Intrasphenoidal migration of a premaxillary Kirschner wire.

OBJECTIVE: The use of Kirschner wire for the fixation of premaxilla is a well-known method in bilateral cleft lip surgery. We report a case in which the Kirschner wire of the premaxillary fixation had migrated intrasphenoidally. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The foreign body was accidentally discovered during a cephalometric analysis and was taken out surgically through an upper lip sulcus incision. Although the wire remained asymptomatic for 10 years, it constituted a potential danger for intracranial migration.     

静脉滴注尼莫地平治疗急性缺血性脑梗死

发病72h内的急性缺血性脑梗死60例,分为2组。尼莫地平组30例(男性21例,女性9例;年龄59±s10a)。wk1.2给支持疗法(脱水剂,维生素C等)和尼莫地平2mg/d于5％葡萄糖液500ml内静脉滴注。wk3.4改用扩容、改善微循环,细胞活性药。wkl-4口服尼莫地平60mg.qn。对照组30例(男性23例,女性7例;年龄58±9a)。不给尼莫地平,其余同上。4wk后,前组神经功能缺损积分值较后组下降显著(P相似文献   

Biliary–enteric fistulas: report of five cases and review of the literature

Internal biliary fistulas (IBF) are seen rarely. Because the symptoms and signs of IBF are not specific and the diagnosis is not suspected, these patients are commonly investigated with plain abdominal films (PAF), ultrasonography (US), upper gastrointestinal series (UGIS), barium enema (BE), and computed tomography (CT), but not always with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The purposes of this article are (a) to attract attention of radiologists to presumptive findings of IBF, so as not to misdiagnose this unsuspected and rare disease, and (b) review of the literature while presenting radiologic features of our cases. Five cases of IBFs in which extrahepatic biliary tree communicating with duodenum (four cases) and colon (one case) are reported. Diagnostic work-up of cases were done by PAF, US, UGIS, BE, and CT. Aerobilia, which cannot be explained using other means, ectopic gallstone and small bowel dilatation, nonvisualization of the gallbladder despite no history of cholecystectomy, and thick-walled shrunken gallbladder adherent to neighboring organs were suggestive findings of IBF in our study. Knowledge of imaging findings suggestive of IBF and a high index of suspicion increase the diagnostic rate of IBFs. Received: 4 June 1998; Revision received: 28 July 1998; Accepted: 14 October 1998     

The Effect of Tizanidine on Chronic Vasospasm in Rats

Summary ? Background. Cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) has remained a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with SAH. Excitatory neurotransmitters are gathered in the extracellular space during ischemia due to cerebral vasospasm and initiate or stimulate a series of pathophysiological biochemical processes which consequently lead to neuronal death. Tizanidine (Sandoz compound DS 103–282, 5-chloro-4,2 (2-imidazolin-2-yl-amino)-2,1,3-benzothiazol hydrochloride) is a centrally-acting muscle relaxant and a selective α 2 adrenoreceptor agonist which shows its effect by stimulating presynaptic α 2 adrenoreceptors in central ASPergic and GLUergic system by inhibiting aspartic acid and glutamic acid release. In this study, the effect of Tizanidine on vasospasm was evaluated.  Methods. We used a femoral artery vasospasm model in rats which has been described by Okada et al. 60 rats were examined in three groups. The first group was used as control group (Control) (n=20), in the second group subarachnoid hemorrhage was performed (SAH) (n=20), in the third group Tizanidine was administered in addition to SAH (SAH+Tizanidine administration) (n=20). Animals in SAH+Tizanidine administration group received 0,3 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally for 7 days. Seven days after the experiment, after perfusion-fixation, 10 mm segments of both femoral arteries were removed and the femoral artery was prepared for light microscope examination, scanning and transmission electron microscopy and for morphometric analysis.  Results. There was a statistically significant difference between the electron, scanning and light microscopic observations and morphometric analysis of SAH+Tizanidine administration group and SAH group, and no statistically significant difference between SAH+Tizanidine administration group and control group.  Conclusion. This study has disclosed that Tizanidine administration before the vasospasm reduces ultrastructural and morphometric vasospastic insult significantly. However, the clinical application of Tizanidine as a protective and therapeutic agent in cerebral vasospasm needs further studies including the employment of clinically more relevant SAH models.     

The Role of American Thyroid Association Pediatric Thyroid Cancer Risk Stratification and BRAFV600E Mutation in Predicting the Response to Treatment in Papillary Thyroid Cancer Patients ≤18 Years Old

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the role of risk stratification by the American Thyroid Association (ATA) pediatric thyroid cancer risk levels and BRAF^V600E mutation to predict the response to treatment in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients ≤18 years old.Methods:Clinical outcomes during a median period of 6 (2-21.8) years were assessed in 70 patients, according to ATA pediatric risk stratification, BRAF^V600E mutation status, and dynamic risk stratification (DRS) at final follow-up.Results:Of 70 patients, 44 (63%), 14 (20%), and 12 (17%) were classified initially as low-, intermediate-, and high-risk, respectively. BRAF^V600E mutation analysis data was available in 55 (78.6%) patients, of whom 18 (32.7%) had the BRAF^V600E mutation. According to the final DRS, 61 (87%), two (3%), six (9%), and one (1%) patients were classified as an excellent, incomplete biochemical, incomplete structural, and indeterminate response, respectively. All ATA low-risk patients showed excellent response to treatment, whereas the rate of excellent response was 65.4% in intermediate- and high-risk levels (p<0.001). The rates of excellent response in BRAF^V600E positive and negative patients were 83% and 92%, respectively (p=0.339). The rate of locoregional recurrence was significantly higher in BRAF^V600E positive vs negative patients (33.3% vs 2.7% respectively, p=0.001).Conclusion:ATA pediatric risk stratification is effective in predicting response to treatment in PTC patients ≤18 years old. The presence of BRAF^V600E mutation was highly predictive for recurrence but had no significant impact on the rate of excellent response to treatment at final follow-up.     

