa. The present
study provides further evidence of the existence of such factors. Using the
hemizona binding assay (HZA), we have shown that the inhibitory effect of
human follicular fluid on the zona-binding capacity of spermatozoa is
concentration-dependent, an inhibitory effect being detected when the
concentration of human follicular fluid was > or = 10%. A 1%
concentration of human follicular fluid did not possess this inhibitory
activity. Heating human follicular fluid at 56 degrees C for 30 min did not
affect its inhibitory properties; treatment with proteinase-K abolished
such inhibition. Human follicular fluid was fractionated sequentially by
concanavalin-A affinity chromatography, Mono Q ion-exchange chromatography
and Superose-12 gel filtration. The zona binding inhibitory activity
resided in the fraction which bound to the lectin and Mono Q column and
contained molecules with native molecular weights of 32 and 192 kDa. Sodium
dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis suggested that
the 192 kDa glycoprotein was a tetramer, while the 32 kDa glycoprotein
remained as a single molecular species under denaturing conditions. We
conclude that two glycoproteins were responsible for the zona binding
inhibitory activity of human follicular fluid. The physiological role of
these factors remains unclear.
相似文献
6.
Non-typhoid Salmonella gastroenteritis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
7.
Wang WS; Hsieh RK; Chiou TJ; Liu JH; Fan FS; Yen CC; Tung SL; Chen PM 《Japanese journal of clinical oncology》1998,28(9):551-554
A 54-year-old man was treated with weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil (2600 mg/m2) and leucovorin (100 mg/m2) for metastatic colon
cancer. At first, he tolerated the treatment well and no significant
toxicity was identified. After a total of eight courses of treatment, a
stable disease was observed, but mild shortness of breath was found on
occasion. The patient had no previous history of cardiac disease and the
heart performance assessed by left ventricular ejection fraction before
treatment was normal. Unfortunately, acute pulmonary edema with lethal
cardiogenic shock occurred during the ninth course of treatment, in spite
of intensive medical treatment. The chest X-ray showed extreme
cardiomegaly. Repeated assessment of his heart function by echocardiogram
and ventricular ejection fraction revealed a very poor cardiac performance.
Toxic cardiogenic shock during weekly 24-h infusion of high-dose
5-fluorouracil and leucovorin is extremely rare. To the best of our
knowledge, no case has been reported in the English literature. We report a
case and the relevant literature about the incidence, clinical picture and
possible pathophysiology on 5-fluorouracil-related cardioxicity is
reviewed.
相似文献
8.
PURPOSE: We present our experience with collagen injection for treating urinary incontinence after cystectomy and orthotopic bladder substitution in women. We discuss the efficacy of collagen injection, specific complications and subsequent definitive therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed cystectomy and orthotopic bladder substitution in 2 women for muscle invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. In each case new onset stress urinary incontinence developed after surgery that was refractory to conservative therapy. Intrinsic sphincter deficiency was diagnosed in each patient by video urodynamic studies. Initial treatment involved transurethral collagen injections but subsequent intervention was required due to resultant complications and primary therapy inefficacy. RESULTS: Collagen (3.5 cc per session) was injected in 1 case at 2 treatment sessions and in the other at 3. Incontinence symptoms did not significantly improve in either patient and a new onset vesicovaginal fistula developed 2 days and 1 month after collagen injection, respectively. Subsequently in each case 1-stage transvaginal primary fistula repair was done in multiple layers with a pubovaginal sling procedure. Six months after repair there has been no recurrent fistula and the women remain hypercontinent, requiring intermittent self-catheterization. They are satisfied with their eventual lower tract function and overall outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Collagen injection for type 3 stress urinary incontinence after cystectomy and orthotopic bladder replacement in women may not be as effective and innocuous as in patients with a native bladder. Initial treatment with a pubovaginal sling procedure should be considered. 相似文献
9.
Yang PY Almofti MR Lu L Kang H Zhang J Li TJ Rui YC Sun LN Chen WS 《第二军医大学学报》2006,27(6):637-637
Polygonum multiflorum stilbeneglycoside (PMS) is a water-soluble fraction of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. , one of the most famous tonic traditional Chinese medicines, that has protective effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of the present study is to elucidate the effects of PMS on macrophage-derived foam cell functions and the reduction of severity of atherosclerosis in hypercholesterolemic New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits. NZW rabbits were fed for 12 weeks with a normal diet, a high cholesterol diet, or a high cholesterol diet associated with irrigation with different doses of PMS (25, 50, or 100 mg/kg). Treatment of NZW rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet with 100 mg/kg PMS attenuated the increase in plasma cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and plasma triglyceride. Treatment with 50 and 100 mg/kg PMS caused 43% and 60% decrease in atherosclerotic lesioned area ratio to total surface area, respectively. In U937 foam cells, PMS could decrease the high expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 protein and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein levels in the medium induced by oxidized lipoprotein when analyzed by flow cytometry. The results proved that PMS is a powerful agent against atherosclerosis and that PMS action could possibly be through the inhibition of the expression of ICAM-1 and VEGF in foam cells. 相似文献
10.
为了寻找毒性低、增敏作用强的乏氧细胞放射增敏剂,设计并合成了一系列5-溴-,5-甲基-,和5-未取代的3-硝基-1,2,4-三唑-1-乙酰胺类化合物,用HeLaS3细胞进行了体外试验。结果表明5-溴取代衍生物的增敏作用强于相应的5-甲基-或5-未取代的硝基三唑衍生物,但是它们的毒性亦增大。修饰1位乙酰胺侧链也可以改变化合物的增敏作用和亲脂性。在所测定的化合物中TA-101[2-(3-硝基-1-三唑基)乙酰胺]由于有高的增敏作用和低亲脂性,可能是一个有希望的放射增敏剂。 相似文献