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ABSTRACTAlthough communication about sexuality is a significant pathway through which peers influence adolescent sexual development, little research has examined the role of peer networks in the use of sexualized media. We applied a social network approach to assess the role of close peers in adolescent pornography use and sexting in a sample of Croatian high school students. Sexual conversation networks’ characteristics did not correlate with pornography use. In contrast, sexting was associated with the proportion of same gender peers, the proportion of older peers and the proportion of sexually experienced peers in the network – pointing to the role of peer influence. Participants’ gender did not moderate these associations. Specific mechanisms underlying the observed associations and the role of peer selection remain important tasks for future research. 相似文献
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Anna Letícia Soares Marinez de Oliveira Sousa Luci Maria Dusse Ana Paula Salles Moura Fernandes Marcelo Carvalho Lasmar Bethania Alves Novelli Geralda de Fátima Guerra Lages Maria das Gra?as Carvalho 《Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis》2007,18(5):395-399
This study aimed to investigate whether endothelial cells are damaged and to evaluate fibrinolytic system function in patients with type 2 diabetes. For this proposal, plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (an endothelial marker of injury), homocysteine (an inductor of endothelial injury), D-dimer (a marker of coagulation cascade activation) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (a fibrinolysis marker) were measured in individuals with both type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure, with type 2 diabetes, with high blood pressure and in healthy control individuals. No significant differences among groups were observed for von Willebrand factor and homocysteine plasma levels. The type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure group presented a significant difference to the other groups for D-dimer and also presented high values for plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. The high blood pressure group and type 2 diabetes group presented separately higher values of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 compared with the control group. High levels of D-dimer and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes and high blood pressure with normoalbuminuria therefore indicate a state of hypercoagulability and hypofibrinolysis, despite no evident microvascular injury supported by normal levels of von Willebrand factor and homocysteine. 相似文献
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Certain parental cognitions about child sleep and bedtime behaviours used with their child have been linked to poorer child sleep. However, previous research has focused on mothers and explored only a limited range of sleep-related cognitions and practices. The present study investigated whether parental cognitions and sleep-related practices (both in connection with their own sleep and their child's sleep), alongside the bedtime behaviours used with their child were associated with and/or were predictive of their child's sleep. Mothers and fathers from 44 families (with a child aged 12–24 months) separately completed questionnaires reporting (i) their cognitions (about their own sleep and their child's sleep), (ii) sleep-related practices (used in connection with their own and their child's sleep) and (iii) bedtime behaviours used with their child. Child sleep was assessed through parental report and actigraphy. Both parents’ cognitions about their own sleep predicted cognitions about their child's sleep. Mothers’ own sleep-related practices predicted the types of practices they used with their child. Different patterns of maternal and paternal variables influenced parental perceptions of their child having a sleep problem. The present findings highlight the importance of including mothers and fathers in child sleep research. Parents’ dysfunctional cognitions (their own sleep) and broader sleep-related practices (their own and child sleep) should be considered when exploring influences on child sleep. Results have possible implications for targets of interventions for child sleep problems and also potential implications for theoretical models of child sleep. 相似文献
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Domijan AM Peraica M Fuchs R Lucić A Radić B Balija M Bosanac I Grgicević D 《Arhiv za higijenu rada i toksikologiju》1999,50(3):263-271
Healthy blood donors from the city of Zagreb were checked for the presence of a nephrotoxic mycotoxin ochratoxin A (OTA) in the plasma. Samples of blood were collected in June, September, and December 1997, and March 1998, totalling 200 or 50 in each round. The concentrations of OTA were measured using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) method (detection limit 0.2 ng OTA/ml of plasma). The frequency of OTA-positive samples (> 0.2 ng/ml of plasma) showed significant seasonal variation (P < 0.001). The frequency of OTA-positive samples was the highest in March (65%) and it gradually decreased towards December (12%). The high frequency of positive samples coincided with seasons favouring growth of moulds and production of toxins. The daily intake of OTA by healthy persons in Zagreb was estimated from the mean concentration of OTA in samples collected during the whole year (0.19 ng OTA/ml plasma). The estimated daily intake was 0.26 ng/kg b.w., that is, substantially below the tolerable daily intake proposed by World Health Organization (16.0 ng/kg b.w.). 相似文献
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Malaz Boustani MD MPH Jürgen Unützer MD MPH MA Luci K. Leykum MD MBA MSc 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2021,69(7):1755-1762
Most innovations developed to reduce the burden of Alzheimer disease and other related dementias (ADRD) are difficult to implement, diffuse, and scale. The consequences of such challenges in design, implementation, and diffusion are suboptimal care and resulting harm for people living with ADRD and their caregivers. National experts identified four factors that contribute to our limited ability to implement and diffuse of evidence-based services and interventions for people living with ADRD: (1) limited market demand for the implementation and diffusion of effective ADRD interventions; (2) insufficient engagement of persons living with ADRD and those caring for them in the development of potential ADRD services and interventions; (3) limited evidence and experience regarding scalability and sustainability of evidence-based ADRD care services; and (4) difficulties in taking innovations that work in one context and successfully implementing them in other contexts. New investments in the science of human-centered design, implementation, and diffusion are crucial for meeting the goals of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease under the auspices of the National Alzheimer's Project Act. 相似文献
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Lucas Calais-Ferreira Vinicius C. Oliveira Jeffrey M. Craig Louisa B. Flander John L. Hopper Luci F. Teixeira-Salmela Paulo H. Ferreira 《Revista brasileira de fisioterapia (S?o Carlos (S?o Paulo, Brazil))》2018,22(3):184-189
Background
Musculoskeletal conditions are highly prevalent in our ageing society and are therefore incurring substantial increases in population levels of years lived with disability (YLD). An evidence-based approach to the prognosis, prevention, and treatment of those disorders can allow an overall improvement in the quality of life of patients, while also softening the burden on national health care systems.Methods
In this Masterclass article, we provide an overview of the most relevant twin study designs, their advantages, limitations and major contributions to the investigation of traits related to the domain of musculoskeletal physical therapy.Conclusions
Twin studies can be an important scientific tool to address issues related to musculoskeletal conditions. They allow researchers to understand how genes and environment combine to influence human health and disease. Twin registries and international collaboration through existing networks can provide resources for achieving large sample sizes and access to expertise in study design and analysis of twin data. 相似文献10.
Temple A. Ratcliffe Meghan A. Crabtree Raymond F. Palmer Jacqueline A. Pugh Holly J. Lanham Luci K. Leykum 《Journal of general internal medicine》2018,33(4):449-454