Gaseous distension of the urinary bag during CO2 laparoscopy in the usual operative settings: Does the CO2 diffuse into the urinary bladder or is it a sign of urinary tract injury?

ObjectiveTo compare the amounts of any clinically detectable gas passage into the urinary bag in laparoscopic and open surgeries.MethodsSeventy-nine women were allocated into two surgical groups; Group 1: carbon dioxide (CO₂) laparoscopy (n=37) and Group 2: gasless laparoscopy or laparotomy (n=42). All patients had urinary catheter during the surgeries. After checking the tightness of the connection of the urinary catheter and bag operations were performed. At the end of each surgery the urine volumes were recorded. The bags were immersed into a water containing container with a volume scale. The volume rise of the container was recorded. The valve of the outlet of the bag was turned on under the water and any leakage of air bubbles was observed. The final volume of the container was recorded once again while the bag was still in the water. The two groups were compared by using the Student's t or Mann Whitney U tests.ResultsWe did not observe and hence measure any gas accumulation in the urine bags of both groups. The women's ages, total intraoperative urine volume, urine production rate and total operative times of the groups were not significantly different. The mean operative time was (82.98±62.14) min in open surgeries and (73.46±52.74) minutes in CO₂ laparoscopic surgeries. The difference between the groups was not significant (P=0.468).ConclusionsAny gas accumulation in the urine bag during CO₂ laparoscopic surgery should raise the suspicion of urinary tract injury. Urinary catheterization helps to diagnose the unnoticed bladder injuries.     

腹腔镜袖状胃手术治疗重度肥胖症短期疗效研究

目的 探讨腹腔镜袖状胃手术（LSG）治疗重度肥胖症的短期疗效。方法 选择2018年1月至2019年1月在安徽医科大学第二附属医院接受LSG治疗的42例重度肥胖症患者,回顾性分析患者的临床及随访资料,记录术后并发症情况,比较患者术前和术后第1、3、6、12个月的体质量、体质指数（BMI）、额外体质量下降百分比、甘油三酯（TG）、血清总胆固醇、血清低密度脂蛋白、血清高密度脂蛋白、血清尿酸及肝脏CT值的情况,并通过Epworth嗜睡量表、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）对患者术前与术后第12个月的嗜睡、焦虑、抑郁状态进行评价。结果 42例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜袖状胃手术,术后2例切口脂肪液化,4例术后呕吐,3例残胃水肿行短期全肠外营养,未发生Clavien-Dindo III类及以上并发症。患者术前与术后第1、3、6、12个月的体质量、BMI差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,患者术后各时间点EWL（%）的差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后第1、3、6、12个月的体质量和BMI均低于术前,术后第3、6、12个月的EWL%均低于术后第1个月,术后第3、6、12个月的TG低于术前,术后第6、12个月患者肝脏CT值高于术前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。术后第12个月的Epworth、SAS和SDS评分均低于术前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 LSG手术可以有效治疗重度肥胖症及其诱发的多种合并症,并发症低,疗效确切,值得推广普及。     

枯否细胞NF-κB 激活对胆源性内毒素血症大鼠肝部分切除后肝细胞再生的影响

目的探讨胆源性内毒素血症(BE)大鼠肝部分切除(PH)后枯否细胞(KCs)核因子-κB(NF-κB))激活对肝细胞再生的影响.方法将Wistar大鼠分为4组(每组72只)N-PH组(正常大鼠70%PH组);BE-PH组(BE大鼠70%PH组);BE-PH 白细胞介素(IL)-10治疗组;BE-PH治疗对照组.检测70%PH后0、1、6、24、48、72h KCs NF-κB 激活、KCs肿瘤坏死因子α(TNFα)mRNA、IL-1βmRNA和IL-6 mRNA表达以及肝细胞溴脱氧核苷尿嘧啶(BrdU)标记.结果 BE-PH组KCs NF-κB活性高于N-PH组(P<0.001),KCs TNFαmRNA、IL-1βmRNA及IL-6 mRNA表达亦明显高于N-PH组,而肝细胞BrdU高峰标记指数(38.82±9.79)低于N-PH组(64.37±13.69)(P<0.01);BE-PHIL-10组KCs NF-κB 活性低于BE-PH组(P<0.01),KCs TNFα、IL-1β及IL-6 mRNA表达减少,而肝细胞BrdU高峰标记指数高于BE-PH组(P<0.05).结论 BE-PH后KCs NF-κB 高水平激活导致KCs TNFαmRNA、IL-1βmRNA及IL-6 mRNA表达增高,从而抑制肝细胞再生,适当调控KCs NF-κB 活性能促进BE-PH后肝细胞再生.