全文获取类型
收费全文 | 490篇 |
免费 | 22篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 6篇 |
儿科学 | 23篇 |
基础医学 | 43篇 |
口腔科学 | 4篇 |
临床医学 | 31篇 |
内科学 | 86篇 |
皮肤病学 | 13篇 |
神经病学 | 27篇 |
特种医学 | 118篇 |
外科学 | 57篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
预防医学 | 38篇 |
眼科学 | 1篇 |
药学 | 38篇 |
肿瘤学 | 26篇 |
出版年
2021年 | 6篇 |
2020年 | 3篇 |
2019年 | 8篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 5篇 |
2016年 | 6篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 8篇 |
2011年 | 11篇 |
2010年 | 8篇 |
2009年 | 18篇 |
2008年 | 16篇 |
2007年 | 39篇 |
2006年 | 23篇 |
2005年 | 24篇 |
2004年 | 13篇 |
2003年 | 9篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 11篇 |
2000年 | 11篇 |
1999年 | 7篇 |
1998年 | 16篇 |
1997年 | 25篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 20篇 |
1994年 | 15篇 |
1993年 | 8篇 |
1992年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 3篇 |
1990年 | 4篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 17篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 7篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1930年 | 1篇 |
1916年 | 2篇 |
1863年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有517条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
2.
S Álvarez-Ruiz† PF Peñas† J Fernández-Herrera† J Sánchez-Pérez† J Fraga‡ A García-Díez† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2004,18(3):310-313
In the last years, granulocyte and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF and GM-CSF) are being increasingly used and several cutaneous eruptions have been reported in relation to these treatments. In 1991 Horn et al. described three patients with maculopapular eruption that paralleled the time of infusion of GM-CSF. Two of the cases showed an increase in the number and size of macrophages in the biopsy specimen. Since then, several cases have been reported showing this histopathological alteration that has been considered characteristic of reaction to G-CSF or GM-CSF. Although maculopapular eruption with enlarged macrophages can appear after chemotherapy treatment, we have found that the presentation of this eruption after the beginning of cytokine treatment is suggestive of the involvement of G-CSF and GM-CSF in the eruption. We described eight cases of patients treated with G-CSF or GM-CSF that developed maculopapular eruptions with enlarged macrophages. 相似文献
3.
4.
Oocyte morphology predicts outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection 总被引:10,自引:14,他引:10
Serhal PF; Ranieri DM; Kinis A; Marchant S; Davies M; Khadum IM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(6):1267-1270
To examine the influence of cytoplasmic morphology on the success rate of
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), the morphology of 837 metaphase II
oocytes was assessed after cumulus stripping. The main abnormalities
detected were excessive granularity, cytoplasmic inclusions such as
vacuoles, smooth endoplasmic reticulum clustering and refractile bodies.
Microinjection was performed in 538 oocytes with normal cytoplasm, 142 out
of 161 with excessive granularity and 112 out of 138 with cytoplasmic
inclusions. Very poor oocytes were not injected. No difference was found in
fertilization rate. The embryos achieved cleaved normally and a similar
number of good quality embryos among the three groups was noted. The
outcome of transfer of embryos derived solely from normal oocytes (group A:
72 patients, 183 embryos) was compared with those from oocytes with
cytoplasmic abnormalities (group B: 34 patients, 85 embryos). In group A,
17 clinical pregnancies (24% per patient, implantation rate 10%) were
established. In group B, only one clinical pregnancy (3% per patient,
implantation rate 1%) was established, from the transfer of embryos derived
from oocytes with homogeneous granularity of the cytoplasm. No pregnancy
resulted following the transfer of embryos from eggs with cytoplasmic
inclusions. The difference was statistically significant. The outcome of
ICSI is dependent on the quality of the oocytes retrieved. Normal
fertilization and early embryo development were achieved in oocytes with
abnormal cytoplasm morphology, but the resulting embryos failed to
demonstrate the same implantation potential as those derived from oocytes
with normal cytoplasm.
相似文献
5.
