Effect of Histamine Receptor Blocking on Human Antibody-dependent Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity

The effect of H1 and H2 receptor-blocking agents on antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) was studied. The H1 receptor-blocker clemastinum and the H2 receptor blocker cimetidine dose-dependently inhibited the antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity of normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells on chicken erythrocytes. The inhibition cannot be explained either by a direct toxic effect on effector cells or by blocking of Fc receptors. The possible involvement of histamine receptor-bearing effector cells in human ADCC is suggested.     

喉鳞状细胞癌组织体外原代培养的初步研究

目的 应用体外培养技术,对喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行体外培养,探讨喉鳞癌组织原代培养中的各种影响因素,为建立人喉鳞癌组织的细胞系提供实验基础。方法采用体外组织培养技术,对24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织进行原代培养,观察原代培养中肿瘤细胞的生长与供体的年龄、肿瘤组织的分化程度及不同培养方法的关系,分析在人喉鳞癌细胞的培养中成纤维细胞、微生物污染的影响。结果 24例人喉鳞状细胞癌组织标本,年龄小于60岁组的细胞生长率为31.25％(5/16例),年龄大于60岁组为37.5％(3/8例);高分化组为100％(2/2例),中分化组为30.8％(4/13例),低分化组25％(2/8例);组织块培养法为43.75％(7/16例),酶消化法培养为10％(1/10例);倒置显微镜下观察,在培养的第5～7天,在贴壁组织块周围可见到有上皮样细胞爬出。全部标本中,成纤维细胞的过度生长和微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞生长的重要因素。结论培养组织的细胞生长率与供体的年龄关系不大;肿瘤组织的分化程度较高者,细胞的生长率较高;与酶消化分离培养法相比,贴壁组织块培养法的细胞生长率较高;成纤维细胞及微生物的污染是阻碍人喉鳞癌细胞系建立的重要因素。     

Proteus syndrome

Abstract: This female Asian (Malay) baby had clinical features of Proteus syndrome. She had a large right facial lipolymphangioma with hyperpigmentation of the overlying skin. There was a smaller lymphangioma over the left side of her neck with excess nuchal folds, macrodactyly and bilateral talipes equinovarus. Despite the extensive hemifacial swelling, there was no evidence of upper respiratory tract obstruction. Generalized seizures developed on the sixth day of life which were controlled with phenobarbital. The lymphangiomas were excised without recurrence.     

Comparing sulindac with indomethacin for closure of ductus arteriosus in preterm infants

Objectives: A prospective study comparing the efficiacy and side-effects of oral sulindac with intravenous indomethacin in clinically stable preterm infants (<1750 g) requiring non-invasive closure of haemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus.
Methodology: As maturity and birthweight are the two major determinants of ductal closure, infants were matched as closely as possible for these parameters. An eligible patient was first assigned to the sulindac group and a subsequent patient with similar gestational age (± 1 week) and birthweight (±100 g) to the previously recruited infant would automatically receive indomethacin. A total of eight infants were enrolled in each group.
Results: The ductus arteriosus was successfully closed in all eight infants receiving indomethacin, and in seven of eight infants receiving sulindac. No significant differences were found with regards to the ductal size between the two groups at diagnosis or on each of the consecutive days of treatment ( P >0.25). More renal adverse effects were encountered in the indomethacin group. Significant differences in changes from baseline value for urine output, plasma sodium, urea and creatinine concentrations were noted at 24, 48 and 72 h after commencement of treatment between the two groups ( P <0.05). All the parameters returned to normal or pre-treatment levels 48 h after stopping therapy. Unexpectedly, severe gastrointestinal complications were encountered in the sulindac group.
Conclusions: Sulindac is capable of promoting ductal constriction in clinically stable preterm infants without compromising the renal function. The spectrum of gastrointestinal complications observed in sulindac treated infants were similar to those described for indomethacin. The use of sulindac for ductal closure in the preterm infant should remain experimental.     

