Non-diabetic urine glucose in idiopathic membranous nephropathy

This study aims to analyze the characteristics of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (iMN) with nondiabetic urine glucose during the follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 1313 patients who were diagnosed iMN. The prevalence of nondiabetic urine glucose during follow-up was 10.89%. There were significant differences between the patients with nondiabetic urine glucose and those without urine glucose in gender, hypertension ratio, proteinuria, N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, retinol binding protein, serum albumin, serum creatinine (Scr), cholesterol, triglyceride and positive anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody ratio, glomerular sclerosis ratio, acute and chronic tubular injury lesion at baseline. To exclude the influence of the baseline proteinuria and Scr, case control sampling of urine glucose negative patients was applied according to gender, baseline proteinuria and Scr. The proteinuria nonremission (NR) ratio was 45.83 versus 12.50% of the urine glucose positive group and case control group. Partial remission (PR) ratio of the two groups was 36.46 versus 23.96% and complete remission (CR) ratio was 19.79% versus 63.54%, respectively. Patients with urine glucose had higher risk of 50% estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) reduction. Cox regression showed that urine glucose and baseline Scr were risk factors of 50% reduction of eGFR. Urine glucose remission ratio of the patients with proteinuria NR, PR, and CR was 13.33, 56.25, and 94.73% (p < 0.005). Patients who got urine glucose remission also had better renal survival. In conclusion, non-diabetic urine glucose was closely related to proteinuria. It could be applied as a tubular injury marker to predict renal function.     

基于血浊理论探讨风痰瘀阻型中风的发病机制及治疗思路

风痰瘀阻证是临床缺血性脑卒中急性期的证型之一,传统中医治法疗效欠佳,预后不良,致残率高,因此寻求新的治疗思路对于改善患者预后具有重大意义。文章基于血浊理论对其发病机制进行探讨,阐述了血浊致脏腑虚、脑髓伤为发病之基,致风痰瘀阻、脑络伤为核心病机;结合现代研究证实血浊为该病的病理枢纽,提出在传统治则加用化浊行血中药治疗风痰瘀阻型中风,以期提高临床疗效。     

PICC置管术虚拟仿真平台的构建及临床培训应用评价

目的 构建经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管（peripheral inserted central catheter,PICC）置管术虚拟仿真培训平台,并探讨其在临床培训中的应用效果。方法 整群选取2020年与2021年参加某省PICC专业技术高级培训班的118名护士参与本研究。其中2020年（n=51）培训以理论授课结合操作实训的形式进行,2021年（n=67）在原有培训形式的基础上引入虚拟仿真平台作为补充。使用SPSS 23.0进行独立样本t检验,比较两年的理论与操作考核成绩,评价平台的应用效果。通过满意度调查和学习日志,了解平台的使用感受。结果 2021年参与培训护士的理论成绩为（96.56±3.17）分,操作成绩为（94.06±2.16）分,其中操作成绩优于2020年（t=-11.37,P<0.001）,理论成绩差异无统计学意义（t=0.17,P=0.853）。2021年使用虚拟仿真平台的护士中63人（94.0%）认为本平台能辅助提高培训效果;61名（91.0%）护士期待虚拟仿真技术在其他知识的教学与培训中应用。结论 虚拟仿真技术作为一种新型的教学形式,能够提升临床护士置管操作培训的效果和满意度,为相关技能培训的开展提供了参考。     

河南“4.26”60Co源辐射事故一例受照者患非霍奇金淋巴瘤的病因探讨

关于电离辐射是否可诱发非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）,目前的研究结果尚未获得一致结论。笔者报道了河南“4.26” 60Co源辐射事故中1例中度骨髓型急性放射病患者受照后第13年患NHL的病例,结合患者的受照史、病史特点、诊断及国际多项大型研究,从流行病学资料和影响因素两方面分析了患者“天”患非霍奇金淋巴瘤与电离辐射的关系,为电离辐射致NHL提供辐射流行病学依据。     