JS Pooni Dr DWL Hukins PF Harris RC Hilton KE Davies 《Surgical and radiologic anatomy : SRA》1986,8(3):175-182
Posterior and anterior heights, cross-sectional area and shape were measured for all the intervertebral discs in four spines from elderly human cadavers. Disc height was a minimum at the T4-5 level; thoracic discs were less wedge-shaped than those in the cervical and lumbar regions. Cross-sectional area increased from the cranial to caudal extremity; at the L5-S1 level the nucleus pulposus occupied a high proportion of this area. Cervical discs tended to have an elliptical cross-sectional shape, thoracic discs were more circular and lumbar discs tended to have an elliptical cross-section which was flattened or re-entrant posteriorly. This shape distribution was quantified by defining a shape index which had a maximum value of 1 for a circular cross-section. Orientations of the reinforcing fibres in the outer lamellae of the anterior annulus fibrosus were measured from 27 discs by X-ray diffraction. For these measurements, C3-4, T7-8 and L2-3 were chosen as representative of cervical, thoracic and lumbar discs. The fibre tilt, with respect to the axis of the spine, was significantly less in the cervical discs (at 65 degrees) than in the thoracic and lumbar discs (about 70 degrees). These findings are interpreted in relation to differing functional requirements and possible mechanisms of failure in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar regions of the spine in the light of current knowledge on the biomechanics of the intervertebral disc. 相似文献
6.
Krabbe Paul F.M. Peerenboom Lonneke Langenhoff Barbara S. Ruers Theo J.M. 《Quality of life research》2004,13(7):1247-1253
Introduction: We investigated whether the sensitivity of the generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) EQ-5D summary measure (or index) to detect changes over time in a clinical setting is comparable with that of a disease-specific HRQoL questionnaire. Methods: Patients with liver metastases (n = 75) filled out the five domains of the EQ-5D self-classifier, the EQ VAS, and the EORTC QLQ C-30 (a disease-specific (cancer) HRQoL questionnaire). The HRQoL instruments were completed before intervention, and 1/2 month and 3 and 6 months after intervention. Three analyses were performed. First, the EQ-5D index (based on self-classification) was compared to the EQ VAS. Second, the EQ-5D domains were compared to corresponding EORTC QLQ C-30 scales. Third, EQ-5D index and EQ VAS were compared with the EORTC QLQ C-30 global health-status scale. Effect size was chosen as the metric of responsiveness. Results: The EQ-5D index was slightly less responsive than the EQ VAS. Overall, the responsiveness of the EQ-5D index and EQ VAS was equal to the EORTC QLQ C-30 global health-status scale. Conclusion: Despite its generic principle and the apparent crudeness of its framework, the responsiveness of the EQ-5D proved to be comparable to that of a disease-specific HRQoL questionnaire in this specific clinical setting. 相似文献
7.
Validation of a Frailty Index from The Older Persons and Informal Caregivers Survey Minimum Data Set
Jennifer E. Lutomski MS Maria A.E. Baars PhD Janneke A. van Kempen MD Bianca M. Buurman PhD Wendy P.J. den Elzen PhD Aaltje P.D. Jansen PhD Gertrudis I.J.M. Kempen PhD Paul F.M. Krabbe PhD Bas Steunenberg PhD Ewout W. Steyerberg PhD Marcel G.M. Olde‐Rikkert PhD René J.F. Melis PhD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2013,61(9):1625-1627
8.
In the human erythrocyte membrane phosphatidylcholine and sphingomyelin reside mainly in the outer leaflet, whereas the aminophospholipids, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine, are mainly found in the inner leaflet. Maintenance of phospholipid asymmetry has been assumed to involve interactions between the aminophospholipids and the membrane skeleton, in particular spectrin. To investigate whether spectrin contributes to maintaining the phospholipid transbilayer distribution and kinetics of redistribution, we studied erythrocytes from hereditary spherocytosis patients whose spectrin levels ranged from 34% to 82% of normal. The phospholipid composition and the accessibility of membrane phospholipids to hydrolysis by phospholipases were in the normal range. Spin-labeled phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylethanolamine analogues that had been introduced into the outer leaflet were rapidly transported at 37 degrees C to the inner leaflet, whereas the redistribution of spin-labeled phosphatidylcholine was slower. The kinetics of transbilayer movement of these spin-labeled phospholipid in all samples was in the normal range and was not affected by the level of spectrin. Although these erythrocyte membranes contained as little as 34% of the normal level of spectrin and were characterized by several physical abnormalities, the composition, distribution, and transbilayer kinetics of the phospholipids were found to be normal. We therefore conclude that spectrin plays, at best, only a minor role in maintaining the distribution of erythrocyte membrane phospholipid. 相似文献
9.
10.