肝素抑制后发性白内障形成的实验研究

肝素抑制后发性白内障形成的实验研究上海第二医科大学新华医院眼科夏小平，陆道炎，王丽天，陈才根，吴念祖目前有关减少后发性白内障形成的方法涉及二个方面。手术方面包括：尽可能多地清除晶体皮质和前囊膜上皮细胞、术中冷冻后囊、现在中山医科大学第三临床学院眼科尽...     

ACTIVIT OF HUMAN PLACENTAL GAMMA GLOBULININ BLOCKING IMMUNE FUNCTIONS IN VITRO AND IN ABROGATING THE XENOGENEIC, LOCAL GRAFT-VERSUS-HOST-REEACTEON

In order to understand the mechanism of immunosuppression caused by infusion of placental gamma globulin (PGG) in patients with renal allografts, rheumatoid arthritis, and graft – versus –host disease (GCHD) following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) ,we have examined the effect of PGG in vitro and in a model of the xenogeneic , local graft –ver- sus – host reaction (LGVHR) .PGG inhibited lymphocyte proliferation in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLC) (P<0.005) and depressed interleukin -2 (IL-2) levels in such cultures at 72 hours (P<0.01) . In contrast phytohemagglutinin (PHA) –and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) –induced T and B lymphocyte blastogenesis was not affected by such PGG treatment .PGG treatment .PGG neither decreased the [3H] TdR pulse incorporation in unstimulated lymphocytes nor affected cell viability .Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry showed that PGG reduced the percentage of cells in S and G2, M phases during the MLC, but did not alter cell cycling during PWM-stimulated proliferation . An immunosuppressive effect of PGG on the LGCHR was tested in a model of intracutaneous transplantation of PGG –treat human lymphocytes into cyclophosphamide – immunosuppressed rats. Lymphoprep – separated human tonsillar lymphocytes were incubated with RPMI-1640 buffer containing：（1）PGG,4mg/ml,(2) human plasma albumin,4mg/ml,(3)mitomycin-C,25ug/ml, or (4) no additive. Cell of each preparation (3x107cells in 0.1ml) were injected intracutaneously into cyclophosphamide-treated male rats at separate abdominal locations. A fifth site received only the buffer solution. Five days after injection of cells ,each rat received [125 I]IUdR (10uCi) intraperitoneally and was killed after 5 hours. For each site of injection, the diameters of induration were measured and 125 I was counted . There was no difference between buffer – treated and a ibumin – treated groups either in the diameter of the area of induration (t=0.66;P>0.5)or in radioactive counts(t=0.22;P>0.05).In the PGG –treated group, the induration and radioactivity measurements were significantly less than in control groups (t=3.72 and P<0.1;t=2.62 and P<0.02,respectively ) Cytophilic antibodies in PGG were thought to inhibit an early phase of T cell activation, and not to be cytotoxicity .In the LGVHR, the immune response might be abrogated either by immuno- regulatory suppression of T cell function or by toxicity to the infused lymphoid cells. For some clinical purposes, immuno- modulating, human antibodies might be preferred to murine, monoclonal antibodies.     

软性人工晶体和白内障超声乳化小切口植入

作者最近应世界人工晶体基金会的邀请,在美国作了短期参观学习。在此期间,通过交谈、直接观看手术和录像以及近期的文献资料,得到一个深刻的印象,即软性人工晶体作为一种新材料、新类型和新方法正在兴起。软性人工晶体可折叠起来,通过超声乳化术3mm的小切口植入眼内,伤口只需缝合一针。更新的研究表明,今后有     

