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Moudhi Alroomi Rajesh Rajan Ahmad Alsaber Jiazhu Pan Mohammed Abdullah Hassan Abdelnaby Wael Aboelhassan Noor AlNasrallah Bader AlBader Haya Malhas Maryam Ramadhan Soumoud Hussein Naser Alotaibi Mohammad Al Saleh Kobalava D. Zhanna Farah Almutairi 《Journal of clinical laboratory analysis》2022,36(4)
BackgroundThis study investigates in‐hospital mortality amongst patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and its relation to serum levels of gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT).MethodsPatients were stratified according to serum levels of gamma‐glutamyl transferase (GGT) (GGT<50 IU/L or GGT≥50 IU/L).ResultsA total of 802 participants were considered, amongst whom 486 had GGT<50 IU/L and a mean age of 48.1 (16.5) years, whilst 316 had GGT≥50 IU/L and a mean age of 53.8 (14.7) years. The chief sources of SARS‐CoV‐2 transmission were contact (366, 45.7%) and community (320, 40%). Most patients with GGT≥50 IU/L had either pneumonia (247, 78.2%) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (85, 26.9%), whilst those with GGT<50 IU/L had hypertension (141, 29%) or diabetes mellitus (DM) (147, 30.2%). Mortality was higher amongst patients with GGT≥50 IU/L (54, 17.1%) than amongst those with GGT<50 IU/L (29, 5.9%). More patients with GGT≥50 required high (83, 27.6%) or low (104, 34.6%) levels of oxygen, whereas most of those with GGT<50 had no requirement of oxygen (306, 71.2%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that GGT≥50 IU/L (odds ratio [OR]: 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–3.45, p=0.009), age (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.07, p<0.001), hypertension (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p=0.011), methylprednisolone (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.74–5.01, p<0.001) and fever (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.15–3.68, p=0.016) were significant predictors of all‐cause cumulative mortality. A Cox proportional hazards regression model (B = −0.68, SE =0.24, HR =0.51, p = 0.004) showed that patients with GGT<50 IU/L had a 0.51‐times lower risk of all‐cause cumulative mortality than patients with GGT≥50 IU/L.ConclusionHigher levels of serum GGT were found to be an independent predictor of in‐hospital mortality. 相似文献
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I Ahmad F J Branicki K Ramadhan Y El-Ashaal F M Abu-Zidan 《Scandinavian journal of surgery》2008,97(3):243-247
PURPOSE: To study the mechanism, management and outcome of patients who had sustained pancreatic trauma. METHODOLOGY: Patients who were treated for pancreatic trauma in Al-Ain Hospital between October 2002 and August 2007 were retrospectively studied. RESULTS: All eleven patients were males having a median age of 30 years (range 24-52 years). Nine had blunt trauma while two had suffered penetrating injury. Three presented with shock. associated injuries were present in nine patients (head, chest, and extremities) while seven had other intra-abdominal injuries. Only one patient had isolated pancreatic injury. Early serum amylase was elevated in six patients. CT abdomen was diagnostic for pancreatic injury in seven patients. Two cases were missed by early CT scan (sensitivity of 78%) while the remaining two patients were taken immediately to the operating theater. All patients underwent laparotomy. Five patients were treated by drainage alone, four had distal pancreatectomy, abdominal packing was performed in one patient and in another gastrocystostomy was carried out. Pancreatic fistula occurred in three patients. Median hospital stay was 25 days (range 12-152 days). Two patients (18%) died. CONCLUSIONS: Blunt trauma is the main cause of pancreatic injury in our country. Early CT scan may miss pancreatic injury in almost a quarter of the patients. Thin sliced CT scan, with special views in a dedicated abdominal pancreatic study, is recommended. A high index of clinical suspicion, depending on the mechanism of injury, is important for diagnosis of pancreatic injury. Mortality is mainly attributable to other associated injuries so simple procedures should initially be adopted for pancreatic injury, especially in haemodynamically unstable patients. 相似文献
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Plasmodium species identification by ELISA for sporozoites removed from dried dissection slides 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
J C Beier R S Copeland F K Onyango C M Asiago M Ramadhan D K Koech C R Roberts 《Journal of medical entomology》1991,28(4):533-536
This study tested the feasibility of identifying salavary gland sporozoites to species by Plasmodium falciparum ELISA by drying them on slides or in vials. The glands were dissected from Anopheles gambiae Giles s.l. and An. funestus Giles collected in western Kenya. In 119 gland infections containing a geometric mean of 1,222 sporozoites, a mean of 72.5% of sporozoites were removed in 60 microliters saline from slides at the time of dissection. Each of the 119 samples was divided into three 18 microliters aliquots. Subsamples were stored at -70 degrees C, dried in vials, or dried on a microslide. When tested by Plasmodium falciparum ELISA, positive reactions were observed in 86.6% of frozen samples, 70.6% of samples held dry in vials, and 50.4% of samples held dry on microslides for 1 mo. Of 90 gland infections where coverslips were removed and slides were left to dry for 1 mo before adding blocking buffer, 81.1% were positive for P. falciparum. This was not significantly different from either frozen gland samples (where 85.5% of 392 infections were identified or frozen gland plus corresponding thorax samples where 86.2% of 160 samples were identified). In malaria field studies, where it is not always practical to freeze samples, sporozoites from dissected mosquitoes can be preserved adequately for ELISA identification by simply removing coverslips and drying dissection slides. 相似文献