Effect of a structured asthma education program on hospitalized asthmatic children: A randomized controlled study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of an intensive asthma education program (group B) with that of a standard asthma education program (group A). METHODS: A prospective randomized single blinded study was conducted in the pediatric department of a public hospital in Hong Kong. Children aged 2-15 years admitted to the pediatric department with an acute attack of asthma were recruited. A standard asthma education program (group A) or an intensive asthma education program (group B) for children were offered. The main outcome measures include the number of visits to the emergency department and the number of hospitalization for asthma during the 3 month follow-up period. RESULTS: A total of 45 children were in group A and 55 in group B. Group B had statistically significant reductions in the number of visits to the emergency department and the number of hospitalizations. Drug compliance was also significantly improved in group B. Parents' satisfaction rate was also higher in group B. CONCLUSION: The intensive asthma education program might be more cost effective than the standard asthma education program in the management of asthmatic children admitted to hospital in Hong Kong.     

白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的效果及安全性

目的：探讨白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障的效果及安全性。方法将佛山市顺德区桂洲医院2012年2月~2014年3月收治的闭角型青光眼合并白内障患者作为研究对象,共100例,118眼,将纳入患者按奇偶数随机分为对照组和观察组,对照组41例(50眼),观察组59例(68眼)。对照组采用小梁切除术,观察组采用白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术,术后观察比较两组患者的治疗效果。结果术前两组患者视力情况比较差异无统计学意义(u=0.6526,P跃0.05);术后1 d观察组患者的视力矫正情况明显优于对照组(u=2.1781,P<0.05);术后随访调查发现,观察组患者的视力矫正情况明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(u=2.1158,P<0.05)。术前,观察组前房深度及眼内压分别为(1.80±0.39)mm、(25.66±3.27)mmHg,对照组分别为(1.80±0.44)mm、(26.12±5.21)mmHg,两组术前比较差异均无统计学意义(均P跃0.05);术后,观察组前房深度及眼内压分别为(3.01±0.47)mm、(13.31±4.11)mmHg,对照组分别为(2.91±0.50)mm、(13.12±3.77)mmHg,与术前比较,两组患者前房深度均明显升高,眼内压均明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对照组并发症发生率为6.00%,观察组为1.47%,两组并发症发生率比较差异无统计学意义(字2=1.8050,P跃0.05)。结论白内障摘除联合人工晶体植入术治疗闭角型青光眼合并白内障,安全性较高,患者术后恢复良好,并发症较少,值得临床推广使用。     

二甲双胍治疗抗精神病药物引起的血脂异常:两项随机、安慰剂的对照研究

目的：验证二甲双胍治疗抗精神病药引起的血脂异常的疗效和安全性。方法：将两项随机、安慰剂的 对照研究纳入分析。共有201例服用抗精神病药物后出现血脂异常的首发精神分裂症患者,并将其分为1 000 mg/d 二甲双胍组(以下简称为二甲双胍组,n=103)和安慰剂组(n=98),观察24周。在基线、治疗后第12周和第24周进行 临床症状及体重、血糖、血脂等代谢指标的评估。结果：二甲双胍治疗后,二甲双胍组和安慰剂组之间低密度脂 蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)的平均差异从基线时的0.16 mmol/L,降低到第24周结束时的 –0.86 mmol/L,降低了1.02 mmol/L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。而24周结束时,二甲双胍组LDL-C≥3.37 mmol/L的 患者有25.3%,显著低于安慰剂组24周结束时的64.8%(P<0.01)。与安慰剂组相比,二甲双胍组的体重、体重指数、 胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗指数、总胆固醇、三酰甘油和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇也有显著变化,差异均有统计学意义(均 P<0.05)。治疗对体重和胰岛素抵抗的影响出现在第12周,并且在第24周进一步改善,但对改善血脂异常的作用在第 24周结束时才出现。结论：二甲双胍治疗对于改善抗精神病药物引起的血脂异常和胰岛素抵抗是有效的,并且改善 抗精神病药物诱导的胰岛素抵抗出现的时间早于降低血脂异常的时间。     

