表小檗碱对α受体的作用

表小檗碱(epiberberine,EB)是从湖北产黄连(Coptis chinensis Franch)中提取的一种生物碱,属苯喹嗪类原小檗碱,对其药理作用的研究资料甚少,未见其对α肾上腺素体作用的报道。资料表明,许多原小檗碱类化合物有α受体阻滞作用,为从该类化合物中选择     

Pain and faulty breathing: a pilot study

The purpose of this pilot study was to observe both relaxed and deep breathing patterns in a convenience sample to determine the incidence of normal versus faulty patterns of respiration. These observations were then combined with respondent answers to a survey on pain history to determine if there is any correlation between faulty breathing and musculo-skeletal pain patterns. If such a correlation can be made, then we propose that clinicians working with chronic pain patients may have improved outcomes if they address and correct faulty breathing patterns. Based on this study, it is suggested to include the evaluation and treatment of faulty respiration in the rehabilitation of chronic musculo-skeletal conditions, most notably cervical pain.     

Congenital pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect: angiographic and surgical correlates

Of 181 patients with severe congenital pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect or "type IV truncus" (an obsolete term), all but 11% had true central pulmonary arteries. These arteries were demonstrable by large serial biplane angiograms using multiple selective injections into collateral vessels, frequent photographic subtraction, and occasional pulmonary vein-wedge angiograms. These techniques are extremely important for accurate diagnosis and in planning corrective or palliative surgery, which was done in 77% of patients with pulmonary arteries.     

Infants born to narcotic dependent mothers: Physical growth patterns in the first 12 months of life

Objectives: To describe the physical growth patterns of infants born to narcotic dependent mothers (INDM) over a 12 months period and, if possible, to relate the growth to drug taking patterns during pregnancy.
Methodology: The growth of a cohort of 43 INDM was measured during the first 12 months of life. Weight and length measurements were compared with percentile charts and converted to Z scores. Questionnaire data about drug taking practices, demographic variables and the neonatal period (including withdrawal scores) were obtained.
Results: Twenty-four (55.8%) of INDM had evidence of neonatal drug withdrawal requiring treatment with phenobarbitone. At birth, Z scores for weight and length indicated relative intrauterine growth retardation. By 12 months, there had been some catch up growth, but Z scores for weight and length were still below zero. Persistent weight retardation at 12 months was correlated with methadone dosage during pregnancy, but not the need for phenobarbitone therapy.
Conclusions: The growth patterns of INDM in the first 12 months of life indicated that at birth there was evidence of intrauterine growth retardation, but by 12 months the growth was little different from the rest of the community. There appears to be some influence of narcotic agents taken while pregnant on subsequent growth of INDM.     

蓣知子皂甙IV的结构

从木通科木通属植物白木通[Akebia trifoliata(Thunb.)Koidz.var.australis(Diels)Rehd]种子的乙醇提取物中以硅胶层析等方法得四种三萜皂甙。其中甙IV是新天然产物,命名为蓣知子皂甙IV(yuzhiziosideIV)。根据化学和光谱分析,确定甙IV的结构为3-O-β-D-吡喃木糖基-(1→2)-a-L-吡喃阿拉伯糖齐墩果酸-28-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→6)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖酯甙。另外皂甙B(I)、皂甙C(II)和皂甙D(III)为已知物。这些化合物在白木通种子中均是首次得到。     

Circulating serum xenoestrogens and mammographic breast density

Introduction

Humans are widely exposed to estrogenically active phthalates, parabens, and phenols, raising concerns about potential effects on breast tissue and breast cancer risk. We sought to determine the association of circulating serum levels of these chemicals (reflecting recent exposure) with mammographic breast density (a marker of breast cancer risk).

Methods

We recruited postmenopausal women aged 55 to 70 years from mammography clinics in Madison, Wisconsin (N = 264). Subjects completed a questionnaire and provided a blood sample that was analyzed for mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, butyl paraben, propyl paraben, octylphenol, nonylphenol, and bisphenol A (BPA). Percentage breast density was measured from mammograms by using a computer-assisted thresholding method.

Results

Serum BPA was positively associated with mammographic breast density after adjusting for age, body mass index, and other potentially confounding factors. Mean percentage density was 12.6% (95% confidence interval (CI), 11.4 to 14.0) among the 193 women with nondetectable BPA levels, 13.7% (95% CI, 10.7 to 17.1) among the 35 women with detectable levels below the median (<0.55 ng/ml), and 17.6% (95% CI, 14.1 to 21.5) among the 34 women with detectable levels above the median (>0.55 ng/ml; P_trend = 0.01). Percentage breast density was also elevated (18.2%; 95% CI, 13.4 to 23.7) among the 18 women with serum mono-ethyl phthalate above the median detected level (>3.77 ng/ml) compared with women with nondetectable BPA levels (13.1%; 95% CI, 11.9 to 14.3; P_trend = 0.07). No other chemicals demonstrated associations with percentage breast density.

Conclusions

Postmenopausal women with high serum levels of BPA and mono-ethyl phthalate had elevated breast density. Further investigation of the impact of BPA and mono-ethyl phthalate on breast cancer risk by using repeated serum measurements or other markers of xenoestrogen exposure are needed.     

腹泻标本中同时分离类志贺邻单胞菌和豚鼠气单胞菌1例

0　引言　腹泻标本中同时检出类志贺邻单胞菌和豚鼠气单胞菌 ,在国内尚未见报道 .现报告如下 .1　临床资料　患者 ,女 ,45岁 .主诉于 12 h前因食不洁冷冻鱼类食品后 ,出现腹痛伴腹泻 ,为黄色稀水便转为血水样便 ,9次 / d,每次量约 2 0 0 m L.伴轻度乏力、恶心、里急后重 .腹痛以上腹部及左下腹部为著 ,呈持续隐痛伴有阵发性加重 .于2 0 0 0 - 0 3- 2 7就诊 .体检 :T37.2℃ ,P78次 / min,R16次 /min,BP13/ 8KPa.实验室检查 :WBC10 .8× 10 9· L- 1 ,N0 .84,L 0 .16 .大便常规 :RBC +++/ HP,WBC 3- 9/ HP,便隐血阳性 .取粪便送检做…