一期前路病灶清除植骨融合加Z-plate钢板内固定术治疗腰椎结核

目的探讨腰椎结核一期前路病灶清除植骨融合加z—p1atc钢板内同定的治疗方法。方法本组2l例腰椎结核，术前严格抗痨治疗2周，血沉降至40mm/h以下，采用前路冷脓肿切排、病灶清除、植骨融合、加z—plate钛钢板内固定术，术后规范抗痨治疗1年。结果随访1年—1年半，全部病例临床症状消失。神经损伤恢复优良，按截瘫指数分级结果，指数降为2的l例，指数下降到0的10例，植骨均融合，无术后感染、窦道形成、脊柱不稳、病灶复发、矫正度丢失等并发症发生。结论通过21例临床观察，腰椎结核并冷脓肿形成，后凸畸形、神经损伤，采用前路一次性病灶清除、减压、植骨融合内固定术，结合术前术后的严格规范抗痨治疗是一种可推行的治疗方法。     

应用他莫昔芬可能诱发的并发症

他莫昔芬（Tamoxden，TMX，三本氧胺）现在临床上用于治疗晚期乳腺癌和卵巢癌。这种疗法已使用了20多年，能明显地降低疾病的复发率和死亡率。对雌激素受体阳性病人较明性病人疗效好；对绝经后和60岁以上病人较绝经前和年青病人疗效好。TMX副作用轻微。常见的有发热、潮红、恶心、呕吐、厌食、腹泻、月经不规则、阴道出血、外阴疫痒、白带增多、头痛、眩晕、皮疹、骨痛、高血钙等。偶有粒细胞缺乏症和血小板减少。长期大量使用可出现视力障碍（视网膜病）、血栓性静脉炎。有报道观察10，000例患者1年没有由于TMX引起死亡的。绝大多数病…     

不同耐力水平运动员安静、负荷和恢复状态下的STI研究

本工作研究了不同耐力水平运动员安静,负荷和恢复状态下的STI不同变化特点。三组受试者分别为耐力运动员组、中等耐力水平运动员组和对照组。每组30名男     

组织纤溶酶原激活物抑制后囊混浊形成的临床观察

组织纤溶酶原激活物抑制后囊混浊形成的临床观察上海第二医大新华医院眼科夏小平，陆道炎，王丽天，陈才根，吴念祖组织纤溶酶原激活物（ｔｉｓｓｕｅｐｌａｓｍｉｎｏｇｅｎａｃｔｉｖａｔｏｒ，ｔＰＡ）是从已克隆的人ｔＰＡ基因中得到的一种丝氨酸蛋白酶，可特异性地作...     

标本配穴电针治疗对慢性心肌缺血模型大鼠心肌梗死面积与细胞凋亡指数的影响

目的观察标本配穴针刺治疗对慢性心肌缺血大鼠心肌梗死面积及心肌细胞凋亡的影响,探讨其保护作用及机制。方法将70只SPF级Wistar雄性大鼠根据随机数字表法分为7组,每组10只。采用腹部皮下注射ISO制作心肌缺血模型。LY294002组和IGF-1组分别在造模当日给予LY294002溶液和IGF-1溶液注射,所有针刺组在造模前进行电针针刺预处理。试验结束后采用Evans Blue-TTC双染法检测心肌梗死面积指标IS/LV(梗死心肌面积/左心室心肌)和ARR/LV(危险心肌/左心室心肌),TUNEL技术测定心肌细胞AI(凋亡指数)。结果其他各组IS/LV、ARR/LV和AI均比正常组相明显增高,差异有显著性意义(P0.05或P0.01)。IGF-1组、内关组和标本配穴组IS/LV、ARR/LV和AI均比模型组有所下降,差异有显著性意义(P0.01);LY294002组和标本配穴+LY294002组的IS/LV、ARR/LV和AI明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P0.01或0.05)。IGF组IS/LV、ARR/LV和AI比标本配穴组有所降低,但差异无统计学意义(P0.05);内关组、LY294002组和标本配穴+LY294002组的IS/LV、ARR/LV和AI高于标本配穴组,差异有显著性意义(P0.01)。结论标本配穴电针治疗在对大鼠慢性心肌缺血梗死面积及细胞凋亡的改善作用上优于单取内关穴,其作用机制有可能是通过激活PI3K/Akt通路起到保护心肌的作用。