粪菌移植干预治疗溃疡性结肠炎的免疫学机制研究

背景溃疡性结肠炎被世界卫生组织列为现代难治疾病之一。目前西医对其治疗尚存在诸多不足之处,研究显示粪菌移植（FMT）对其有一定的疗效,但机制尚不明确。目的采用FMT治疗小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型,验证FMT的疗效和可能的作用机制。方法2019年12月至2020年4月,采用随机数字表法将60只小鼠分为正常对照组（Control组）、溃疡性结肠炎模型组（Model组）、溃疡性结肠炎模型+粪菌移植治疗组（Model+FMT组）和溃疡性结肠炎模型+5-氨基水杨酸（5-ASA）治疗组（Model+5-ASA组）,各15只。Control组不作任何干预处理;Model组制备小鼠溃疡性结肠炎模型;Model+FMT组于造模成功后,给予制备的粪菌液0.2 ml/次灌肠;Model+5-ASA组于造模成功后,给予0.019 5 g/ml 5-ASA灌肠。通过透射电镜观察肠组织超微结构变化,流式细胞检测血液辅助性T细胞（Th）-17、Th-1、Th-2、Treg细胞含量变化,酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测血清干扰素γ（IFN-γ）、白介素（IL）-2、IL-17、IL-4、IL-10、转化生长因子β（TGF-β）水平变化。结果肠组织透射电镜超微结构显示Model组造模成功;Model+FMT组与Model+5-ASA组微绒毛较为致密,形态正常,杯状细胞数目较多,线粒体轻微肿胀,粗面内质网病变不明显。Model+FMT组Th17细胞含量高于Control组、低于Model组,Model+5-ASA组Th17细胞含量低于Control组、Model组、Model+FMT组;Model+FMT组、Model+5-ASA组Th1细胞含量均分别低于Control组、Model组;Model+FMT组Th2细胞含量低于Control组、高于Model组,Model+5-ASA组Th2细胞含量低于Control组、高于Model组和Model+FMT组;Model+FMT组、Model+5-ASA组Treg细胞含量均分别低于Control组、高于Model组（P<0.05）。Model+5-ASA组IFN-γ细胞含量低于Model组;Model+FMT组、Model+5-ASA组IL-2细胞含量低于Model组;Model+FMT组、Model+5-ASA组IL-17细胞含量均分别低于Control组和Model组,Model+5-ASA组IL-17细胞含量低于Model+FMT组;Model+FMT组IL-4细胞含量低于Control组、高于Model组,Model+5-ASA组IL-4细胞含量高于Model组;Model+FMT组IL-10细胞含量高于Control组和Model组,Model+5-ASA组IL-10细胞含量高于Model组;Model+FMT组、Model+5-ASA组TGF-β细胞含量均分别低于Control组、高于Model组（P<0.05）。结论FMT可改善小鼠溃疡性结肠炎症状,推测其可能是通过调节Th1/Th2细胞平衡、Th17/Treg细胞比例达到治疗的目的。     

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers for genetic analysis of Moerella iridescens Benson, 1842

Moerella iridescens (Benson) is an economically important small-sized edible marine clam from the Changjiang River delta region of China. In this study, 13 polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in a wild population from the Cixi mud flats. The number of alleles varied between two and six, and the observed and expected heterozygosity at the population level ranged from 0.2000 to 0.8095 and 0.3243 to 0.5106, respectively. No single locus significantly deviated from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.01). All of the polymorphic markers would be useful for future genome mapping, genetic diversity and population assessment studies in M. iridescens.     

Endocannabinoid 2-Arachidonylglycerol Protects Primary Cultured Neurons Against LPS-Induced Impairments in Rat Caudate Nucleus

Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of many diseases in the central nervous system. Caudate nucleus (CN), the largest nucleus in the brain, is also implicated in many neurological disorders. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), the most abundant endogenous cannabinoid and the true natural ligand for CB₁ receptors, has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective effects through its anti-inflammatory action from proinflammatory stimuli in hippocampus. However, it is still not clear whether 2-AG is also able to protect CN neurons from proinflammation stimuli. In the present study, we discovered that 2-AG significantly protects CN neurons in culture against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response. 2-AG is capable of suppressing elevation of LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression associated with ERK/p38MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in CB₁ receptor-dependant manner in primary cultured CN neurons. Moreover, 2-AG inhibits LPS-induced increase in voltage-gated sodium channel currents and hyperpolarizing shift of activation curves through CB₁ receptor-dependant pathway. Our study suggests the therapeutic potential of 2-AG for the treatment of some inflammation-induced neurological disorders and pain.     

血浆置换治疗儿童难治性神经系统疾病1例

目的 观察分析治疗性血浆置换用于儿童难治性神经系统免疫障碍性疾病的疗效.方法 选取本院2019年收治的1例难治性神经系统免疫障碍性疾病患儿应用治疗性血浆置换治疗.分析疗效与安全性.结果 治疗后患儿临床症状明显改善,10 d后撤体外膜肺氧合机,15 d顺利撤呼吸机,肌力治疗后恢复正常,能行走锻炼.期间出现皮疹并发症,给予...