Clinical Course of Patients With Worsening Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction

Background

Epidemiology of patients with worsening heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the real-world setting is not well described.

Associations between serum amino acids and incident type 2 diabetes in Chinese rural adults

Background and aimsSome amino acids (AAs) may be associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This study aimed to determine the associations of individual AAs with the development of T2DM in rural Chinese adults.Methods and resultsA cohort study of 1199 individuals aged 18 years or older was conducted from 2006 to 2008 in a rural community of Deqing, China, a repeated survey was done in 2015 and data linkage with the electronic health records system was performed each year for identifying new T2DM cases. A high-performance liquid chromatography approach was used to measure the baseline serum concentrations of 15 AAs. Cox proportional hazards models were used to examine the associations between AAs and the risk of incident T2DM. A total of 98 new T2DM cases were identified during the follow-up of 12 years on average. Among 15 AAs, proline was associated with an increased risk of incident T2DM after adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, fasting plasma glucose, family history of T2DM, smoking status, alcohol use, and history of hypertension, the adjusted hazard ratio for 1-standard deviation increment was 1.20 (95% confidence interval: 1.00, 1.43). The association tended to be more marked in subjects younger than 60 years and overweight/obese subjects. Among participants without hypertension, proline and phenylalanine were associated with an increased risk of incident T2DM, while aspartic acid was associated with a decreased risk.ConclusionSerum proline was associated with the risk of incident T2DM in rural Chinese adults and might be a potential predictor.     

Mitophagy links oxidative stress conditions and neurodegenerative diseases

Mitophagy is activated by a number of stimuli, including hypoxia, energy stress, and increased oxidative phosphorylation activity. Mitophagy is associated with oxidative stress conditions and central neurodegenerative diseases. Proper regulation of mitophagy is crucial for maintaining homeostasis; conversely, inadequate removal of mitochondria through mitophagy leads to the generation of oxidative species, including reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species, resulting in various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These diseases are most prevalent in older adults whose bodies fail to maintain proper mitophagic functions to combat oxidative species. As mitophagy is essential for normal body function, by targeting mitophagic pathways we can improve these disease conditions. The search for effective remedies to treat these disease conditions is an ongoing process, which is why more studies are needed. Additionally, more relevant studies could help establish therapeutic conditions, which are currently in high demand. In this review, we discuss how mitophagy plays a significant role in homeostasis and how its dysregulation causes neurodegeneration. We also discuss how combating oxidative species and targeting mitophagy can help treat these neurodegenerative diseases.     

The Effectiveness of Nutrition Specialists on Pediatric Weight Management Outcomes in Multicomponent Pediatric Weight Management Interventions: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis

Background

Nutrition specialists are considered key members of multicomponent pediatric weight management intervention teams, but to date, their contribution has not been quantified.

头针联合工娱治疗对脑卒中后偏瘫的康复预后影响

目的评估头针联合工娱治疗对脑卒中后偏身功能障碍治疗的临床效果。方法选取2015年1月—2018年12月期间大连市友谊医院康复科病房收治的90例脑卒中恢复期存在偏身功能障碍的患者,病程在30~90 d,采取随机的方法,分为头针组30人,工娱组30人;综合组(头针联合工娱治疗组)30人。3组均给予运动疗法训练。头针组予头针治疗;工娱组予工娱治疗;综合组予头针+工娱治疗。治疗周期为4周,采用MAS运动量表进行肢体功能评定,比较3组临床疗效。经过四周的治疗后,三组患者治疗后MAS运动量表评分高于同一组治疗前评分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);3组患者治疗后MAS运动量表评分比较,综合组明显高于头针组及工娱组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论头针联合工娱治疗可显著改善脑卒中后患者偏身功能障碍。     

A hotspot mutation in transcription factor IKZF3 drives B cell neoplasia via transcriptional dysregulation

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益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移及CD44+EpCAM+干细胞比例的影响

目的 探讨益气补肾方含药血清对人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖转移能力及CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例的影响。方法 分别以低、中、高不同浓度益气补肾方含药血清及空白血清干预人胃癌细胞SGC-7901。采用MTT法检测24,48,72 h细胞增殖抑制率,Transwell小室检测胃癌细胞迁移侵袭能力。采用5-氟尿嘧啶（5-Fu）共培养富集胃癌干细胞,流式细胞术检测药物干预后CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例。结果 干预48,72 h后,益气补肾方组细胞增殖抑制率显著高于同时期阴性对照组及空白对照组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。Transwell结果显示,与阴性对照组和空白对照组比较,益气补肾方各组透膜细胞数显著降低,迁移能力受明显抑制,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。流式细胞术结果显示,终浓度为20 μg·mL^-1的5-Fu共培养24 h后,胃癌干细胞比例显著提升,益气补肾方干预后各组细胞中CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例均下调,中、高浓度组与模型对照组相比,差异有显著统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 益气补肾方含药血清能显著抑制人胃癌细胞SGC-7901增殖,并呈时间、剂量相关性,其抗转移作用可能与下调胃癌干细胞表面标志物CD44、EpCAM表达,降低CD44⁺EpCAM⁺干细胞比例有关。