Anatomic basis of venous drainage in donor flaps

Summary The venous architecture in donor flaps was observed in 17 fresh cadavers by injection of latex or ink into the vessels or by making corrosion-cast specimens. The pattern of the veins resembles that of the arteries, with the difference that there is another set of venous trunks which do not accompany the arteries. Because these trunks are of larger caliber, they are the main drainage route for flaps. There are three types of drainage based on the anatomical architecture: 1) the superficial trunk is the main drainage path; 2) the deep trunk is the main path; 3) both superficial and deep veins are involved. These morphological considerations are the basis for selection of veins for anastomosis in microsurgery. The axial veins in temporal, frontal and facial flaps on the dorsum of the hand and the foot usually loosely accompany the axial arteries. The characteristics of these vascular pedicules should be studied in transplant operation.

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Bases anatomiques du drainage veineux des lambeaux cutanés libres

Résumé Le drainage veineux des lambeaux cutanés libres a été étudié sur 17 cadavres frais par injection de latex ou d'encre dans les vaisseaux, ou en réalisant des moulages par injection-corrosion. La distribution des veines ressemble à celle des artères à la différence près qu'il existe des troncs veineux qui n'accompagnent pas les artères. Ces troncs ont un calibre plus important et représentent une voie de drainage principale pour les lambeaux. On peut individualiser trois types de drainages basés sur l'architecture veineuse : 1. Le tronc superficiel est la principale voie de drainage ; 2. le tronc profond est la principale voie; 3. les veines superficielles et profondes sont impliquées simultanément. Ces considérations morphologiques sont les bases de la sélection des axes veineux pour les anastomoses en micro-chirurgie. Les veines axiales au niveau temporal, frontal et facial et pour les lambeaux de la face dorsale de la main et du pied sont habituellement relativement éloignées du trajet artériel. Les caractéristiques de ces pédicules veineux doivent être précisées pour la réalisation des lambeaux.

     

压电频移中和萃取法测定微克量枸橼酸维静宁

用涂圈压电石英晶体频移一中和萃取法测定枸橼酸维静宁(咳必清),检出限0.02μg,在0.05～1.6μg范围内呈线性,相关系数0.999,变异系数为2.3%。与经典的中和萃取法相比,本法具有明显的优越性。     

A case report of an intracaval extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumour

Solitary fibrous tumours are infrequent neoplasms based in the pleura that are predominantly benign with malignant pathology and behaviour described in 10–36% of cases. Extrathoracic solitary fibrous tumours (ESFTs) have been considered separately to their intrathoracic counterparts and comprise a third of all solitary fibrous tumours. The extrathoracic location was identified as an adverse prognostic factor for local recurrence but not for metastatic disease. So far, there have not been any reports of solitary fibrous tumours demonstrating caval infiltration. We present a case of a benign ESFT infiltrating into the perirenal inferior vena cava. Together with extrauterine leiomyomas, ESFTs should also be considered as a differential diagnosis for the rare benign lesions invading the inferior vena cava.     

新生儿和儿童乙肝免疫

自1991年WHO提出将乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)疫苗纳入新生儿计划免疫以来,绝大多数国家新生儿HBV疫苗接种覆盖率平均在90%以上,婴儿HBV疫苗接种覆盖率为85％-99％．我国HBsAg携带率从10．19％下降到0．2％-3．2％．不同地区新生儿和儿童全程接种率、首针及时接种率、免疫覆盖率差异较大．对不同新生儿和儿童HB免疫尚需注意的问题如HBV疫苗接种程序和接种剂量,早产、低体质量儿的免疫接种,HBsAg阳性母亲子女的免疫接种和母乳喂养,抗-HBs保护时间和加强免疫问题．     

Ratification of IATSIC/WHO’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care Assessment in the South American Region

Background  

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of the International Association for Trauma Surgery and Intensive Care (IATSIC)/World Health Organization (WHO)’s Guidelines for Essential Trauma Care (EsTC Guidelines) in providing an internationally applicable and standardized template to assess trauma care capabilities in the South American Region.     

依达拉奉对深低温保存大鼠断肢再植后缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的:观察依达拉奉对深低温保存大鼠断肢再植后出现缺血再灌注损伤时的保护作用。方法:实验于2006-04/11在山东省立医院手足外科低温医学实验室完成。①选取健康成年Wistar大鼠36只,随机分为对照组、冷冻组和依达拉奉组3组,每组12只。②对照组只显露股动静脉而不结扎,其他2组大鼠截断右后肢,对断肢进行深低温冷冻保存处理(自结扎股动静脉至深低温保存约2h)。③1个月后,将冷冻保存的断肢复温、灌洗液洗脱,依达拉奉组所用灌洗液中含依达拉奉0.5mg/kg,行自体肢体回植(自液氮中取出肢体至恢复血供约2h),恢复肢体血供4h后取材,骨骼肌丙二醛含量,超氧化物歧化酶活性以及线粒体ATP酶活性,测定胫前肌含水量,光镜观察各组骨骼肌肌组织的结构改变。结果:36只全部进入结果分析。①骨骼肌丙二醛含量:依达拉奉组低于冷冻组[(10.37±1.25),(15.36±1.28)μmol/g,P<0.01]。②骨骼肌ATP酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性:依达拉奉组高于冷冻组[(206.2±45.2),(72.7±32.5)μkat/g;(83.9±5.2),(70.5±8.0)mkat/g;P均<0.01]。③胫前肌湿/干质量比值:依达拉奉组低于冷冻组(4.89±0.82,6.38±0.63,P<0.01)。④光镜结果显示依达拉奉组骨骼肌损伤程度明显轻于冷冻组。结论:依达拉奉可以降低肢体再灌注后肌肉组织中的氧自由基水平,减轻缺血再灌注对骨骼肌造成的损伤,对缺血再灌注骨骼肌具有保护作用。