中医外治法在慢性萎缩性胃炎中的应用研究进展

慢性萎缩性胃炎（CAG）是消化系统常见的慢性疾病,被认为是胃癌癌前病变,严重危害人类健康。如何有效促进胃黏膜的修复、抑制腺体的萎缩、阻断癌变是临床研究的热点。目前西医尚缺乏特效的治疗手段,近年来,大量研究结果表明,中医外治法在治疗CAG方面取得了显著成果,且具有简、便、效、廉等优势,深受患者青睐。现查阅近年来包括针刺法、灸法及贴敷法等在内的常用中医外治法治疗CAG的相关文献并进行综述,以期为临床治疗该病提供参考。     

资中县HIV/AIDS纳入对新型合作医疗统筹基金的影响分析

为了了解资中县HIV／AIDS纳入新型合作医疗所产生的影响，分析该渠道筹集并解决艾滋病医药费用的可行性。结果发现，HIV／AIDS纳入新型合作医疗一定程度上可以有效分担艾滋病医药费用，但若感染者人数超过合作医疗所能覆盖的临界范围，则需开启政府分担功能，设立艾滋病专项基金用于补偿合作医疗无法覆盖的部分。     

Hysterectomy for hematometra in a 15-year-old mentally handicapped girl with congenital cervicovaginal agenesis and concomitant ovarian adenoma

We report a case of hematometra and bilateral hematosalphinx in a 15-year-old mentally handicapped adolescent girl, complicated by vaginal agenesis over cervical atresia in the presence of an ovarian adenoma. The case was managed by abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salphingectomy of the hematosalphinx, which had formed a tubo-ovarian mass. One ovary was preserved. This case also considers the management of the mentally handicapped patient unable to comprehend pain arising from cryptomenorrhea.     

Surviving 27 weeks fetus expelled out of the ruptured rudimentary horn and detected a month later as a secondary abdominal pregnancy

A pregnant woman, gravida 3 with two living children, who frequently experienced syncope from 23(+5) weeks of pregnancy onwards and recurring every week for a period of 3 weeks, was repeatedly treated in line for a case of acid peptic disease/appendicitis in various peripheral hospitals of Nepal, until ultrasonogram/magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of an (undisturbed) live 27(+5) weeks abdominal pregnancy was made at our hospital. On laparotomy, this materialized to be secondary to the rupture of a left rudimentary horn pregnancy (evidenced from its sealed margin) which still retained a complete placenta, from where an umbilical cord was seen, traversing across towards the right side of the abdominal cavity just below the liver, securing its attachment to the surviving fetus and enclosed in an intact amniotic sac. Excision of the rudimentary horn containing the placenta was accomplished, after the delivery of a live baby weighing 650 g who unfortunately died on the third day of life.     

Colles骨折手法整复后竹夹板固定与石膏固定的疗效比较

目的 通过随访对Colles骨折手法整复后竹夹板固定与石膏固定的疗效进行比较,确定Colles骨折手法整复后的有效治疗方案.方法 将120例Colles骨折患者按随机数字表法随机分为竹夹板外固定组60例及石膏外固定组60例,骨折手法整复成功后,按照组别分别给予竹夹板固定及石膏固定治疗,外固定拆除后均给予中药熏洗1个月,6个月后进行随访,并按照Gartland and Werley腕关节评分比较两组骨折患者的腕关节评分,以评价疗效.结果 竹夹板固定组优良率为83.3%,优于石膏固定组的56.7%(P<0.01).结论 Colles骨折手法整复后竹夹板固定的疗效优于石膏固定.     

Climate variability and transmission of Japanese encephalitis in eastern China

A time-series analysis was conducted to study the impact of climate variability on the transmission of Japanese encephalitis in eastern China. Correlation and regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between monthly climatic variables and monthly incidence of Japanese encephalitis in Jieshou County, China over the period 1980-96. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that maximum and minimum temperatures and rainfall were all associated with the transmission of Japanese encephalitis in the county. Regression analysis suggested that monthly mean minimum temperature and monthly precipitation had a significant relationship with the transmission of Japanese encephalitis, with a 1-month lag effect. The results indicated that these climatic variables might be treated as possible predictors for regions with similar geographic, climatic, and socio-economic conditions to Jieshou County.     

The view from two sides: a qualitative study of community and medical perspectives on screening for colorectal cancer using FOBT

BACKGROUND: Population-wide screening for people at average risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) by faecal occult blood test (FOBT) is under consideration in Australia. METHODS: Qualitative methods were used to examine the views of community members who did (n = 18) or did not (n = 12) participate in a pilot program of FOBT screening. In addition, views were obtained from general practitioners (GPs) and specialist gastroenterologists directly involved in the implementation of the program. Two focus group sessions were conducted with screening participants and interviews were conducted with nonparticipants, GPs and gastroenterologists. RESULTS: The findings suggest that CRC screening by FOBT distributed to households by mail was well accepted by the community and by the medical practitioners involved in its implementation. The trial had little negative effect on general practice. Both medical practitioners and consumers raised concerns about the efficacy of FOBT screening. Medical practitioners were also concerned about the potential burden mass screening could place on the public (government-funded) health care sector. CONCLUSIONS: It would seem that CRC screening using FOBT will not enjoy unqualified support from the community or from medical practitioners involved in the continuum of screening. Information about the objectives of screening programs, in general, and the efficacy of FOBT screening in particular, needs to be provided to the community to ensure informed individual choice.     