前后路短节段固定融合治疗腰椎纵向劈裂骨折

目的：评价前后路短节段固定融合治疗腰椎纵向劈裂骨折的临床效果和安全性。方法：回顾性分析中南 大学湘雅二医院脊柱外科2005年3月至2013年5月采用的前后路短节段固定融合治疗的13例腰椎纵向劈裂骨折患者临床 资料,对所有患者的矫正情况进行随访,采用疼痛视觉模拟量表(visual analogue scale,VAS)评分、Oswestry功能障碍指 数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)对腰椎功能进行评估。结果：随访时间为24~60个月,平均42个月;手术时间185~300 min,平均248 min;术中失血量为600~1 500 mL,平均950 mL。所有患者术后均获得功能及自我形象的改善,在Cobb 角评估方面,术后2 d,12个月和末次随访测量Cobb角较手术前均有明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);VAS评 分和ODI评估术后2 d,12个月和末次随访测量结果较之术前均有改善, 差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后12个月与 末次随访的评估结果相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。根据美国脊髓损伤协会(ASIA)分级标准,在末次随访时,术 前8例D级患者中6例恢复至E级,其中3例未见进一步恢复;术前2例C级中1例恢复至D级,1例恢复至E级。所有病例 骨折均获愈合,愈合时间为3~6个月,平均4.5个月;术中3例有硬膜撕裂,术中给予修补;无神经血管损伤并发症病 例。结论：短节段伤椎置钉和旋棒复位是腰椎纵向劈裂不稳定骨折较好的手术选择。     

微球在肝细胞癌经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术治疗中的应用及研究进展

肝细胞癌(HCC)占原发性肝癌的90％以上.手术切除是治疗HCC的最佳治疗方案.但是,由于许多患者在诊断时已经处于晚期或存在多发病灶,所以只有少数患者能够施行手术.对于不能切除的肝细胞癌患者只有通过姑息性治疗来控制症状、提高生活质量、延长生存期.大量文献数据显示经导管肝动脉化疗栓塞术(transcatheter he-patic arterial chemoembolization,TACE)是非手术治疗的首选.传统的栓塞剂如碘油、明胶海绵等的应用虽然可延长患者的生存期,但由于这些栓塞剂存在易被清除、降解的局限性,从而影响栓塞效果.微球作为一种新型的栓塞剂,目前受到国内外研究者的广泛关注.根据微球的性质及作用将其分为两大类:单纯微球及载体微球.本研究就此两类微球做一综述.     

游离前臂皮瓣联合髂骨同期修复重建口底及面下部的复合性组织缺损

目的 探讨游离前臂皮瓣联合游离髂骨进行口底及面下部复合型组织缺损同期修复重建的临床疗效。 方法 术前对11例口底及面下部复合型组织缺损的范围及外形进行认真的评估,设计出与缺损区相匹配的个体化前臂皮瓣。术中先行成型钛板恢复缺损下颌骨基本的外形及咬合关系,然后用来复锯切取设计塑型的游离髂骨并移植固定于钛板的内侧,从而恢复缺损下颌骨的连续性。 结果 11例前臂皮瓣及髂骨全部成活,成功率100％。本组患者经随访6～ 12个月,修复区外形虽显不同程度的臃肿,但饮食、吞咽等口腔功能得到了改善,有7例可进普食,有4例可进流质饮食,同时可参与社会活动中日常的语言交流,皮瓣的感觉功能及外形恢复满意。 结论 适形游离前臂皮瓣联合游离髂骨对口底及面下部复合型组织缺损同期修复重建,是修复口底及面下部复合型组织缺损较为理想的方法之一,既达到安全、实用的预后效果,又可明显提高患者的生存质量,值得临床借鉴并使用。