大环醚双内酯和苯并冠醚系列的中红外光谱研究

作者用傅利叶交换红外光谱仪对大环醚双内酯和苯并冠醚这两类冠醚系列化合物进行中红外光谱的比较性研究。结果显示:这两类冠醚的醚氧键振动吸收谱带归属存在差异。随着醚环醚氧键的递增,其吸收峰波数呈规律性递增。由于取代基的不同,冠Ⅰ～冠Ⅳ较之冠Ⅴ～冠Ⅸ的酯氧键吸收谱带向低波数位移25cm~(-1)。作者并对以上结果及影响因素进行了探讨。     

血清胆汁酸谱在肝病鉴别诊断中的应用研究

为探索血清胆汁酸谱在各种肝病中的特异性，用气相色谱法观察了黑索金，氯乙烯职业接触者及急性黄疸型肝炎、慢性活动型肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌等患者血清胆汁酸的变化情况。结果发现２种亲肝性毒物致肝损害时胆汁酸变化不同，黑索金接触者血清鹅脱氧胆酸（ＣＤＣＡ）、脱氧胆酸（ＤＣＡ）、石胆酸（ＬＣＡ）水平均升高，与对照组比较有显著性差异（Ｐ＜０．０５、Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０１）；氯乙烯接触者则只有ＤＣＡ、ＬＣＡ水平升高，（Ｐ＜０．００１、Ｐ＜０．０００５）。其变化主要集中在次级胆汁酸上。急性黄疸型肝炎、慢性活动型肝炎、肝硬化、肝癌４种普通肝病血清ＣＡ、ＣＤＣＡ、ＤＣＡ和ＬＣＡ均有不同程度升高，以ＣＡ、ＣＤＣＡ变化较明显，与对照组比较其差异显著（Ｐ＜０．００５），但彼此间４种胆汁酸水平的变化都无显著性差异（Ｐ＞０．０５），而ＣＡ与ＣＤＣＡ比值互有不同，其差异有统计学意义，提示血清胆汁酸可用于鉴别诊断各型肝病。     

Infantile Sweet syndrome following MMRV vaccine

Sweet syndrome (SS), also called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is rare in the pediatric population, especially in infants and neonates. We present a case of infantile SS that developed 1 day after the MMRV vaccine; we suggest a possible causal relationship between the MMRV vaccine and SS.     

Teaching adolescents with severe disabilities to use the public telephone

Two adolescents with severe disabilities served as participants in a study conducted to train in the use of the public telephone to call home. Participants were trained to complete a 17-step task analysis using a training package which consisted of total task presentation in conjunction with a four-level prompting procedure (i.e., independent, verbal, verbal + gesture, verbal + guidance). All instruction took place in a public setting (e.g., a shopping mall) with generalization probes taken in two alternative settings (e.g., a movie theater and a convenience store). A multiple probe across individuals design demonstrated the training package was successful in teaching participants to use the telephone to call home. In addition, newly acquired skills generalized to the two untrained settings. Implications for community-based training are discussed.     

金石穿胶囊急性毒性试验

对金石穿胶囊进行动物急性毒性试验。结果表明：经灌胃给药小鼠的最大耐受量倍数为１２４．８,超过人口服用量的１００倍。提示临床应用本品是安全可靠的     

离子对高效液相色谱法测定抗癌药盐酸米托蒽醌注射液含量

作者用离子对高效液相色谱法测定盐酸米托蒽醌注射液含量。采用Zorbax-ODS柱,甲醇-水-甲酸(450:50:1.5)为流动相,调pH为2.7,加十二烷基硫酸钠为离子对试剂,以Ametantrone为内标,在254nm波长检测,米托蒽醌检测限为1ng(R:N=3:1),在1～10μg范围标准曲线呈线性(r=0.9992),平均回收率为99.62±2.36％(n=10)。注射液中其他组分不干扰测定。     

Congenital micrognathia and partial adactylia.

A case of micrognathia and partial adactylia is presented. Several syndromes that can be classified under the term oral-mandibular-limb dysgenesis are discussed, as well as a report of a patient with malformations corresponding closely to the malformations seen in our patient. Genetic and environmental causes of micrognathia are discussed in conjunction with the various theories of the mechanism of congential oral deformities. Finally, a surgical approach to the correction of micrognathia is presented with postoperative results.     

Alternative to mental hospital treatment. II. Economic benefit-cost analysis

A cost-benefit analysis should be seen not as a mechanism for deciding mechanically on the allocation of funds and resources among programs but as a structure for weighing advantages and disadvantages (that is, for organizing knowledge). Considering all the forms of benefits and costs that we were able to derive in monetary terms, the experimental program provided both additional benefits and additional costs as compared with the conventional treatment. However, the added benefits, some +1,200 per patient per year, are nearly +400 more per patient per year than the added costs. A number of the forms of benefits and costs that we have measured in quantitative but nonmonetary terms show additional advantages of the community-based experimental program. The generalizability of a single experiment is limited, but the methodologies developed may be useful if their proper role is appreciated.