Characterization and biological evaluation of a microparticle adjuvant formulation for plasmid DNA vaccines

We describe the physiochemical characterization and immunological evaluation of plasmid DNA vaccine formulations containing a nonionic triblock copolymer adjuvant (CRL1005) in the presence and absence of a cationic surfactant, benzalkonium chloride (BAK). CRL1005 forms particles of 1-10 microns upon warming above its phase-transition temperature (approximately 6-8 degrees C) and the physical properties of the particles are altered by BAK. DNA/CRL1005 vaccines formulated with and without BAK were evaluated in rhesus macaques to determine the effect of CRL1005 and BAK on the ability of plasmid DNA to induce a cellular immune response. Immunogenicity results indicate that the addition of CRL1005 to human immunodeficiency virus-1 gag plasmid DNA formulated in phosphate-buffered saline leads to an enhancement in the gag-specific cellular immune response. Moreover, the addition of BAK to human immunodeficiency virus-1 gag plasmid DNA/CRL1005 formulations produces an additional enhancement in gag-specific cellular immunity. In vitro characterization studies of DNA/CRL1005 formulations indicate no detectable binding of DNA to CRL1005 particles in the absence of BAK, suggesting that the enhancement of cellular immunity induced by DNA/CRL1005 formulations is not due to enhanced DNA delivery. In the presence of BAK, however, results indicate that BAK binds to CRL1005 particles, producing cationic microparticles that bind DNA through electrostatic interactions. If BAK is present at the phase-transition temperature, it reduces the particle size from approximately 2 microns to approximately 300 nm, presumably by binding to hydrophobic surfaces during particle formation. Zeta potential measurements indicate that the surface charge of CRL1005-BAK particles changes from positive to negative upon DNA binding, and DNA bound to the surface of CRL1005-BAK particles was visualized by fluorescence microscopy. These results indicate that the addition of BAK to DNA/CRL1005 formulations leads to the formation of approximately 300 nm CRL1005-BAK-DNA particles that enhance the cellular immune response in rhesus monkeys.     

我院2010年186例药品不良反应报告分析

目的:分析医院2010年药品不良反应(ADR)发生的特点与规律,为临床合理用药提供参考.方法:对2010年1 - 12月收集的186例有效ADR报告进行分析.结果:186例ADR报告中,男性所占比例(55.38%)略高于女性(44.62%);中老年人所占比例最高(25.27%);引起ADR的主要用药途径为静脉给药(93...     

Prenatal exposure to mercury and neurobehavioral development of neonates in Zhoushan City, China

Exposure to hazardous Hg can adversely affect children's neurodevelopment. However, few data are available on either Hg levels in neonates and their mothers or the impact of prenatal exposure to Hg on neonates' neurobehavioral development in the Chinese population. Therefore, this study examined Hg levels in neonates and their mothers and the relationship between prenatal exposure to Hg and neonates' neurobehavioral development in Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province, China. Between August and October 2004, 417 women who delivered their babies at Zhoushan Women's and Children's Health Hospital, an island city in east China were invited to take part in this study. A total of 408 complete questionnaires, 405 maternal hair samples, and 406 umbilical cord samples were collected. Neonatal behavioral neurological assessments (NBNA) were conducted for 384 neonates. The geometric mean (GM) of Hg level in cord blood was 5.58 microg/L (interquartile range: 3.96-7.82 microg/L), and the GM of maternal hair Hg level was 1246.56 microg/kg (interquartile range: 927.34-1684.67 microg/kg), a level much lower than other reported fish-eating populations, indicating Hg exposure in Zhoushan city is generally below those considered hazardous. However, according to the reference dose of Hg levels (RfD 5.8 microg/L) derived by EPA, 69.9% of newborns had levels at or above the RfD, an estimated level assumed to be without appreciable harm. There was a strong correlation between maternal hair and cord blood Hg levels (r = 0.82, P < 0.01). Frequency of fish consumption was associated with hair Hg (r = 0.48, P < 0.01) and cord blood Hg levels (r = 0.54, P < 0.01). Increased prenatal Hg exposure was associated with decreased behavioral ability for males (OR = 1.235, 95%CI of OR = 1.078-1.414, P < 0.001), but not for females. Our results provide some support for the hypothesis that there is neurodevelopmental risk for males from prenatal MeHg exposure resulting from fish consumption. But the findings of this study may be due to chance, and long-term follow-up research is needed to evaluate cumulative effects of exposure to mercury.