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AIMS: To investigate biofilm production and esp carriage in enterococci. METHODS: Biofilm production in vancomycin resistant enterococci (VRE) and vancomycin susceptible enterococci (VSE) was tested on a microtitre plate method, using both brain heart infusion (BHI) broth and human serum as media. Isolates were screened for the esp gene, which has been reported to be essential for biofilm formation in enterococci, by means of the polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: None of seven VRE and nine of 28 VSE tested formed a biofilm. One initially negative VRE Enterococcus faecium isolate produced a strong biofilm after 21 weeks of dry starvation on a cotton swab. By Fisher's exact test, there was no significant difference in biofilm formation between VRE and VSE, E faecalis and E faecium, or isolates from different sites. Biofilm formation was independent of possession of the esp gene. One isolate produced a strong biofilm in human serum but only a weak biofilm in BHI, whereas another produced a moderate biofilm in human serum but a weak biofilm in BHI. CONCLUSIONS: The acquisition of vancomycin resistance may result in a lower ability to form biofilms, but a larger study using clinical isolates is needed to test this hypothesis. That one initially negative VRE isolate produced a strong biofilm after prolonged dry starvation suggests that biofilm formation may be an adaptive response. The esp gene does not appear to be necessary or sufficient for production of biofilms in enterococci. 相似文献
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Mohammed Dahoma Lisa G. Johnston Abigail Holman Leigh Ann Miller Mahmoud Mussa Asha Othman Ahmed Khatib Ramadhan Issa Carl Kendall Andrea A. Kim 《AIDS and behavior》2011,15(1):186-192
We conducted a respondent driven sampling survey to estimate HIV prevalence and risk behavior among men who have sex with
men (MSM) in Unguja, Zanzibar. Men aged ≥15 years living in Unguja and reporting anal sex with another man in the past 3 months
were asked to complete a questionnaire and provide specimens for biologic testing. HIV prevalence was 12.3% (95% confidence
interval 8.7, 16.3). HIV infection was associated with injecting drugs in the past 3 months, Hepatitis C virus infection and
being paid for sex in the past year. Interventions for MSM in Zanzibar are needed and should include linkages to prevention,
care and treatment services. 相似文献
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Ramadhan A Messo E Hirsch JM 《Stomatologija / issued by public institution "Odontologijos studija" ... [et al.]》2010,12(3):93-96
We have reported a case of triple mental foramina at the right side of the premolar region, which was discovered during reposition and ostheosynthesis of a mandible fracture. A review of the literature, was performed which disclosed no previous clinical cases reported but an incidence of 1.2% of triple foramina after investigating dry skulls or radiographics. The discussion stresses the importance of adequate preoperative radiological examination in the clinical situation especially when closed surgery is planned. 相似文献
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Hashim T. Hashim Mustafa A. Ramadhan Shoaib Ahmad Jaffer Shah Joseph Varney Karam R. Motawea Omneya A. Kandil 《Clinical cardiology》2022,45(3):258
BackgroundIn cardiac transplant recipients, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a noninvasive measure of early allograft rejection. The ECG can predict an acute cellular rejection, thus shortening the time to recognition of rejection. Earlier diagnosis has the potential to reduce the number and severity of rejection episodes.MethodologyA systematic literature review was conducted to identify and select the original research reports on using electrocardiography in diagnosing cardiac transplant rejection in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Studies included reported sensitivity and specificity of ECG readings in heart transplant recipients during the first post‐transplant year. Data were analyzed with Review manager version 5.4. p‐value was used in testing the significant difference.ResultsAfter the removal of duplicates, 98 articles were eligible for screening. After the full‐text screening, a total of 17 papers were included in the review based on the above criteria. A meta‐analysis of five studies was done.ConclusionIn heart transplant recipients, a noninvasive measure of early allograft rejection has the potential to reduce the number and severity of rejection episodes by reducing the time and cost of surveillance of rejection and shortening the time to recognition of rejection. 相似文献
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Samson O Omondi Peter K Msaki Kazema R Ramadhan Idrissa S Amour Innocent J Lugendo 《African health sciences》2022,22(2):621
BackgroundProjection diagnostic X-ray images are inherently affected by the masking effects of transmitted scatter. Spatially distributed transmitted scatter degrades image quality engendering need for effective scatter correction protocol.ObjectivesTo investigate origin of scatter components transmitted through anti-scatter grids to the detector of digital radiography system using Monte Carlo simulation.MethodsOver 107 photons were exposed through the reconstructed MC simulation phantom. Transmitted photons (primary and scatter) were scored as fluence, dose and deposited energy. Scatter components were investigated analytically over varying phantom thickness, tube kV and grid characteristics. Test disks were exposed as ROI embedded in phantom to evaluate the potential contrast improvement in image quality with the proposed technique.ResultsSimulated and experimental results were comparable and in agreement with literature. SPR and SF mean values of 10.5, 0.314 and 7.96, 0.242 through grids of ratio 10:1 and 16:1 respectively was observed. Analysis of scatter components generation in object, grid''s assembly, and fluorescent yields gave mean values of 0.815, 0.167 and 0.017, respectively. Image contrast was observed to increase with tube voltage and grid ratio.ConclusionAchieving better image contrast, reduced patient dose and low scatter transmission while maintaining superior image quality, using grids with high grid ratio and selectivity is recommended. 相似文献