Y染色体STR位点及其在人类学研究中的应用

人类Y染色体STR位点由于其独特的遗传学特点在重构父系进化历史等方面有着重要的应用价值。本文就Y染色体STR位点的特性以及它们在人类学研究中的应用作一综述。     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

生物反馈结合线索暴露治疗降低海洛因依赖者药物线索反应

目的:了解生物反馈结合线索暴露治疗是否降低海洛因依赖者环境线索诱发渴求及心理生理反应.方法:采用前瞻性的队列研究将60例环境线索诱发心理渴求增高的康复期海洛因依赖者分成实验组(n=36)与对照组(n=24),对照组只进行劳教场所的常规帮教,实验组除帮教外进行12次生物反馈结合线索暴露治疗,评估治疗前后环境线索诱发心理渴求与心理生理反应情况.结果:两组治疗结束后,实验组环境诱发前、后的心理渴求,肌电和皮导得分均低于对照组[诱发前:心理渴求(3.06±7.26)mm vs.(22.32±20.26)mm、肌电(8.52±4.23)μV vs.(12.06±5.17)μV、皮导(2.14±1.43)μS vs.(4.61±2.24)μS;诱发后:心理渴求(6.97±10.30)vs.(33.14±25.40)mm、肌电(8.72±4.31)vs.(14.79±5.86)μV、皮导(2.15±1.33)vs.(4.49±2.59)μS,P≤0.01].结论:生物反馈结合线索暴露治疗可降低康复期海洛因依赖者渴求及环境诱发心理生理反应.     

海洛因依赖者环境线索诱发心理生理反应

目的：了解海洛因依赖者对吸毒相关环境线索诱发反应。方法：对来自自愿戒毒机构的36例刚完成生理脱毒（康复早期）的海洛因依赖者和劳教戒毒机构112例康复期满1年的海洛因依赖者观看吸毒相关视频同时给予海洛因模拟物及吸毒用具刺激,于暴露前后自评渴求程度、情绪以及戒断症状反应;用生物反馈仪自动记录暴露前后的生理反应。结果：环境线索暴露后海洛因依赖者心理渴求、害怕／焦虑、抑郁／悲伤、戒断症状、心率、皮肤导电和肌电增高（P〈0．05）,中性／放松／自然降低（P〈0．05）。自愿戒毒机构康复早期海洛因依赖者环境诱发心率增高,比康复期满一年以上者更明显（P〈0．05）,其余与康复期长短无显著关系。结论：海洛因依赖者戒断康复期的延长并不会使渴求和环境诱发心理生理反应减弱或消褪。     

透明质酸钠加体外短波治疗膝骨关节炎452例的临床分析

目的探讨透明质酸钠加体外短波的临床疗效。方法膝骨关节炎病人452例，其中单侧284例，双侧168例，共计620膝。对OA患者随机分为两组：A组采用透明质酸钠加体外短波，B组单用透明质酸钠。结果A组的Lysholm指数由治疗前的47．2上升到术后各阶段的92．3、89．3、85．1。B组由治疗前的48．3上升到术后各阶段的75．2、86．1、80．2。A组明显高于B组。结论透明质酸钠加体外短波治疗是治疗膝骨关节炎的有效方法。     

康奎蒂悬铃花提取物对雄性小鼠的抗生育效果

康查蒂悬铃花Malvaiscus conzatii为锦葵科观赏植物,其花与朱槿花相似。据报道两者均具有抗生育作用。本文结果说明康查蒂悬铃的花对小鼠具有抗精子生长作用,引起睾丸萎缩,抑制雄性激素的分泌。     

肿瘤小鼠模型建立应用进展

近百余年中,小鼠模型在医学研究中扮演着重要的角色,在肿瘤基础研究以及转化医学研究中具有重要的意义.随着肿瘤研究进展的不断加深,从最初的肿瘤移植模型到近年的基因编辑模型,模型小鼠的应用日益广泛.在人体环境中,不同的肿瘤在发生、发展及转移等方面均存在着差异.因此,建立合适的小鼠模型是开展肿瘤研究的必要条件.本研究总结目前肿...     

闭合性腹膜后十二指肠损伤9例诊治体会

我院自１９８１年５月至２０００年４月 ,共收治闭合性腹膜后十二指肠损伤９例。现报告如下。临床资料一、一般资料本组９例 ,男性８例 ,女性１例 ,年龄１６～５２岁 ,平均３１．５岁。受伤原因 :车祸伤６例 ,上腹部撞击伤２例 ,压砸伤１例。受伤至入院时间 :１～８小时７例 ,８～２４小时２例。受伤部位 :上部损伤１例 ,降部损伤５例 ,横部损伤３例。合并伤７例。伤后均有腹痛 ,呕吐５例 ,其中２例呕吐血性胃内容物 ;腰背痛６例 ,伴右睾丸放射痛１例。腹膜炎４例 ,休克２例。术前明确诊断３例 ,１例经腹部平片证实 ,２例经ＣＴ检查证实 ,剖…     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.     

环境线索对戒断期海洛因依赖者神经电生理的影响

Objective To explore the changes of craving and neuro-electrophysiological reactions under the exposure of heroin-related cues in abstinent heroin dependents.Methods In this self-controlled study,382 abstinent heroin dependent patients watched video of heroin smoking and injecting situations,and in the meantime were exposed to herein simulacrum and apparatus after relaxation exercises.The neuroelectrophysiological reactions were mcagured with a multi-biofeedback instrument before and after the cue exposed.Self-reported craving was also assessed before and after cue exposed.Results The craving were increased[(18±22)mm vs.(29±29)mm,P＜0.01]after cue exposures compared to pre-exposure,EMG[(12±7)μN vs.(14±10)μV,P＜0.01]and SC[(6.8±4.3)μS vs.(7.4±4.3)μS,P＜0.01]also increased.But the percentages of δ,θ,α,SMR,low β,high β decreased compared to that under the cue exposures[8:(10.8±4.7)%vs.(9.7±4.4)%,P＜0.01;0:(6.8±2.0)%vs.(6.3±2.0)%,P＜0.01;α:(4.8±1.8)%vs.(4.5±1.7)%,P＜0.01;SMR:(3.0 ±1.2)%vs.(2.8±1.2)%,P＜0.01;low β:(2.6±1.1)%vs.(2.5±1.1)%,P＜0.01 and high β:(4.6 ±1.5)%vs.(4.5±1.5)%.P＜0.05].Conclusions The results indicate that drug-related cue induce heroin craving and electrophysiological reactions.